Ukuhlobanisa Isiprofetho SikaMesiya SikaDaniyeli 9: 24-27 Nomlando Wezwe
Izinkinga ezikhonjwe ngokuqonda okujwayelekile - ziyaqhubeka
Ezinye Izinkinga ezitholakala ngesikhathi sokucwaninga
6. Izinkinga Zabaphristi Abaphezulu ngokulandelana nobude benkonzo / yobudala Inkinga
UHilkiah
UHilkiah wayengumphristi omkhulu ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaJosiya. 2 AmaKhosi 22: 3-4 amqopha njengoMphristi oMkhulu kuma-18th Unyaka kaJosiya.
U-Azariya
U-Azariya wayeyindodana kaHilkiah njengoba kushiwo ku-1 IziKronike 6: 13-14.
USeraya
USeraya wayeyindodana ka-Azariya njengoba kushiwo ku-1 IziKronike 6: 13-14. WayenguMphristi oMkhulu okungenani wabusa bukaZedekiya futhi wabulawa nguNebukadinesari ngokushesha nje kokuwa kweJerusalema ngo-11th Unyaka kaZedekiya ngokuya nge-2 AmaKhosi 25:18.
UJozadak
UJozadak wayeyindodana kaSeraya noyise kaJeshua (uJoshua) njengoba kubhalwe ku-1 IziKronike 6: 14-15 futhi wathunjwa uNebukadinesari. Ngakho-ke uJeshua wazalwa ngenkathi esekudingisweni. Akukho futhi lapho kukhulunywa khona ngeJehosadaki ebuya ku-1st unyaka kaKoresi ngemuva kokuwa kweBabiloni, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi wafa ngenkathi esekudingisweni.
UJeshuwa (obizwa nangokuthi uJoshua)
UJeshuwa wayengumPristi Ophakeme ngesikhathi sokubuyela okokuqala kwaJuda ngonyaka wokuqala kaKoresi. (Ezra 2: 2) Leli qiniso futhi laliyokhombisa ukuthi uyise uJehosadaki wafela ekudingisweni kanye nehhovisi loMphristi Ophakeme elidlulisa kuye. Inkomba yokugcina eyabhalwa ngoJeshua kuEzra 5: 2 lapho uJeshua ehlangana noZerubabele ekuqaliseni ukwakha ithempeli. Lona 2nd Unyaka kaDariyu Omkhulu kusukela kumongo nokuqoshwa kukaHagayi 1: 1-2, 12, 14. Ukube ubuneminyaka okungenani engama-30 lapho ebuyela kwaJuda, ngabe okungenani wayeneminyaka engama-49 ngababilind Unyaka kaDariyu.
Joiaki
Joiaki wangena esikhundleni sikayise, uJeshua. (UNehemiya 12:10, 12, 26). Kepha kubonakala sengathi uJoyakimi wayesemukele indodana yakhe ngesikhathi uNehemiya ezokwakha kabusha izindonga zaseJerusalema ngonyaka ka-20th unyaka ka-Aritahishashita osuselwe kuNehemiya 3: 1. NgokukaJosephus[i], UJoyakimi wayengumPristi oMkhulu ngaleso sikhathi u-Ezra ebuya ngawo-7th Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita, eminyakeni engaba ngu-13 ngaphambili. Kodwa ukuze uphile kule-7th Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita I, uJoyakimi kwakufanele abe neminyaka engama-92 ubudala, ngokunokwenzeka kakhulu.
Le yinkinga
UNehemiya 8: 5-7 okulo ku-7th Noma i-8th unyaka ka-Aritahishashita, kubhalwa ukuthi uJeshua wayekhona ngesikhathi u-Ezra efunda umthetho. Kodwa-ke kungenzeka kube nencazelo yokuthi lo kwakunguJeshua indodana ka-Azaniya okukhulunywe ngaye kuNehemiya 10: 9. Ngempela, ukube uJeshua kuNehemiya 8 ubengumPristi oMkhulu bekungamangaza ukungasho kanjalo njengendlela yokumkhomba. Kulokhu nokunye ukulandisa kweBhayibheli, abantu abanegama elifanayo, abaphila ngasikhathi sinye babevame ukukhonjwa ngokufanelekela leli gama ngokuthi “indodana ka…. ”. Uma lokhu kungenzwanga, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu ophambili waleli gama wayefile, ngaphandle kwalokho, abafundi bangaleso sikhathi babezodideka.
U-Eliyashibi
U-Eliyashibi, indodana kaJehoyakimi, waba ngumpristi oMkhulu ngabafundi abangama-20th unyaka ka-Aritahishashita. UNehemiya 3: 1 usho ukuthi u-Eliyashibi njengoMphristi Ophakeme ngenkathi kwakhiwa kabusha izindonga zaseJerusalema [kule ezingama-20th Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita] nguNehemiya. U-Eliashib futhi wasiza ekwakheni kabusha izindonga, ngakho-ke wayeyodinga ukuba yinsizwa, ekwanele ukwenza umsebenzi onzima odingekayo. Ezixazululweni zezwe u-Eliashib wayezobe esondela ku-80 noma ngaphezulu ngalesi sikhathi.
Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngaphansi kwezixazululo ezivamile zezwe.
