Isiprofetho sikaMesiya sikaDaniel 9: 24-27 - Ingxenye 3

Ukuhlobanisa Isiprofetho SikaMesiya SikaDaniyeli 9: 24-27 Nomlando Wezwe

Ukusungula Izisekelo Zesixazululo

A.      Isingeniso

Ukuthola noma yiziphi izixazululo ezinkingeni esizichazile ezingxenyeni 1 no-2 zochungechunge lwethu, okokuqala sidinga ukusungula izisekelo ezithile lapho kufanele sisebenze khona, ngaphandle kwalokho, imizamo yethu yokwenza umqondo wesiprofetho sikaDaniel kuzoba nzima kakhulu, uma kungenzeki.

Ngakho-ke, kudingeka silandele isakhiwo noma indlela. Lokhu kufaka nokwazi iphuzu lokuqala lesiprofetho sikaDaniel uma kungenzeka. Ukuze sikwazi ukukwenza lokhu nganoma yisiphi isiqiniseko seqiniso, kudingeka futhi sazi ukuthi isiphelo sesiprofetho sakhe sinembile kangakanani. Ngemuva kwalokho sizobe sesisungule uhlaka okufanele sisebenze kulo. Lokhu, kuzosisiza nesixazululo sethu.

Ngakho-ke sizobhekisisa umbhalo kaDaniel 9 ngaphambi kokuqhubekela phambili ukuthola isiphetho sama-70 ayisikhombisa, kufaka phakathi ukubheka kafushane usuku lokuzalwa kukaJesu. Sizobe sesihlola abazongenela ukuqala kwesiprofetho. Sizobuye sihlole kafushane ukuthi yisiphi isiprofetho esikhuluma ngaso futhi, noma ngabe yizinsuku, amasonto, izinyanga, noma iminyaka. Lokhu kuzosinikeza uhlaka lohlaka.

Ukugcwalisa uhlaka lolu sizobe sesisungula umugqa oqondile wezehlakalo ezincwadini zikaEzra, uNehemiya no-Esteri, kuze kufike lapho kungabonakala khona ekuqaleni. Sizokuphawula lokhu ngezinsuku ezilinganayo ngokusebenzisa igama leKosi kanye ne-regnal ngonyaka / inyanga, njengamanje kulesi sigaba sidinga ukuthobana kwazo nezinye izinsuku zomcimbi kunokuba kube nosuku olufana nolwekhalenda losuku lwanamuhla, inyanga nonyaka.

Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu okufanele ulikhumbule ukuthi ukulandelana kwezikhathi kwezwe okusekelwe cishe kusekelwe ngokuphelele kulokho kwe UClaudius Ptolemy,[i] isazi sezinkanyezi nesazi sezikhathi ezihlala ku-2^nd I-Century AD, phakathi kuka-c.100AD kuya ku-c.170AD, phakathi kweminyaka engama-70 nengama-130 ngemuva ukuqala kwenkonzo kaKristu yasemhlabeni. Lokhu sekudlule iminyaka engama-400 kudlule emhlabeni owokugcina wamaKhosi asePheresiya kulandela ukunqotshwa ngu-Alexander the Great. Ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwezinkinga okutholwe ngazo mayelana nokwamukela ukulandelana kwezikhathi zomlando sicela ubheke kule ncwadi ewusizo enesihloko “Ukulandelana Kwezikhathi ZeBhayibheli Zebhayibheli” [Ii].

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthi siqale ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba kube unyaka owodwa wekhalenda iKosi ethile eza esihlalweni sobukhosi noma kwenzeka umcimbi, sidinga ukusungula amapharamitha ethu. Indawo enengqondo yokuqalisa yindawo yokugcina ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzela emuva. Umcimbi ususondele kakhulu esikhathini sethu samanje, ngokuvamile kuba lula ukuthola amaqiniso. Ngokwengeziwe, sidinga ukubona ukuthi singakwazi ukuthola iphuzu lokuqala ngokusebenza emuva kusukela ekugcineni.

B.      Ukuhlolwa Okuseduze kombhalo kaDaniel 9: 24-27

Kubalulekile ukuhlola umbhalo wesiHeberu kaDaniel 9 njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi amagama athile ahunyushwe nentshisekelo ekuhumusheni okukhona. Kuyasiza nokuthola ukunambitheka kwencazelo ephelele futhi kugwema nokuhunyushwa okunciphise kakhulu kwanoma yiliphi igama elithile.

Umongo kaDaniel 9: 24-27

Umongo wanoma iyiphi indinyana yombhalo ubalulekile ekusizeni ukuqonda kweqiniso. Umbono lo wenzeka "Ngonyaka wokuqala kaDariyu indodana ka-Ahashiveroshi wenzalo yamaMede ebekwe inkosi yamaKaledi." (Daniyeli 9: 1).[Iii] Kufanele sazi ukuthi lo Dariyusi wayeyinkosi yamaKhaladiya, hhayi amaMede namaPheresiya, futhi wayenziwe inkosi, okusho inkosi ephakeme ayikhonzayo futhi ayimisile. Lokhu bekuzosusa uDarius the Great (I) othathe ubukhosi bamaMede namaPheresiya uqobo futhi ngaleyo ndlela obunye ubukhosi babukhosi obusezingeni eliphansi noma abaphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uDarius the Great wayengum-Achaemenid, umPheresiya, yena kanye nenzalo yakhe ababeyimemezela njalo.

