Nhasi, tiri kuzokurukura dzidziso yeKrisimasi yechechi inonzi Preterism, kubva kuLatin mutungamiriri zvichireva "zvakapfuura". Kana iwe usingazive zvinoreva eschatology, ini ndinokusevha iro basa rekuzvitarisa kumusoro. Zvinoreva dzidziso yebhaibheri ine chekuita nemazuva ekupedzisira. Preterism iko kutenda kwekuti zvese zviporofita zvine chekuita neMazuva Ekupedzisira muBhaibheri zvakatozadzikiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, preterist anotenda kuti zviporofita kubva mubhuku raDanieri zvakazadziswa nezana ramakore rekutanga. Iye anotendawo kuti kwete chete kuti mazwi aJesu ari muna Mateo 24 akazadzikiswa pamberi kana na 70 CE pakaparadzwa Jerusarema, asi kuti kunyangwe Zaruriro kunaJohane yakawona kuzadzikiswa kwayo kuzere panguva iyoyo.

Iwe unogona kufungidzira matambudziko izvi zvinounza kune wekutanga. Chiverengero chakakosha cheaya maporofita anoda kumwe kududzira kwakanaka kwekuita kuti vashande sevakapedzwa muzana ramakore rekutanga. Semuenzaniso, Zvakazarurwa inotaura nezvekumuka kwekutanga:

"... vakararama, vakatonga pamwe naKristu makore churu. Vamwe vakafa havana kumutswa kusvikira makore churu apera. Uku ndiko kumuka kwekutanga. Akaropafadzwa uye mutsvene iye ane chikamu mukumuka kwekutanga; rufu rwechipiri haruna simba pamusoro pevava, ivo vachava vapristi vaMwari nevaKristu uye vachatonga pamwe naye kwemakore churu. " (Zvakazarurwa 20: 4-6 NASB)

Preterism inofungidzira kuti kumuka uku kwakaitika muzana ramakore rekutanga, kuchida kuti preterist atsanangure kuti zviuru zvevaKristu zvinogona kutsakatika sei pasi penyika vasina kusiya chero chiratidzo cheichi chinoshamisa chiitiko. Iko hakuna kutaurwa kweizvi mune chero eanotevera manyoro echiKristu kubva muzana rechipiri nerechitatu century. Kuti chiitiko chakadai chingazoonekwa nevamwe vese vechiKristu chinodavira.

Ipapo kune dambudziko rekutsanangudza gomba rakadzika-dzika kuna Dhiabhori kuti arege kutsausa marudzi, tisingataure kusunungurwa kwake nehondo inotevera pakati pevatsvene nemapoka aGogi naMagogi. (Zvakazarurwa 1000: 20-7)

Kunyangwe paine matambudziko akadaro, vazhinji vanotsigira iyi dzidziso, uye ini ndakadzidza kuti vanoverengeka veZvapupu zvaJehovha vauya kuzotsigira kududziro iyi yechiporofita futi. Iyi nzira yekuzvipfuudza kubva kune yakakundikana 1914 eschatology yeSangano? Zvakakosha here zvatinotenda pamusoro pemazuva ekupedzisira? Mazuva ano, isu tiri kurarama munguva yewe-zvakanaka-ndiri-zvakanaka dzidziso yebhaibheri. Pfungwa ndeyekuti hazvina basa kuti chero ani wedu anotenda chero isu tese tichidanana.

Ini ndinobvuma kuti kune akati wandei zvikamu muBhaibheri izvo parizvino zvisingaite kusvika pakunzwisisa chaiko. Zvizhinji zveizvi zvinowanikwa mubhuku raZvakazarurwa. hongu, tasiya kumashure dzidziso yekuSangano, hatidi kuumba yedu dzidziso. Zvakangodaro, zvichipesana nepfungwa yebhajeti redzidziso, Jesu akataura kuti, “nguva iri kuuya, uye yatovapo, apo vanamati vechokwadi vachanamata Baba mumweya nemuzvokwadi; kune vakadai Baba vanotsvaga kuva vanamati Vake. ” (Johane 4:23 NASB) Uyezve, Pauro akayambira nezve "avo vanoparara, nekuti havana kugamuchira rudo rwechokwadi kuti vaponeswe." (2 VaTesaronika 2:10 NASB)

Tinoita zvakanaka kusarerutsa kukosha kwechokwadi. Chokwadi, zvinogona kuve zvinonetsa kusiyanisa chokwadi kubva mungano; Chokwadi chemuBhaibheri kubva mukufungidzira kwevanhu. Zvakadaro, izvo hazvifanirwe kutiodza mwoyo. Hapana akataura kuti zvingave nyore, asi mubairo pakupera kwekurwa uku wakanyanya kupfuura uye unoruramisa chero kuedza kwatinoita. Iko kuedza kunopihwa naBaba uye nekuda kwazvo, vanodurura mweya wavo patiri kutitungamira muchokwadi chose. (Mateo 7: 7-11; Johane 16:12, 13)

Dzidziso yePreterist ndeyechokwadi here? Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive izvo, kana izvi zvinokodzera seimwe yenzvimbo dzatinogona kuve nepfungwa dzakasiyana pasina kukuvadza kunamata kwedu kwechiKristu? Kutora kwangu pachedu pane izvi ndekwekuti zvine basa zvakanyanya kuti kana dzidziso iyi ndeyechokwadi. Chaizvoizvo inyaya yeruponeso rwedu.