UJosephus ukhuluma ngo-Eliashib waba Umpristi Ophakeme ngasekupheleni kwabangu-7th Unyaka kaXerxes, futhi lokhu kungenzeka ngaphansi kwesixazululo sezwe.[Ii]
Joyada
Joyada, indodana ka-Eliyashibi, wayekhonza njengomPristi Ophakeme ngesikhathi seminyaka engama-33rd Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita. UNehemiya 13:28 ukhuluma ngoJoyada umpristi oMkhulu waba nendodana eyaba ngumkhwenyana kaSanibalati umHoroni. Umongo kaNehemiya 13: 6 ukhombisa ukuthi lesi kwakuyinkathi ngemuva kokubuya kukaNehemiya eBhabhiloni e-32nd Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita. Isikhathi esingashiwongo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uNehemiya wacela enye ikhefu lokungabikho futhi waphinda wabuyela eJerusalema lapho lo mbuso wezindaba utholwa. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokuba noJoiada njengoMpristi Ophakeme ngalesi sikhathi kwizisombululo zezwe bekungamfaka eminyakeni engama-70 ngalesi sikhathi.
NjengakwaJohanani, iminyaka ayeyodinga ukuyiphila nayo, ukulingana nokulandelana kwezwe kungenzeka.
Johanani
IJohanan, indodana kaJoada, (okungenzeka ukuthi uJohane, kuJosephus) akukhulunywa ngaye nganoma yini emibhalweni, eminye emugqeni wokulandelana (uNehemiya 12:22). Ubizwa ngokuhlukile njengeJehohanaFor kungenzeka ukuthi uJohanan noJaddua bagcwalise igebe elishiywe phakathi kukaJoyiada kuze kube yilapho u-Alexander the Great ebafuna ukuthi babe yindodana eyizibulo ngokwesilinganiso semiphunga yeminyaka engama-45 futhi bobathathu, uJoada, uJohanan noJaddua. ukuze baphile intando phakathi kwabo 80.
Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu.
I-Jaddua
I-Jaddua, indodana kaJohanani kukhulunywa ngayo nguJosephus njengoMphristi oMkhulu ngesikhathi sikaDariyu inkosi yokugcina [yasePheresiya], obizwa ngokuthi “uDariyu umPheresiya” kuNehemiya 12:22. Uma ngabe lesi sabelo esilungile-ke kulesixazululo uDarius umPheresiya angaba uDarius III wezixazululo zezwe.
NjengakwaJohanani, iminyaka ayeyodinga ukuyiphila nayo, ukulingana nokulandelana kwezwe kungenzeka.
Umugqa Ophelele WabaPristi Abakhulu
Uhlu lomPristi Ophakeme wozalo Kutholakala kuNehemiya 12: 10-11, 22 ekhuluma ngomugqa wabapristi abakhulu, oJeshua, uJoyakimi, u-Eliyashibi, uJoyada, uJohanani noJaddua njengabangaphansi ebukhosini bukaDariyusi wasePheresiya (hhayi uDariyo Omkhulu / Wokuqala) .
Isikhathi esiphelele ngokulandelana kwezikhathi zezwe nezenkolo zebhayibheli phakathi kwe-1st Unyaka kaKoresi no-Alexander the Great behlula uDarius III ngu-538 BC kuya ku-330 BC. Lokhu kufinyelela iminyaka engama-208 kube nabapristi abaPhezulu abayi-6 kuphela. Lokhu kungasho isizukulwane esimaphakathi esiyiminyaka engama-35, kanti isizukulwane esivamile ikakhulukazi ngaleso sikhathi sasifana kakhulu neminyaka engama-20-25, umehluko omkhulu kakhulu. Ukuthatha ubude besizukulwane esivamile kunganikeza cishe iminyaka engama-120-150 umehluko weminyaka ethile engama-58-88.
Kulaba abangu-6, abaneth, UJoyiada, ubesevele ekhonza njengomPristi oMkhulu ezungeze abangu-32nd Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita I. Ngalesi sikhathi uJoyada wayesenesihlobo, uThobiya umAmoni, yena noSanibalati, wayengomunye wabaphikisi abakhulu bamaJuda. Ekubuyeleni kukaNehemiya kwaJuda, waxosha uThobiya. Lokho kunika iminyaka ecishe ibe yi-109 okuseleyo kwe-4th UmPristi Ophakeme kuye ku-6th Abaphristi Abaphakeme, (okulingana nabapristi abaPhakeme aba-2.5 cishe) nabaphristi bokuqala abaPhezulu abahlala ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-3. Lesi simo esingathandeki kakhulu.
Ukwazi ukufanela abaPristi abaPhakeme besikhathi sePheresiya ngokulandelana kwezikhathi zezwe okusekelwe ekucashungeni emibhalweni nokuba ubuncane besikhathi seminyaka engama-20 phakathi kokuzalwa kukababa nokuzalwa kwendodana kwenza iminyaka engalindeleki. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-20th Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita I.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso sesizukulwane kwesinye isikhathi sasiseduze kweminyaka engama-20-25, sineminyaka yokuqala yendodana yokuqala (noma eyokuqala esindayo) ngokuvamile ineminyaka engaba ngu-18-21 ubudala, hhayi isilinganiso seminyaka engama-35 esidingekayo ngokulandelana kwezikhathi zezwe.
Ngokusobala isimo esijwayelekile asenzi mqondo.