UDariyu 5:30 uyaqinisekisa “Ngabo lobo busuku uBelishasari inkosi yamaKaledi wabulawa, uDariyu umMede wawamukela umbuso, eneminyaka engaba ngamashumi ayisithupha nambili. ” futhi uDaniel 6 unikeza ukulandisa kwalowo nyaka wokuqala (futhi kuphela) kaDariyu, uphetha ngoDaniel 6:28,lo Daniyeli waphumelela embusweni kaDariyu nasembusweni kaKoresi wasePheresiya ”.

Ngonyaka wokuqala kaDariyu umMede, "Daniyeli, waqonda ezincwadini isibalo seminyaka leyo izwi likaJehova elafika ngayo kuJeremiya umprofethi, ukuze kugcwaliswe ukucekelwa phansi kweJerusalema, iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa." (Daniyeli 9: 2).[Iv]

[Ukucatshangelwa kabanzi ngale ndima kaDaniel 9: 1-4 kumongo wawo, sicela ubheke "Uhambo Lokuthola Isikhathi Sonke ”[V]].

[Ukubukisisa kabanzi ubufakazi bokuthi ubukhona kumarekhodi we-cuneiform womuntu okhonjwa njengoDarius umMede, sicela ubheke izinkomba ezilandelayo: UDariyu umMede uyaphinda futhi [vi] , Futhi Ugbaru nguDarius umMede [vii]

Ngenxa yalokho, uDaniel wabhekisa ubuso bakhe kuJehova uNkulunkulu, ngomkhuleko, nokucela, nokuzila ukudla, indwangu yesaka, nomlotha. Emavesini alandelayo, wacela intethelelo egameni lesizwe sakwa-Israyeli. Kuthe esakhuleka, ingelosi uGabriyeli yafika kuye yamtshela “O Daniyeli, manje ngize ukuzokwazisa ngokuqonda” (Daniyeli 9: 22b). Yini ukuqonda nokuqonda okwakulethwa uGabriel? UGabriel uqhubeke wathiNgakho-ke bhekisisa le ndaba futhi uqonde entweni oyibonile ” (Daniyeli 9: 23). Ngemuva kwalokho ingelosi uGabriel iyalandela nesiprofetho esisidingida kuDaniel 9: 24-27.

Ngakho-ke, imaphi amaphuzu abalulekile "cabanga ” futhi Yiba nokuqonda ku ”?

• Lokhu kwenzeka ngonyaka owalandela ukuwa kweBabiloni kuKoresi noDariyu umMede.
• UDaniel wayebonile ukuthi inkathi yeminyaka engu-70 yokuchithwas ngoba iJerusalema laliseduze ukuqeda.
• UDaniel wabamba iqhaza lakhe ekugcwalisekeni kwalo hhayi nje ngokuhumusha umbhalo odongeni kuBelishasari ngobusuku iBabele eliwela ngawo amaMede namaPheresiya, kodwa nasekuphendukeni egameni lesizwe sakwa-Israyeli.
• UJehova uwuphendula ngokushesha umthandazo wakhe. Kepha kungani ngokushesha?
• Ukulandisa okunikezwe uDaniel ukuthi izwe lakwa-Israyeli lalihlaselwa ngendlela efanele.
• Ukuthi kuzoba nesikhathi samashumi ayisikhombisa ayisikhombisa (isikhathi singaba amasonto, iminyaka noma amasonto amakhulu amakhulu weminyaka), kunokuba kube yiminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa njengaseminyakeni engama-70 esanda kuqedwa, lapho izwe lingayeka ukwenza khona okubi, futhi lenze , futhi wenze ukubuyisana ngephutha. Ukushesha kwempendulo kuzobonisa ukuthi lesi sikhathi sizoqala lapho kuphele isikhathi sokuchithwa.
• Ngakho-ke, ukuqala kokwakhiwa kabusha kweJerusalema kwakuzoqeda izincithakalo.
• Futhi, ukuqala kokwakhiwa kabusha kweJerusalema bekuzoqala isikhathi samashumi ayisikhombisa ayisikhombisa kaDaniel 9: 24-27.

Lawa maphuzu angubufakazi obunamandla bokuthi inkathi yamashumi ayisikhombisa nesikhombisa yayizoqala maduze kunokuba ihlale iminyaka eminingi kamuva.

Ukuhunyushwa kukaDaniel 9: 24-27

Ukubuyekezwa kwezinguqulo eziningi zikaDaniel 9: 24-27 ku-Biblehub[viii] ngokwesibonelo, kuzokhombisa umfundi ojwayelekile ukuhumusha nokufunda okuhunyushiwe kule ndima. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela ekuhlolweni kokugcwaliseka noma ukuqonda kwale ndima. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo sathathwa ukubheka ukuhumusha okungokoqobo kwesiHeberu kusetshenziswa inketho ye-INT. https://biblehub.com/interlinear/daniel/9-24.htm, Njll

Umbhalo oboniswe ngezansi ulapho uvela ekuhumusheni ngolimi. (Umbhalo wesiHeberu yiWestminster Leningrad Codex).