7. Izinkinga Zokulandelana KwamaKhosi WamaMede NamaPheresiya
U-Ezra 4: 5-7 ubhala okulandelayo: “ukuqasha abeluleki ukuba babhidlize iseluleko sabo zonke izinsuku zikaKoresi inkosi yasePheresiya kuze kube sekubuseni kukaDariyu inkosi yasePheresiya. 6 Futhi ekubuseni kuka-Ahashiveroshi, ekuqaleni kokubusa kwakhe, babhala isimangalo ngokumelene nabakhileyo kwaJuda naseJerusalema. 7 Futhi, ezinsukwini zika-Aritahishashita, uBishlam, uMithireti, uThabeli nabanye bonke ababebambisene nabo babhalela u-Aritahishashita inkosi yasePheresiya ”.
Kwakunezinkinga ekwakhiweni kabusha kwethempeli kusuka kuKoresi kuye kuDariyu inkosi enkulu yasePheresiya.
- Ingabe izinkinga ekubuseni kuka-Ahashiveroshi no-Aritahishashita kwenzeka phakathi nesikhathi sikaKoresi kuya kuDariyu noma ngemuva kwalokho?
- Ingabe lo Ahashiveroshi uyefana no-Ahashiveroshi ka-Esteri?
- Ingabe lo Dariyasi kufanele akhonjwe njengoDarius I (Hystapes), noma uDariyu owalandela, njengoDariyu wasePheresiya ngesikhathi / ngemuva kwesikhathi sikaNehemiya? (UNehemiya 12:22).
- Ngabe lo Aritahishashita uyefana no-Aritahishashita kaEzra 7 kuqhubeke noNehemiya?
Yonke le yimibuzo edinga ukulungiswa okwanelisayo.
8. Inkinga ngokuqhathaniswa kwabaPristi namaLevi abuya noZerubabele nalabo abasayine isivumelwano noNehemiya
UNehemiya 12: 1-9 uqopha Abapristi namaLevi abuyela kwaJuda noZerubabele ku-1st Unyaka kaKoresi. UNehemiya 10: 2-10 uqopha abaPristi namaLevi abasayina isivumelwano phambi kukaNehemiya, okukhulunywa ngaye lapha njengoTherata (Umbusi) okungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeka ku-20th Noma i-21st Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita. Kubukeka sengathi ngumcimbi ofanayo njengoba kushiwo ku-Ezra 9 & 10 owenzeke ngemuva kwemicimbi yabangu-7th unyaka ka-Aritahishashita oqoshwe kuEzra 8.
| 1st Unyaka kaKoresi | 20th / 21st I-Aritahishashita |
| UNehemiya 12: 1-9 | UNehemiya 10: 1-13 |
| NginoZerubhabhele noJeshua | UNehemiya njengoMbusi |
| IZINSELELE | IZINSELELE |
| UZedekiya | |
| USeraya | USeraya |
| U-Azariya | |
| UJeremiya | UJeremiya |
| Ezra | |
| UPashur | |
| U-Amariya | U-Amariya |
| UMalchijah | |
| UHatushi | UHatushi |
| UShebaniya | |
| UMaluch | UMaluch |
| UShekaniya | |
| Rehum | |
| IHarimi | |
| UMeremoth | UMeremoth |
| Ido | |
| Obadiya | |
| Daniel | |
| UGinnethoi | Ginnethon? ukufanisa uGinnethoi |
| UBharuki | |
| Meshullam? indodana kaGinnethon (UNehemiya 12:16) | |
| U-Abhiya | U-Abhiya |
| I-Mijamin | I-Mijamin |
| UMaadiah | UMahaziya? aqondane noMadiah |
| I-Bilgah | Biliga? ifanisa uBilgah |
| UShemaya | UShemaya |
| Joyarib | |
| UJedaiah | |
| USallu | |
| Amok | |
| UHilkiah | |
| UJedaiah | |
| Ingqikithi: abangama-22 kubo abangama-12 ababesaphila ngo-20-21st unyaka u-Aritahishashita | Ingqikithi: 22 |
| AMALEVITI | AMALEVITI |
| UJeshuwa | UJeshua indodana ka-Azaniya |
| I-Binnui | I-Binnui |
| Kadmiel | Kadmiel |
| UShebaniya | |
| UJuda | |
| UMathaniya | |
| I-Bakbukiah | |
| Uni | |
| UHodiah | |
| UKelita | |
| UPhelaiah | |
| UHanani | |
| Mica | |
| URehobe | |
| UHashabiya | |
| UZaccur | |
| USherebiah | USherebiah |
| UShebaniya | |
| UHodiah | |
| UBani | |
| UBeninu | |
| Ingqikithi: abayi-8 kubo abangama-4 ababesekhona lapho abangama-20th -21st unyaka ka-Aritahishashita | Ingqikithi: 17 |
| ? match = Cishe umuntu ofanayo, kodwa igama linokuhlukahluka okuncane kwesipelingi, imvamisa ukwengeza noma ukulahleka kwencwadi eyodwa - ngokunokwenzeka ngamaphutha wokukopisha umbhalo wesandla. |
Uma sithatha ama-21st unyaka ka-Aritahishashita ukuba abe ngu-Aritahishashita I, lokho kusho ukuthi kwabangu-16 kwabangu-30 ababuya ekudingisweni e-1st unyaka kaKoresi wayesaphila eminyakeni engama-95 kamuva (uKoresi 9 + Cambyses 8 + Darius 36 + Xerxes 21 + Artaxerxes 21). Njengoba bonke kungenzeka ukuthi babeneminyaka okungenani engama-20 ukuba babe ngabaphristi obezobenza babe neminyaka engaphansi kwengu-115 kwabangu-21st unyaka ka-Aritahishashita I.
Ngokusobala lokhu akunakwenzeka.
9. Igebe elineminyaka engama-57 ekulandiseni okuphakathi kukaEzra 6 no-Ezra 7
Ukulandisa okukuEzra 6:15 kunikeza usuku luka-3rd usuku lwe-12th Inyanga (Adar) kwezingu-6th Unyaka kaDariyu wokuqedwa kweThempeli.
Ukulandisa okukuEzra 6:19 kunikeza usuku luka-14th usuku lwe-1st Inyanga (Nisan), yokugcinwa kwePhasika (usuku olujwayelekile), futhi kunengqondo ukuphetha kubhekisa ku-7th Unyaka kaDariyu futhi kwakuzoba izinsuku ezingama-40 kuphela kamuva.
Ukulandisa okukuEzra 6:14 kubhala ukuthi amaJuda abuya “Wakha futhi wayiqeda ngenxa yomyalo kaNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli nangenxa yomyalo kaKoresi noDariyo futhi U-Aritha · xerxes inkosi yasePheresiya ”.
Njengoba u-Ezra 6: 14 ehunyushwa njengamanje kwi-NWT nakwezinye izinguqulo zeBhayibheli kukhombisa ukuthi u-Aritahishashita wakhipha isimemezelo sokuthi kuqeda iThempeli. Kungcono, ukuthatha le Artaxerxes ukuba yi-Artaxerxes yezwe I, kungasho ukuthi iThempeli aliphothulwanga kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20th Unyaka noNehemiya, eminyakeni engaba ngu-57 kamuva. Kodwa-ke ukulandisa kwebhayibheli lapha kuEzra kwenza kucace ukuthi ithempeli laqedwa ekugcineni kwe-6th unyaka futhi bekungaphakamisa ukuthi imihlatshelo yasungulwa ekuqaleni komhla we-7 kaDariyu.
Ukulandisa okukuEzra 7:8 kunikeza usuku luka-5th inyanga ye-7th Unyaka kepha unikeza iKosi njengo-Artaxerxes We, ngakho-ke, sinesikhala esikhulu kakhulu esingachazeki emlandweni olandisayo. Umlando wezwe unoDarius I obusa njengeNkosi eminye iminyaka engama-30, (iminyaka engaba ngu-36) elandelwa uXerxes ngeminyaka engama-21 elandelwa ngu-Artaxerxes I ngeminyaka engu-6 yokuqala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzoba negebe leminyaka engama-57 ngaleso sikhathi u-Ezra azokuba neminyaka eyi-130. Ukwemukela ukuthi ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi sonke nalesi sikhathi esidala esingakholeki, u-Ezra kuphela ke unquma ukuhola ukubuya kwamaLevi namanye amaJuda abuyela kwaJuda, yize iThempeli manje selibe seliqediwe impilo yabantu abaningi edlule, lenza ukungathembeki. Abanye baphetha ngokuthi uDarius I wabusa iminyaka eyi-6 noma engu-7 kuphela, ukuthi unyaka wokubusa omkhulu oshiwo embhalweni, kepha ubufakazi be-cuneiform buyaphikisana nalokhu. Empeleni, uDarius I ungomunye wabafakazelwa kahle kunabo bonke ababusi basePheresiya.
Bheka futhi isimo sikaEzra kuEzra 7:10 "Ngoba u-Ezra ngokwakhe wayeyilungisile inhliziyo yakhe ukuba ahlole umthetho kaJehova futhi awenze futhi afundise umthetho nokulunga kwa-Israyeli". U-Ezra wayefuna ukufundisa abathunjiwe umthetho kaJehova. Lokho kwakudingeka ngokushesha lapho iThempeli seliqediwe futhi kwenziwa neminikelo kabusha, hhayi ngemuva kokulibaziseka kweminyaka engama-57.
Ngokusobala lokhu akunakwenzeka.
10. Ukuqoshwa kukaJosephus nokulandelana kwamaKhosi asePheresiya - Umehluko kwizisombululo zamanje nezenkolo, nombhalo weBhayibheli.
Ngokusho kwezazi zezwe, kunezinkinga eziningi ngokunemba kwama-akhawunti kaJosephus ku-Antiquities of the Jewish. Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele sibukhiphe ngaphandle kobufakazi bakhe. Unikeza umlando olandelayo wamakhosi ayi-6 asePheresiya:
UKoresi
Umlando kaJosephus ngoKoresi muhle. Inamaphuzu amaningi amancane aqinisekisa ukulandisa kweBhayibheli, njengoba sizobona kamuva ochungechungeni lwethu.