UDaniel 9: 24  Ivesi 24:

“Amashumi ayisikhombisa [sibim] ayisikhombisa [sabuim] sizimisele kubantu bakho ukuthi idolobha lakho elingcwele liqede isiphambeko ukuqeda izono nokwenza ukubuyisana ngobubi kanye nokungenisa ukulunga okuphakade nokubopha umbono nesiprofetho kanye nokugcoba izindawo ezingcwele [qadasim] . "

Ukulunga okuphakade kwakuzokwenzeka kuphela ngomhlatshelo wesihlengo kaMesiya (Heberu 9: 11-12). Lokhu-ke kuzosikisela ukuthi “Izindawo Ezingcwele” or “Ungcwelengcwele” kuwukukhonjiswa kwencazelo yemihlatshelo eyenzeka eNgcwelengcwele yangempela, kunasendaweni yangempela eThempelini. Lokhu kungavumelana namaHeberu 9, ikakhulukazi, amavesi 23-26, lapho uMphostoli uPaul akhombisa khona ukuthi igazi likaJesu lalinikelwa ezulwini esikhundleni sendawo yangempela yeNgcwelengcwele, njengoba kwenza umPristi Ophakeme wamaJuda minyaka yonke. Futhi, kwenziwe "Ekuphetheni kwezinhlelo zezinto zokususa isono ngomhlatshelo wakhe ' (Hebheru 9: 26b).

UDaniel 9: 25  Ivesi 25:

“Ngakho-ke yazi futhi uqonde ukuthi kusukela ekuphumeni [umusa] kwegama / umyalo [dabar] ukubuyisela / ukuhlehla / ukubuya [igama] futhi wakhe / wakhe kabusha [ukwamukela] IJerusalema kuze kufike uMesiya iNkosana amahlandla ayisikhombisa [sabuim] Isikhombisa [sibah] nesikhombisa [sabuim] amashumi ayisithupha nambili futhi azokwakhiwa umgwaqo nodonga futhi / futhi nangezikhathi ezinzima. "

Amaphuzu okufanele uwaqaphele:

Kwakufanele "Yazi futhi uqonde (yiqonde)" ukuthi ukuqala kwalesi sikhathi kuzoba "ukusuka ukuphuma", hhayi ukuphinda, "kwezwi noma umyalo ”. Ngakho-ke lokhu kungabeka ngaphandle komthetho noma imuphi umyalo wokuqalisa kabusha kwesakhiwo uma ngaphambili bekutshelwe ukuba siqale futhi siqale futhi saphazanyiswa.

Igama noma umyalo kwakumelwe futhi kube "Buyisela / buyisela". Njengoba lokhu kwalotshwa nguDaniel kwabathunjwa eBhabhulona lokhu kuzokuqondakala njengokubhekisele ekubuyeleni kwaJuda. Lokhu kubuya kuzofaka ne "Ukwakha kabusha" IJerusalema manje njengoba ukucekelwa phansi kwase kuqeda. Isici esibalulekile sokuqonda ukuthi "Izwi" lokhu bekungukuthi, iJerusalema bekungeke liphelele ngaphandle kweThempeli neThempeli, ngokufanayo, bekungeke kuqediwe ngaphandle kokuthi iJerusalema lakhiwe kabusha ukwakha ingqalasizinda yokukhulekelwa neminikelo ethempelini.

Isikhathi besizokwehlukaniswa sibe yisikhathi seminyaka eyisikhombisa okumelwe sibe nokubaluleka okuthile nesikhathi sonyaka wamashumi ayisithupha nambili. UDaniel uyaqhubeka anikeze umongo inkomba yokuthi lo mcimbi obalulekile uzoba yini nokuthi kungani isikhathi sahlukaniswa lapho ethi "Kuzokwakhiwa futhi umgwaqo nodonga ngisho nangezikhathi ezinzima". Inkomba-ke yayiwukuthi ukuqedwa kokwakhiwa kweThempeli okwakungumgogodla weJerusalema nokwakhiwa kweJerusalema uqobo ngeke kwenziwe okwesikhashana ngenxa “Izikhathi ezinzima”.

UDaniel 9: 26  Ivesi 26:

“Ngemuva kwalawo ayisikhombisa [sabuim] amashumi ayisithupha nambili anqunywe uMesiya kepha angazenzela yena nomuzi nendawo engcwele abantu abayakuyichitha ngenkosana ezayo nokuphela kwayo ngozamcolo / isahlulelo [i-bassetep] kuze kube sekupheleni kwezincithakalo zempi zinqunyiwe. ”

Kuyathakazelisa igama lesiHeberu le “Isikhukhula” ingahunyushwa njengo-isahlulelo". Le ncazelo kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwegama emibhalweni ngabalobi bebhayibheli ukubuyisa ezingqondweni zomfundi ngesikhukhula sebhayibheli okwakungu isahlulelo esivela kuNkulunkulu. Kwenza nomqondo owengeziwe kumongo, njengoba bobabili ivesi 24 nevesi 27 lesiprofetho libonisa ukuthi lesi sikhathi sokuba yisikhathi sesahlulelo. Kulula futhi ukubona lo mcimbi uma bekungukwahlulela kunokukhuluma ngebutho eligcwala izwe lakwa-Israyeli. KuMathewu 23: 29-38, uJesu wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi wayehlulele isizwe sakwa-Israyeli sisonke futhi ikakhulukazi abaFarisi, wabatshela "Nizobalekela kanjani ekwahlulelweni kweGehena? ” futhi lokho “Ngiqinisile ngithi kuwe, Zonke lezi zinto ziyokwehlela lesi sizukulwane”.