AmaCambyses
UJosephus unikeza i-akhawunti efanayo naleyo etholakala kuEzra 4: 7-24, kepha ngomehluko wencwadi ethunyelwe eCambyses, kanti iKosi ngemuva kukaKoresi kuEzra 4 ibizwa nge-Artaxerxes. Bheka i-Antiquities of the Jewish - Incwadi i-XI, Isahluko 2, isigaba 1-2.[Iii]
UDariyu Omkhulu
UJosephus uthi iKing Darius ibuse eNdiya iye e-Ethiopia futhi yayinezifundazwe eziyi-127.[Iv] Kodwa-ke, kuEsteri 1: 1-3, le ncazelo isetshenziswa enkosini u-Ahashiveroshi. Ubuye futhi akhulume ngoZerubhabheli njengombusi futhi wayenobungane noDariyu, ngaphambi kokuba uDariyu abe yinkosi. [V]
Ama-Xerxes
UJosephus urekhoda ukuthi uJoacim (Joiakimi) ungumPristi oMkhulu kuXerxes 7th unyaka. Ubuye aqophe uEzra njengoba ebuyela kwaJuda kuXerxes 7th ngonyaka.[vi] Kodwa-ke, u-Ezra 7: 7 uqopha lo mcimbi njengawenzeka kwabayi-7th unyaka ka-Aritahishashita.
UJosephus uthi futhi izindonga zaseJerusalema zakhiwa kabusha phakathi kwabangu-25th unyaka weXerxes kuya ku-28th Unyaka kaXerxes. Ukulandelana kwezikhathi kwezwe kunika amaXerxes ingqikithi yeminyaka engama-21. Futhi mhlawumbe, okubaluleke kakhulu, uNehemiya uqopha ukulungiswa kwezindonga zaseJerusalema njengokwenzeka ku-20th Unyaka ka-Aritahishashita.
I-Aritahishashita (I)
Yaziwa nangokuthi uKoresi ngokusho kukaJosephus. Ubuye athi kwakungu-Aritahishashita owashada no-Esteri, kanti iningi namuhla likhomba u-Ahashiveroshi wasebhayibhelini noXerxes.[vii] UJosephus okhomba lo Artaxerxes (u-Artaxerxes I womlando wezwe) njengoba eshada no-Esiteri, ezinkingeni zezwe ubengeke akwazi ukwenzeka njengoba lokhu bekuzosho ukuthi u-Esteri washada neNkosi yasePheresiya eminyakeni engaba ngu-81-82 emva kokuwa kweBabele. Noma u-Esteri engazalwanga kuze kube ukubuya ekudingisweni, ngokusekelwe kuMoridekayieneminyaka engaba ngu-20 ngalesi sikhathi, wayezobe eseneminyaka engama-60 ubudala ngesikhathi somshado wakhe ngalesi sisekelo. Lokhu impela kuyinkinga.
UDariyu (II)
NgokukaJosephus, lo Darius wayengumlandeli ka-Aritahishashita nenkosi yokugcina yasePheresiya, ehlulwa ngu-Alexander the Great.[viii]
UJosephus uthi futhi iSanballat endala (elinye igama eliyisihluthulelo) yafa ngesikhathi sokuvinjezelwa iGaza, ngu-Alexander the Great.[ix][X]
Alexander the Great
Emva kokushona kuka-Alexander the Great, uJaddua umPristi Ophezulu washona kwathi u-Onias indodana yakhe waba Umpristi Ophakeme.[xi]
Lo mbhalo wokuhlolwa kokuqala ngokucacile awuhambisani ukulandelana kwezwe okukhona manje futhi unikeza amaKhosi ahlukene ngemicimbi ebalulekile njengokuthi u-Esteri washada nobani, futhi owayeyiNkosi ngenkathi kwakhiwa kabusha izindonga zaseJerusalema. Ngenkathi uJosephus ebhala iminyaka engaba ngu-300-400 kamuva ayibhekwa njengethembekile njengebhayibheli, okwakungumlando wezehlakalo ezenzekile, noma kunjalo kungukudla komcabango.
Izinkinga okufanele zibhekwe uma kungenzeka
11. Inkinga yokuqanjwa kwe-Apocrypha yamaKhosi asePheresiya ku 1 no-2 ama-Esdras
U-Esdras 3: 1-3 ufundeka ngokuthi “Inkosi uDariyu yenza idili elikhulu kubo bonke ababalwayo, nakubo bonke abazalelwe endlini yakhe, nakuzo zonke izikhulu zakwaMediya, nabasePheresiya, nakuzo zonke izikhulu, nezikhulu, nababusi ababephansi kwakhe, bethabathela eIndiya, besa e-Etiyopiya, ezifundazweni eziyikhulu namashumi amabili nesikhombisa ”.
Lokhu kucishe kufane namavesi okuqala ka-Esteri 1: 1-3 athi: "Kwathi ngezinsuku zika-Ahashiveroshi, lowo Ahashiveroshi owayebusa njengenkosi esuka eNdiya eya e-Etiyopiya, phezu kwezifunda eziyikhulu namashumi amabili nesikhombisa…. Ngonyaka wesithathu wokubusa kwakhe waba nedili kuzo zonke izikhulu zakhe nezinceku zakhe, amabutho asePheresiya nabezindaba, nezikhulu kanye nezikhulu zezifunda zombuso phambi kwakhe.
U-Esteri 13: 1 (I-Apocrypha) iyafunda “Manje yilesi siyikhophi yencwadi: Inkosi enkulu u-Aritahishashita ubhala lezi zinto kubabusi bezifundazwe eziyikhulu namashumi amabili nesikhombisa kusukela eNdiya kuya e-Ethiopia nakwababusi ababekwe phansi kwabo.”. Kukhona amagama afanayo ku-Esteri 16: 1.