Lesi sahlulelo sokubhujiswa sehlela isizukulwane esabona uJesu lapho iJerusalema libhujiswa yiNkosana (uTitus, indodana ye-Emperes entsha uVespasian futhi ngenxa yalokho “ISikhulu”) kanye a “Abantu besikhulu esizayo”, amaRoma, abantu besikhulu uThithu, owayezoba 4^th UMbuso Wezwe oqala ngeBabiloni (Daniyeli 2:40, Daniyeli 7:19). Kuyajabulisa ukubona ukuthi uThithu wayala ukuthi iThempeli lingathinteki, kepha amabutho akhe awalalelanga umyalo wakhe futhi acekela phansi iThempeli, ngaleyo ndlela enza le ngxenye yesiprofetho ngokuningiliziwe. Isikhathi sika-67AD kuya ku-70AD sasigcwele incithakalo yezwe lakwaJuda njengoba amabutho amaRoma aqeda ukumelana.

UDaniel 9: 27  Ivesi 27:

“Uyakuqinisa isivumelwano nabaningi kwabayisikhombisa [sabu] Kepha phakathi kwabayisikhombisa uyakuqedela ukwenza imihlatshelo, nangaphiko lwezinengiso, kube yilowo nalowo owenza incithakalo, kuze kufike ukubhubhisa, okunqanyulwayo, kube yilowo nalowo.

“Yena” kubhekisa kuMesiya isihloko esiyinhloko sendima. Babengobani abaningi? UMathewu 15:24 uloba uJesu ethi, "Ephendula wathi:" Angithunyelwanga kokunye kodwa kwizimvu ezilahlekile zendlu yakwa-Israyeli ". Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuzobonisa ukuthi "abaningi”Kwakuyisizwe sakwa-Israyeli, amaJuda ekhulu lokuqala.

Ubude benkonzo kaJesu bungabalwa ukuthi bube iminyaka emithathu nesigamu. Lokhu ubude kuzohambisana nokuqonda lokho [uMesiya] ayeyokwenza 'Qeda ukunikela nokunikela' "Phakathi kwabayisikhombisa" [iminyaka], ngokufa kwakhe egcwalisa inhloso yemihlatshelo neminikelo futhi ngaleyo ndlela anganaki isidingo sokuba kuqhubeke (Bona ama-Heberu 10). Lesi sikhathi seminyaka emithathu nesigamu [sizodinga] ama-4 Passovers.

Ingabe uJesu wayesenkonzweni yeminyaka emithathu nengxenye?

Kulula ukusebenza emuva kusukela ngesikhathi sokufa kwakhe

• IPhasika lokugcina (4^th) uJesu adla nabafundi bakhe kusihlwa ngaphambi kokuba afe.
• UJohane 6: 4 ubala elinye iPhasika (3^rd).
• Ukubuyela emuva, ngokukaJohane 5: 1 kukhulunywa kuphela “Umkhosi wamaJuda”, futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi yiyona 2^nd[ix]
• Ekugcineni, uJohane 2: 13 ukhuluma ngePhasika lokuqala ekuqaleni kwenkonzo kaJesu, kungakabi isikhathi eside nje ephendulile amanzi aba yiwayini ezinsukwini zokuqala kwenkonzo yakhe ngemuva kokubhapathizwa. Lokhu kungafanisa ama-Passovers amane adingekayo ukuvumela inkonzo yeminyaka emithathu nesigamu.

Iminyaka eyisikhombisa ukusuka ekuqaleni kukaJesu Ministry

Yini eyashintsha ekugcineni kweminyaka [eyisikhombisa] ukusuka ekuqaleni kwenkonzo kaJesu? Izenzo 10: 34-43 ibhala lokho uPetro atshela uKornelius (ngo-36 AD) "Kulokhu uPhetro wavula umlomo wakhe wathi:" Impela ngiyabona ukuthi uNkulunkulu akakhethi, ³⁵ kepha ezizweni zonke umuntu omesabayo futhi enze ukulunga uyamukeleka kuye. ³⁶ Wathumela izwi kubantwana bakwa-Israyeli ukubatshela izindaba ezinhle zokuthula ngoJesu Kristu: Lo uyiNkosi yabo bonke abanye ”.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkonzo kaJesu ngo-29 AD kuya ekuguqukweni kukaKorneliyu ngonyaka wama-36 AD, “Abaningi” AmaJuda ka-Israyeli wemvelo aba nethuba lokuba “amadodana kaNkulunkulu", Kepha ngesizwe sakwa-Israyeli sonke senqaba uJesu njengoMesiya nezindaba ezinhle ezazishunyayelwa abafundi, lelo thuba lavulelwa abeZizwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokhoiphiko lezinengiso ” bekuzolandela kungekudala, njengoba kwenzekile, ukuqala ngonyaka ka-66 AD kufinyelela umvuthwandaba wokubhujiswa kweJerusalema nesizwe sakwa-Israyeli njengebhizinisi elikhonjwa eceleni ngo-70 AD. Ngokubhujiswa kweJerusalema kwahamba ukubhujiswa kwawo wonke amarekhodi ohlu lozalo okusho ukuthi akekho noyedwa esikhathini esizayo ozokwazi ukufakazela ukuthi babengohlu lukaDavide, (noma umugqa wobupristi, njll.), Ngakho-ke kungasho ukuthi uma uMesiya wayezofika emva kwalesosikhathi, babengeke bakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi banelungelo elingokomthetho. (Hezekeli 21:27)[X]

C.      Ukuqinisekisa isiphetho samasonto angama-70 eminyaka

Ukulandisa okukuLuka 3: 1 kukhomba ukuvela kukaJohane uMbhaptizi njengoba kwenzeka "Abangu-15^th unyaka wokubusa kukaThibheriyo Kesari ”. Ukulandisa kukaMathewu noLuka kubonisa ukuthi uJesu weza wabhapathizwa nguJohane uMbhapathizi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva. I-15^th unyaka kaTiberius Khesari kuyaqondakala ukuthi wawungo-18 Septhemba 28 AD kuya ku-18 Septhemba 29 AD. Ngokubhabhadiswa kukaJesu ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba 29 AD, inkonzo yeminyaka emi-3.5 iholela ekufeni kwakhe ngo-Ephreli 33 AD.[xi]

C. 1.   Ukuguqulwa Komphostoli uPawulu

Kudingeka futhi ukuthi sihlolisise irekhodi lokuqala lokuhamba komphostoli uPawulu ngokushesha ukuguquka kwakhe.

Indlala yenzeke eRoma ngo-51 AD ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaClaudius, ngokusho kwalezi zinkomba: (Tacitus, Ann. XII, 43; Suet., Claudius 18. 2; Orosius, Hist. VII, 6. 17; A. Schoene , Eusebii chronicorum libri duo, Berlin, 1875, II, amakhasi 152 f.) UClaudius washona ngo-54 AD futhi kwakungekho ndlala ngo-43 AD noma ngo-47 AD noma ngo-48 AD.[xii][1]

Indlala ngo-51 AD, ngakhoke, ilowo ozothatha izintambo kule ndlala okukhulunywa ngayo kuzEnzo 11: 27-30, eyayibonisa ukuphela kwenkathi yeminyaka eyi-14 (Galathiya 2: 1). Isikhathi seminyaka eyi-14? Isikhathi esiphakathi kokuhambela kokuqala kukaPawuli eJerusalema, lapho abona khona kuphela umphostoli uPhetro, futhi nangesikhathi esizayo lapho esiza ukusiza ukuletha usizo lwendlala eJerusalema (Izenzo 11: 27-30).

Ukuvakasha kokuqala komPostoli uPowula eJerusalema kwaba yiminyaka emi-3 emva kokuguqulwa kwakhe kulandela uhambo oluya e-Arabia nokubuyela eDamaseku. Lokhu bekuzosibuyisela emuva kusuka ku-51 AD kuya ku-35 AD. (51-14 = 37, 37-2yr interval = 35 AD. Ngokusobala ukuguqulwa kukaPawulu endleleni eya eDamaseku kwakumele kube yisikhashana ngemuva kokufa kukaJesu ukuvumela ukushushiswa kwakhe kubaphostoli kanye nabafundi bokuqala abangamaKristu. Lokhu kuvumela usuku ka-Ephreli 33 AD kube okulungile ngokufa kukaJesu nokuvuka kwakhe ngesikhawu esifinyelela eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kokuguqukela kukaSawule kuPaul.

C. 2.   Ukulindela Ukufika KukaMesiya - Ibhayibheli

NgokukaLuka 3:15 kubikwa ukuthi uMesiya wayefika nini ngesikhathi uJohane uMbhapathizi eqala ukushumayela ngala mazwi: " Manje njengoba abantu babelindele futhi bonke babezindla ezinhlizweni zabo ngoJohane: "Kungenzeka yini ukuthi unguKristu?".

KuLuka 2: 24-35 ukulandisa kuthi: " Bheka! kwakukhona eJerusalema umuntu ogama lakhe linguSimeyoni, futhi lo muntu wayelungile futhi enenhlonipho, elindele induduzo ka-Israyeli, futhi umoya ongcwele wawuphezu kwakhe. 26 Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayembulelwe ngokwaphezulu ngumoya ongcwele ukuthi wayengeke akubone ukufa ngaphambi kokuba abone uKristu kaJehova. 27 Ngamandla omoya manje wangena ethempelini; futhi njengoba abazali beletha umntwana omncane uJesu ukuba azenzele ngokwesiko lomthetho, 28 yena uqobo wakwamukela ezingalweni zakhe wabonga uNkulunkulu wathi: 29 “Manje, Nkosi EnguMbusi, uvumela isigqila sakho ukuba sihambe ukhululekile ngokuthula ngokwesimemezelo sakho; 30 ngoba amehlo ami abonile indlela yakho yokusindisa oyilungisile emehlweni abo bonke abantu, 31 isibani sokususa umgubuzelo ezizweni nenkazimulo yabantu bakho u-Israyeli. ”

Ngakho-ke, ngokwerekhodi leBhayibheli, nakanjani kwakukhona okulindelwe ngalesi sikhathi ekuqaleni kwe-1^st Ngekhulu leminyaka AD ukuthi uMesiya wayezofika.

C. 3.   Isimo seNkosi uHerode, abacebisi bakhe abangamaJuda, kanye nezazi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMathewu 2: 1-6 ukhombisa ukuthi iNkosi uHerode nabeluleki bakhe abangamaJuda bakwazi ukubona ukuthi uMesiya wayeyozalelwaphi. Ngokusobala, akukho okukhombisa ukuthi bawuchitha lo mcimbi ngokungathandeki ngoba okulindelwe kungokwesikhathi esehluke ngokuphelele. Eqinisweni, uHerode wathatha isinyathelo lapho abasebenza ngezinkanyezi bebuyela ezweni labo ngaphandle kokubuya bayobikela uHerode eJerusalema ukuthi ukuphi uMesiya. Wayala ukubulawa kwazo zonke izingane zesilisa ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuzama ukubulala uMesiya (uJesu) (UMathewu 2: 16-18).