Lezi ndima ku-Apocryphal Esteri zinikeza u-Aritahishashita njengenkosi esikhundleni sika-Ahashiveroshi njengenkosi ka-Esteri. Futhi, i-Apocryphal Esdras ikhomba iKing Darius isebenza ngendlela efanayo neNkosi u-Ahashiveroshi ku-Esteri. Futhi, okufanele kuphawulwe iqiniso lokuthi kwakukhona ngaphezu kuka-Ahashiveroshi oyedwa, njengoba ekhonjwa njengo "U-Ahashiveroshi owayebusa njengenkosi esuka eNdiya eya e-Ethiopia, ngaphezu kwezifunda eziyi-127."
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12. Ubufakazi be-Septuagint (LXX)
Ehlelweni le-Septuagint leNcwadi ka-Esteri, sithola ukuthi iKosi ibizwa ngokuthi u-Aritahishashita kuno-Ahashiveroshi.
Ngokwesibonelo, U-Esteri 1: 1 ufundeka ngokuthi “Ngonyaka wesibili wokubusa kuka-Aritahishashita inkosi enkulu, ngosuku lokuqala lukaNisan, uMardochaeus indodana kaJariyasi,…. "Kwathi emva kwalezi zinto ngezinsuku zika-Aritahishashita, (le Artaxerxes yabusa izifundazwe eziyikhulu namashumi amabili nesikhombisa zaseNdiya)".
Encwadini yeSeptuagint kaEzra, sithola i- “Assuerus” esikhundleni sika-Ahashiveroshi wombhalo wamaMasorete, kanye ne- “Arthasastha” esikhundleni se-Artaxerxes yombhalo weMasorete. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwehluka ngesiNgisi kuphakathi kwenguqulo yegama lesiGrikhi nenguqulo yesiHeberu yegama.
Ukulandisa okukuEzra 4: 6-7 kukhulunywa Kepha ekubuseni kuka-Asuwerosi, ekuqaleni kokubusa kwakhe, babhala incwadi, beya kubemi bakwaYuda naseYerusalem. Futhi ezinsukwini zika-Arthasastha, uTabeel wabhala ngokuthula kuMithradates nakwabanye abasebenza nabo: umthelisi wentela wabhalela u-Arthasastha inkosi yamaPheresiya ebhala ngolimi lwaseSyria ”.
I-Septuagint kaEzra 7: 1 iqukethe i-Arthasastha esikhundleni se-Artaxerxes yombhalo weMasorete futhi ifundeka ngokuthi “Kwathi emva kwalezizinto, ekubuseni kuka-Arthasastha, inkosi yamaPheresiya, kwenyuka uEsras, unyana kaSarayias,
Kunjalo nangoNehemiya 2: 1 othi:Kwathi ngenyanga kaNisan ngonyaka wamashumi amabili wenkosi u-Arthasastha, iwayini laliphambi kwami:
Inguqulo ye-Septuagint kaEzra isebenzisa uDarius ezindaweni ezifanayo nombhalo wamaMasorete.
Isibonelo, incwadi kaEzra 4:24 iyafundeka “Wawuyeka-ke umsebenzi wendlu kaNkulunkulu eJerusalema, wema ngaze kwaba ngumnyaka wesibili wokubusa kukaDariyu inkosi yamaPheresiya.” (I-Septuagint version).
Isiphetho:
Ezincwadini zeSeptuagint zikaEzra nezikaNehemiya, i-Arthasastha ilingana ngokufana ne-Aritahishashita ne-Assuerus ngokulandelana elilingana no-Ahashiveroshi. Kodwa-ke, iSeptuagint Esteri, okungenzeka ukuthi yahunyushwa umhumushi ohlukile kumhumushi kaEzra noNehemiya, ngokungaguquki ine-Artaxerxes esikhundleni sika-Ahashiveroshi embhalweni weMasorete. UDarius utholakala ngokulandelana emibhalweni emibili yeSeptuagint neMasorete.
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13. Izinkinga Zokubhala Ezizimele zingaxazululwa
Umbhalo we-A3Pa ufundeka kanjena: “Inkosi enkulu u-Aritahishashita [III], inkosi yamakhosi, inkosi yamazwe, inkosi yalomhlaba, ithi: Ngiyindodana yenkosi I-Aritahishashita [II Mnemon]. U-Aritahishashita wayeyindodana yenkosi Darius [II Nothus]. UDariyu wayeyindodana yenkosi I-Aritahishashita [Mina]. U-Aritahishashita wayeyindodana yenkosi uXerxes. UXerxes wayeyindodana yenkosi uDariyu [Omkhulu]. UDariyu wayeyindodana yomuntu ogama lakhe Ama-Hystaspes. UHystaspes wayeyindodana yomuntu ogama lakhe Amagama, lo I-Achaemenid. "[xii]
Lokhu okubhaliwe kuzobonisa ukuthi kwakukhona ama-Aritahishashita amabili ngemuva kukaDarius II. Lokhu kudinga ukuqinisekiswa ukuthi le nguqulo 'njengoba injalo' ngaphandle kokuhunyushwa okufanele ibe [kubakaki]. Phawula futhi nezincazelo ezinikezwe ukubalwa kwamakhosi emhlabeni [kubakaki] isb [II Mnemon] njengoba zingekho embhalweni wokuqala, ukubalwa kuyisabelo sezazi-mlando zanamuhla sokucacisa.