C. 4.   Ukulindelwa Kokufika KukaMesiya - Amarekhodi Engeziwe Ebhayibhelini

Yibuphi ubufakazi obuseBhayibhelini obukhona kulokhu okulindelwe?

• C.4.1. Qumran Umqulu

Umphakathi waseQumran wama-Essenes ubhale umqulu weLwandle oluFile 4Q175 obhalwe ngonyaka ka-90 BC. Icaphune le miBhalo elandelayo ibhekisela kuMesiya:

Duteronomi 5: 28-29, Duteronome 18: 18-19, Numeri 24: 15-17, Duteronome 33: 8-11, Joshuwa 6:26.

Ingxenye kaNumeri 24: 15-17 ifundeka ngokuthi: “Ngokuqinisekile inkanyezi izophuma kuJakobe, futhi intonga yobukhosi izokuvela kwa-Israyeli ”.

UDuteronomi 18:18 ufundeka ngengxenye ethi “Ngizobaphakamisela umprofethi phakathi kwabafowabo, onjengawe [Mose] ”.

Ngemininingwane engaphezulu kokubukwa kwama-Essenes kwesiprofetho sikaDaniyeli sikaMesiya bheka u-E.11. engxenyeni elandelayo yochungechunge lwethu - ingxenye 4 ngaphansi kokubheka indawo yokuqala.

Lesi sithombe esingezansi singeso umqulu 4Q175.

Figure C.4-1 Izithombe zeQumran Scroll 4Q175

• C.4.2 Uhlamvu lwemali oluvela ku-1^st ngekhulu leminyaka BC

Isiprofetho esikuNumeri 24 esiphathelene "nenkanyezi ephuma kuJakobe" sisetshenziswe njengesisekelo sohlangothini olulodwa lohlamvu lwemali olwalusetshenziswa eJudiya, ngesikhathi se 1^st Ikhulu le-BC ne-1^st Ikhulu. Njengoba ubona esithombeni sohlamvu lwemali lomfelokazi olungezansi, lwalunenkanyezi ethi "mesiya" ngakolunye uhlangothi olususelwe kuNumeri 24:15. Lesi sithombe sika bronze inundu, eyaziwa nangokuthi a Lepton (okusho okuncane).

Figure C.4-2 Izibungu zomfelokazi weBronze kusukela ngekhulu lokuqala ne-Messianic Star

Lokhu kungamabhede abahlolokazi bethusi abakhombisa i-Star Star ohlangothini olulodwa kusukela ngasekupheleni^st Ngekhulu leminyaka BC nasekuqaleni kuka-1^st Ngekhulu le-AD.

 

• C.4.3 INkanyezi nezazi

KuMathewu 2: 1-12 ukulandisa kufundwe "Ngemuva kwekutsi Jesu abetalwe eBhetlehema laseJudiya ngetinsuku taHerodi, bheka! izazi zezinkanyezi ezivela ezingxenyeni zasempumalanga zeza eJerusalema, ² esithi: “Uphi lowo ozelwe eyinkosi yabaJuda? Ngoba sabona inkanyezi yakhe [lapho sasisempumalanga], futhi sizele ukuzokhothama kuye. ” ³ Lapho izwa leNkosi uHerode yathukuthela, nalo lonke iJerusalema kanye naye; ⁴ futhi eqoqele ndawonye bonke abapristi abakhulu nababhali babantu waqala ukubabuza ukuthi uKristu wayeyozalelwaphi. ⁵ Zathi kuye: “EBetlehema laseJudiya; ngoba kulotshwe kanjena ngomprofethi, ⁶ 'Futhi wena, Bhetlehema yezwe lakwaJuda, awusiwona neze umuzi obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwababusi bakwaJuda; ngoba kuwe kuyophuma owubusayo, ozokwalusa abantu bami, u-Israyeli. '”

⁷ Khona-ke uHerode wabiza izazi ngasese futhi waqikelela ngokucophelela kubo isikhathi sokubonakala kwenkanyezi; ⁸ futhi, lapho ebathumela eBhethelehema, wathi: “Hambani nimfune ngokucophelela lo mntwana, futhi lapho senitholile abikele kimi, ukuze nami ngihambe ngiyokhothama.” ⁹ Lapho sebezwile inkosi, bayahamba; bheka! inkanyezi ababeyibonile [lapho] isempumalanga yahamba phambi kwabo, yaze yoma ngaphezulu lapho ingane yayikhona. ¹⁰ Lapho bebona inkanyezi bajabula kakhulu. ¹¹ Lapho zingena endlini zabona umntwana omncane enoMariya unina, zawa phansi, zakhuleka kuye. Baphinde bavula amagugu abo futhi bawethula ngezipho, igolide nenhlaka yempepho nemure. ¹² Kodwa-ke, ngoba banikezwe isixwayiso saphezulu ephusheni ukuthi bangabuyeli kuHerode, babuyela ezweni lakubo ngenye indlela. ”

 

Le ndima yombhalo ibiludaba lokuphikisana nokuqagelwa cishe iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Kuphakamisa imibuzo eminingi enjengokuthi:

• Ingabe uNkulunkulu wabeka ngokuyisimangaliso inkanyezi eyadonsela ababhula ngezinkanyezi ekuzalweni kukaJesu?
• Uma kunjalo, kungani uletha izazi zezinkanyezi ezazilahlwa ngemibhalo?
• Ingabe kwakunguDeveli owadala “inkanyezi” nokuthi uDeveli wakwenza lokhu ukuzama ukunqabisa injongo kaNkulunkulu?