Umbhalo futhi udinga ukuqinisekiswa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi okubhaliwe akuyona inkohliso yesimanjemanje futhi empeleni akukho mbhalo wasendulo noma ongewona owesimanje. Izinto zakudala eziyindida, ngesimo sezinto zakudala eziyiqiniso, kepha okubhalwe phansi noma okokuqamba okuqanjiwe okubhaliwe kuyinkinga ekhulayo emhlabeni womvubukuli. Ngezinto ezithile, kuye kwafakazelwa nokuthi babefakiwe ngezikhathi zomlando, ngakho-ke kufanele bakhethwe ofakazi abaningi emcimbini noma eqinisweni futhi abavela emithonjeni ehlukene abazimele.
Imvamisa, imibhalo ebhalwe ngezingxenye ezilahlekile zombhalo [i-lacunae] iqedwa kusetshenziswa ukuqonda okukhona. Naphezu kwalokhu kucaciswa okubalulekile, yizihumusho ezimbalwa kuphela zamathebula we-cuneiform nemibhalo ekhombisa ukuhunyushwa [kubakaki], iningi alikwenzi. Lokhu kuphumela kumbhalo ongahle udukise njengesisekelo sokuhumusha kudinga ukwethenjwa kakhulu endaweni yokuqala ukuze kube ukutolika okunembile esikhundleni sokuqanjwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lokhu kungaholela ekucabangeni okuyindilinga, lapho umbhalo uhunyushwa khona ngokuya ngokuqonda okuqondwayo bese kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqonda okuqondwayo, okungenakuvunyelwa ukukwenza. Mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhalo eminingi namathebulethi amaningi ane-lacunae [izingxenye ezilimele] ngenxa yobudala kanye nesimo sokulondolozwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhumusha okunembayo ngaphandle kwe- [translate] kuyatholakala.
Ngesikhathi sokubhala (ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2020) okuwukuphela kwemininingwane etholakele ukuthi ihlolwe, lo mbhalo ubonakala ubukeka njengeqiniso. Uma kuyiqiniso, lokhu-ke, kungabonakala njengokuqinisekisa uhlu lwamakhosi okungenani ku-Artaxerxes III, kushiya uDarius III no-Artaxerxes IV kuphela ababalwayo. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukukuqinisekisa nganoma yimaphi amaphilisi we-cuneiform ngalesi sikhathi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi okubhaliwe akubhalwanga. Usuku okwenziwe ngalo alufakazeleki kalula njengoba kungekho kufakwa kulo umbhalo uqobo futhi ngenxa yalokho-ke, kungaba umbhalo kamuva osuselwa kwidatha enephutha, noma isimanga samuva kakhulu. Imibhalo engekho emthethweni namacwecwe e-cuneiform abekhona kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka eyi-1700s lapho i-Archaeology esesimweni sayo sosana iqala ukuthola ukuthandwa nokwamukelwa. Ngakho-ke kuyangabazeka ukuthi umuntu angabeka ukwethemba okungakanani kulo mbhalo nakwizandla ezimbalwa ezifanayo.
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Uyacelwa ukuthi ubheke Incwajana Yesithasiselo yokutholakala kwe-Cuneiform Tablets yoMbuso WasePheresiya.
14. Isiphetho
Kuze kube manje sesithole okungenani izingqinamba ezinkulu eziyi-12 ngokulandelana kwezinsuku zezwe nokwenkolo. Kunokungabaza okungaba nezinkinga ezincane futhi.
Kuzo zonke lezi zinkinga, siyabona ukuthi kunokuthile okungahambi kahle ngokuqonda kwamanje kwezwe nokwenkolo mayelana noDaniel 9: 24-27. Njengoba kunikezwe ukubaluleka kwalesi siprofetho ekunikezeni ubufakazi bokuthi uJesu wayenguMesiya futhi nokuthi Isiprofetho Sebhayibheli singathembela kuso, ubuqiniso bonke bomlayezo webhayibheli buqalwa phansi. Ngakho-ke, ngeke sikwazi ukungazinaki lezi zinkinga zangempela, ngaphandle kokwenza umzamo omkhulu wokucacisa ukuthi uyini ngempela umyalezo weBhayibheli, nokuthi umlando ungabuyekezwa kanjani noma kanjani.
Ukuzama ukulungisa lezi zingqinamba, Ingxenye 3 & 4 kulolu chungechunge kuzohlola izisekelo zokulandelana kwezikhathi zokwamukela ukuthi uJesu Kristu ngempela wayenguMesiya othenjisiwe. Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukubhekisisa kahle kuDaniel 9: 24-27. Ngokwenza lokhu sizobe sesizama ukwakha uhlaka esizodinga ukusebenza ngalo, oluzosihola futhi lusinikeze izidingo zesisombululo sethu. Ingxenye 5 kuzoqhubeka nokubukelwa phansi kwezenzakalo ezisezincwadini ezisetshenziswayo zebhayibheli nokuhlolwa okugxile kwezici ezahlukahlukene zokulandisa kweBhayibheli. Sizobe sesiphetha le ngxenye ngokwenza isisombululo esaphakanyisiwe.
Ngemuva kwalokho sizoqhubeka nokuhlola ezingxenyeni ezithile 6 futhi 7 ukuthi ikhambi eliphakanyisiwe lingabuyaniswa nemininingwane esebhayibhelini kanye nezingqinamba ebesizitholile kuNgxenye 1 no-2. Ekwenzeni lokhu sizohlola ukuthi singawaqonda kanjani amaqiniso esinawo avela eBhayibhelini nakweminye imithombo, ngaphandle kokungabunaki ubufakazi obungenakuphikiswa futhi bangavumelana kanjani nohlaka lwethu.
Ingxenye 8 izoba nesifingqo esifushane sezinkinga ezibalulekile ezisabonakala nokuthi singazixazulula kanjani.
Kuzoqhutshwa engxenyeni 3….
Ukuze uthole inguqulo enkulu futhi efundekayo yaleli shadi sicela ubone https://drive.google.com/open?id=1gtFKQRMOmOt1qTRtsiH5FOImAy7JbWIm
[i] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 5 v 1
[Ii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 5 v 2,5
[Iii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 2 v 1-2
[Iv] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 3 v 1-2
[V] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 4 v 1-7
[vi] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 5 v 2
[vii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 6 v 1-13
[viii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 7 v 2
[ix] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 8 v 4
[X] Ukuhlolwa kobukhona beSanballat engaphezu kweyodwa sicela uhlole iphepha https://academia.edu/resource/work/9821128 , I-Archaeology neMibhalo kuNkathi yePersia: Gxila eSanballat, nguJan Duseck.
[xi] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf UJosephus, i-Antiquities of the Jewish, Incwadi XI, Isahluko 8 v 7
[xii] https://www.livius.org/sources/content/achaemenid-royal-inscriptions/a3pa/ futhi
“Isichazamazwi sasendulo sasePheresiya nemibhalo yemibhalo yama-Achaemenid ihumushe futhi yahumusha ngokubhekisele ekwenziweni kabusha kwabo kwakamuva,” nguHerbert Cushing Tolman, ngo-1908. uk.42-43 wencwadi (hhayi i-pdf) iqukethe Ukuhumusha nokuhumusha. https://archive.org/details/cu31924026893150/page/n10/mode/2up
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Sawubona umKristu, ngabelana ngemicabango yakho. Ngiyayithokozela nencwadi kaDaniel futhi ngilangazelela ukugcwaliseka kwesiprofetho seBhayibheli. Ngesinye isikhathi mhlawumbe ngizobukeza yonke imininingwane evezwe kulolu chungechunge lwezihloko kepha mhlawumbe ingaphezu kwami nami. Ngiyaneliseka ukuthi uJesu impela wayenguMesiya othenjisiwe futhi nami uqobo angisiboni isidingo sokuziqinisekisa ngalokho noma ngokuthembeka kwebhayibheli. Ngisezinhlelweni zokufunda nokutadisha ibhayibheli futhi ngizama ukufunda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngiyakujabulela ukucabangisisa ngemibhalo... Funda kabanzi "
Ngiyabonga uChristian kanye neNew Englander, ngivumelana neziphetho zakho. Kubukeka kimi ukuthi lapho sithola okuningi esingakuqondi, kunengozi yangempela yokuthi sigcina sihlehlise ukholo lwethu, okuthile enye iNhlangano esivele ikwazile ukufeza thina. Kunezimpendulo ezicacile, kodwa angazi ukuthi zikuphi futhi zikuphi. Mhlawumbe enye yencwadi kaDaniel yabhalwa ngemuva kwalokho, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izincazelo nje azibonakali zilungile, akusona isizathu sokulahla yonke incwadi. Kuzofanele silinde futhi... Funda kabanzi "
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Sawubona Mkristu, nami angiqondi izinto eziningi futhi angikwesabi ukuvele ngithi, “Angazi”. Ukujula kolwazi lweBhayibheli kukhulu kakhulu, futhi ukuqonda kwami okungaphelele komzimba wami ongaphelele kulinganiselwe. Kungakho ngihlala ngikhumbula lokho uPawula akubhala ku-1 Kor 13:12: „Ngoba manje sibona esibukweni kalufifi, kepha lapho sobukana ubuso nobuso. Manje sengiyazi ngokwengxenye; lapho-ke ngizokwazi ngokuphelele, njengoba nje ngaziwa ngokuphelele. "NgokukaPaul: Angikwazi ukwazi konke, kodwa ngaziwa ngokuphelele - futhi lokho... Funda kabanzi "
Isizinda sakho sithumela umlingisi we-Dieu et de l'enseignement du Christ. 2 Pierre 2: 1/3 “Cependant, il ya eu aussi de faux prophètes parmi le peuple, et de même il y aura parmi vous de faux enseignants. Ceux-ci introduiront secrètement des courants dissidents destructer, et ils iront jusqu'à renier le propriétaire qui les a achetés, ce qui leur vaudra une uharibifu rapide. 2 Beaucoup adopteront leur conduite indigne et effrontée, et à cause d'eux on parlera en mal du chemin de la vérité. 3 De plus, ils vous exploiteront avidement par des paroles trompeuses ”Je ne peux... Funda kabanzi "
Umbono wakho ngesimo sobudlelwano phakathi kukaJesu noJohane ungenye yezinto ezenyanyekayo engake ngazifunda. Ngikuthola kuyilahla futhi ngethemba ukuthi u-Eric uyakususa. Uyacelwa ukuthi wenze amaKhristu eqiniso akulesi siza ukuthi awuhlwithe enye indawo.
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