Umbhali walesi sihloko ufunde imizamo eminingi yokuchaza lezehlakalo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukuqagela okungathandeki iminyaka edlule, kepha akekho owanikeza impendulo eqondile ngombono wombhali okungenani, kuze kube manje. Sicela ubheke D.2. ireferensi engezansi.

Amaphuzu afanelekile ophenyweni "lwenkanyezi nezazi"

• Amadoda ahlakaniphile, eseyibonile inkanyezi ezweni lakubo, okungenzeka ukuthi kwakunguBabiloni noma iPheresiya, ayixhumanisa nesithembiso seNkosi enguMesiya yokukholwa kwamaJuda ababezolijwayela ngenxa yesibalo samaJuda ayesahlala eBhabheli futhi Persia.
• Igama elithi “Magi” lalisetshenziselwa amadoda ahlakaniphile eBhabhiloni nasePheresiya.
• Amadoda ahlakaniphileyo abe esehambela eJudiya ngendlela ejwayelekile, mhlawumbe ethatha amasonto athile, ehamba phakathi nosuku.
• Babuza eJerusalema ukucaciselwa ukuthi uMesiya kulindeleke ukuthi azalwe kuphi (yingakho le nkanyezi yayingahambi lapho bethutha, bekhombisa indlela, ihora nehora). Lapho babona ukuthi uMesiya wayezelwe eBetlehema, ngakho-ke baya eBhetlehema.
• Lapho befika eBhetlehema, baphinde babona leyo “nkanyezi” ngaphezulu kwabo (ivesi 9).

Lokhu kusho ukuthi “inkanyezi” ayithunyelwanga uNkulunkulu. Kungani uJehova uNkulunkulu ezosebenzisa izazi zezinkanyezi noma amadoda ahlakaniphile angamaqaba ukudonsela ukunakekela ekuzalweni kukaJesu, lapho ukufunda izinkanyezi kwakulahlwa eMthethweni KaMose? Ngaphezu kwalokho, la maqiniso azokhipha ukuthi inkanyezi yayingumcimbi ongaphezu kwemvelo owanikezwa nguSathane uDeveli. Lokhu kusishiya nenketho yokuthi ukubonakaliswa kwenkanyezi kwakuwumcimbi wemvelo okwachazwa yilawa madoda ahlakaniphile njengokubonisa ukufika kukaMesiya.

Kungani lo mcimbi ukhulunywa ngisho nasemibhalweni? Vele ngoba inika imbangela kanye nomongo kanye nencazelo yokubulawa kukaHerode kwezingane zaseBetlehema kuze kube seminyakeni engu-2 ubudala kanye nokubalekela eGibhithe ngoJosefa noMariya, kuthatha uJesu omncane naye.

Ingabe iNkosi uHerode yayishukunyiswa uDeveli kulokhu? Mancane amathuba, noma singeke sakwehlisa lokho okungenzeka. Ngokuqinisekile kwakungadingeki. INkosi uHerode yayidideke kakhulu nganoma yikuphi ukusikisela okuncane kokuphikisana. UMesiya othenjisiwe wamaJuda ngokuqinisekile wayemele ukuphikiswa okungaba khona. Phambilini wayebulele amalungu amaningi omndeni wakhe kubandakanya nonkosikazi (uMariamne I cishe ngonyaka wama-29 BC) futhi ngalesi sikhathi, amadodana akhe amathathu (u-Antipater II - 4 BC?, Alexander - 7 BC?, U-Aristobulus IV - 7 BC ?) abamsola ngokuzama ukumbulala. Ngakho-ke, wayengadingi kushukunyiswa ukuba alandele uMesiya ongumJuda owayethenjisiwe owayengadala ukuhlubuka ngamaJuda futhi aphuce uHerode uMbuso wakhe.

D.     Ukuqomisana Ukuzalwa KukaJesu

Kulabo abafisa ukuphenya lokhu kahle amaphepha alandelayo atholakala mahhala kwi-inthanethi ayanconywa. [xiii]

D.1.  UHerode Omkhulu noJesu, Ubufakazi beChronological, Historical and Archaeological (2015) Umbhali: UGerard Gertoux

https://www.academia.edu/2518046/Herod_the_Great_and_Jesus_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence 

Ikakhulu, sicela ubheke amakhasi 51-66.

Umlobi uGerard Gertoux ungowokuzalwa kukaJesu eneminyaka engama-29^th Septhemba 2 BC ngokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kokulandelana kwezenzakalo zesikhathi ezinciphisa iwindi lesikhathi lapho uJesu kufanele ukuthi wazalwa khona. Kufanelekile ukufundela labo abanentshisekelo kumlando.

Lo mbhali unikeza usuku lokufa kukaJesu njengoNisan 14, 33 AD.

D.2.   Inkanyezi yaseBetlehema, Umbhali: Dwight R Hutchinson

https://www.academia.edu/resource/work/34873233 &  https://www.star-of-bethelehem.info bese ulanda inguqulo ye-PDF - ikhasi 10-12.  

Umbhali uDwight R Hutchinson ubala ukuzalwa kukaJesu kuze kube sekupheleni kukaDisemba 3 BC kuya ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2 BC. Lolu phenyo lugxile ekunikezeni incazelo enengqondo nenengqondo nge-akhawunti kaMathewu 2 mayelana nababhula ngezinkanyezi.

Lo mbhali uphinde anikeze usuku lokufa kukaJesu njengoNisan 14, 33 AD.

Lezi zinsuku zisondelene kakhulu futhi azinamphumela ophathekayo ngosuku lokufa kukaJesu noma ekuqaleni kwenkonzo yakhe okungamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu okufanele usebenze kuwo. Kodwa-ke, zinikeza isisindo esengeziwe sokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsuku zenkonzo nokufa kukaJesu zisondele kakhulu osukwini olufanele noma empeleni lusuku olulungile.

Kusho nokuthi iphuzu lokugcina lama-70 ayisikhombisa kungenzeka kungabi ukuzalwa kukaJesu, ngoba kuzoba nobunzima obukhulu ekutholeni usuku oluqondile.

Kuzoqhutshwa Engxenyeni 4…. Ukuhlola Indawo Yokuqala 

 

 

[i] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy

[Ii] "I-Romance of Bible Chronology ” nguMfu Martin Anstey, 1913, https://academia.edu/resource/work/5314762

[Iii] Kuneziphakamiso eziningana mayelana nokuthi wayengubani uDariyu umMede. Umuntu ophumelele kakhulu ubonakala enguCyaraxes II noma uHarpagus, indodana ka-Astyages, King of Media. Bheka uHerodotus - The Histories I: 127-130,162,177-178

Wabizwa “ULieutenant of Cyrus ” nguStrabo (Geography VI: 1) no “Umkhuzi KaKoresi” nguDiodorus Siculus (Umtapo Wezincwadi we-IX: 31: 1). IHarpagus ibizwa nge-Oibaras yi-Ctesias (Persica §13,36,45). NgokukaFlavius ​​Josephus, uKoresi wathumba iBabiloni ngosizo lukaDariyu umMede, a "Indodana yama-Astyages", ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaBelishazari, ngonyaka we-17 kaNabonidus (Jewish Antiquities X: 247-249).

[Iv] Ukuhlaziya ngokuphelele ukuqonda kukaDaniel 9: 1-4, sicela ubheke Ingxenye 6 ye “Uhambo Lokuthola Isikhathi Sonke”. https://beroeans.net/2019/12/07/a-journey-of-discovery-through-time-part-6/

[V] Uhambo Lokutholwa Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - Ingxenye 1  https://beroeans.net/2019/06/12/a-journey-of-discovery-through-time-an-introduction-part-1/

[vi] https://www.academia.edu/22476645/Darius_the_Mede_A_Reappraisal Ngu-Stephen Anderson

[vii] https://www.academia.edu/2518052/Ugbaru_is_Darius_the_Mede nguGerard Gertoux

[viii] https://biblehub.com/daniel/9-24.htm  https://biblehub.com/daniel/9-25.htm https://biblehub.com/daniel/9-26.htm  https://biblehub.com/daniel/9-27.htm

[ix] UJesu wenyukela eJerusalema ngalo mkhosi evela eGalile egcizelela ngokuqinile ukuthi kwakuyiPhasika. Ubufakazi obuvela kwamanye amaVangeli bakhombisa ukuhamba kwesikhathi phakathi kwePhasika langaphambilini nalesi sikhathi ngenxa yesibalo semicimbi erekhodiwe.

[X] Bheka isihloko esithi “Singafakaza kanjani lapho uJesu eba iNkosi?" https://beroeans.net/2017/12/07/how-can-we-prove-when-jesus-became-king/

[xi] Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi ushintsho olwenziwa eminyakeni embalwa lapha luzokwenza umehluko omncane ku-schema iyonke ezosetshenzisw a, njengoba imicimbi eminingi ibalwa ngokuhlobene futhi ngakho-ke iningi lizoguquka ngenani elifanayo. Kukhona futhi lapho kunephutha lephutha khona ekuthini uthandane nanoma yini endala le ngenxa yobukhazikhazi kanye nemvelo ephikisanayo yamarekhodi omlando amaningi.

[xii] Kwakukhona indlala eRoma ngonyaka ka-41 (Seneca, de brev. Vit. 18 5; Aurelius Victor, de Ces. 4 3), ku-42 (Dio, LX, 11), kanye nakuma-51 (Tacitus, Ann. XII, 43; Suet., Claudius 18. 2; Orosius, Hist. VII, 6. 17; A. Schoene, Eusebii Chronicorum libri duo, Berlin, 1875, II, iphe. 152 f.). Akunabufakazi bendlala eRoma ngonyaka ka-43 (cf. Dio, LX, 17.8), noma ku-47 (cf. Tac, Ann. XI, 4), noma ku-48 (cf. Dio, LX, 31. 4; Tac , U-Ann. XI, 26). Kwakunendlala eGreece mayelana ne-49 (A. Schoene, loc. Cit.), Ukushoda kwezimpahla zamasosha e-Armenia ngo-51 (Tac, Ann. XII, 50), kanye nokuqagela okusanhlamvu eCibyra (cf. M. Rostovtzeff , Gesellchaft und Wirtschaft im Römischen Kaiserreich, Berlin, 1929, inothi 20 kuya ku-VIII).

[xiii] https://www.academia.edu/  I- Academia.edu indawo esemthethweni esetshenziswa kabanzi ngamaYunivesithi, Ababhali kanye Nabaphenyi ukushicilela amaphepha. Iyatholakala njengohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Apple. Noma kunjalo, uzodinga ukusetha ukungena ngemvume ukuze ulande amaphepha, kepha amanye angafundwa ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokungena ngemvume. Awudingi ukukhokha noma yini. Uma ungafisi ukwenza lokho, ngenye indlela, zizwe ukhululekile ukuthinta umlobi isicelo nge-imeyili.