Nei ndichifunga kuti izvi zvakadaro? Zvakanaka, funga nezverugwaro urwu: "Budai mariri, vanhu vangu, kuti murege kutora chikamu muzvivi zvaro uye mugogamuchira kubva pamatambudziko aro" (Zvakazarurwa 18: 4 NASB).

Kana chiporofita ichocho chakazadzikwa muna 70 CE, saka hatifanirwe kuteerera yambiro yazvo. Ndiwo maonero ePereterist. Asi ko kana vakanganisa? Ipapo avo vari kusimudzira Preterism vari kukurudzira vadzidzi vaJesu kuti vateerere yambiro yake inoponesa hupenyu. Iwe unogona kuona kubva pane izvi, kuti kugamuchira maonero ePterterist haisi sarudzo yakapusa yekudzidza. Inogona kunge iri nyaya yehupenyu kana kufa.

Pane nzira here yekuti isu titarise kana dzidziso iyi ichokwadi kana kuti yenhema tisati tapinda mukukakavara pamusoro pekududzira?

Chokwadi, zviripo.

Kuti Preterism ive yechokwadi, bhuku raZvakazarurwa rinofanira kunge rakanyorwa 70 CE asati asvika.Vazhinji vanofungidzira vanoti rakanyorwa mushure mekukombwa kweJerusarema kwekutanga muna 66 CE asi risati raparadzwa muna 70 CE

Zvakazarurwa zvine dzakatevedzana yezviratidzo zvinoratidzira izvi zviitiko zvenguva yemberi.

Saka, kana rakanyorwa mushure ma70 CE, zvaigona kunge zvisina kushanda pakuparadzwa kweJerusarema. Naizvozvo, kana tichigona kuona kuti rakanyorwa mushure memusi iwoyo, saka hatifanirwe kuenda kumberi uye tinogona kudzinga preterist maonero semumwe muenzaniso wekutadza kufunga kwekufunga.

Vazhinji vevadzidzi veBhaibheri vanotaura kunyorwa kweZvakazarurwa makore makumi maviri nemashanu kubva pakuparadzwa kweJerusarema, vachizviisa muna 25 kana 95 CE Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa chero dudziro yepamberi. Asi kufambidzana ikoko kwakarurama here? Chii chakavakirwa?

Ngatione kana isu tinogona kugadza icho.

MuApostora Pauro akaudza vaKorinde kuti: "Zvinofanira kusimbiswa nezvapupu zviviri kana zvitatu." (2 Vakorinte 13: 1). Tine chero zvapupu zvinogona kupupurira kufambidzana uku?

Tichatanga neuchapupu hwekunze.

Chapupu chekutanga: Irenaeus, aive mudzidzi waPolycarp aive mudzidzi wemuApostora Johane. Anotara kunyora kusvika pakupera kwekutonga kwaEmperor Domitian akatonga kubva muna 81 kusvika muna 96 CE

Chapupu chechipiri: Clement weAlexandria, akararama kubva muna 155 kusvika muna 215 CE, anonyora kuti Johane akabva pachitsuwa chePatimosi kwaakavharirwa mushure mekufa kwaDomitian musi waGunyana 18, 96 CE Mukati meiyi mamiriro, Clement anoreva Johane se "murume akura", chimwe chinhu icho zvingave zvisina kukodzera kunyorwa-70 CE isati yanyorwa, zvichipiwa kuti Johane aive mumwe wevapositori vadiki uye saka angangove aive pakati nepakati panguva iyoyo.

Yechitatu chapupu: Victorinus, munyori wezana ramakore rechitatu wezvekutanga kutaura nezvaZvakazarurwa, anonyora kuti:

“John paakataura zvinhu izvi, akange ari pachitsuwa chePatmos, akatongerwa migodhi naKesari Domitian. Ikoko akaona Apocalypse; zvino wakati akwegura, akafunga kuti uchafanira kusunungurwa pakutambudzika; asi Domitian achiurayiwa, akasunungurwa ”(Commentary on Revelation 10:11)

Chapupu chechina: Jerome (340-420 CE) akanyora:

"Mugore regumi nemana mushure maNero, Domitian paakamutsa kutambudza kwechipiri, iye [John] akadzingirwa kuchitsuwa chePatmos, ndokunyora Apocalypse" (Upenyu hweVanhurume veVarume 9).

Izvi zvinoita zvapupu zvina. Nekudaro, nyaya yacho inoita kunge yakasimbiswa kwazvo kubva kune humbowo hwekunze hwekuti Zvakazarurwa zvakanyorwa muna 95 kana 96 CE

Pane humbowo hwemukati kutsigira izvi?

Humbowo 1: Muna Zvakazarurwa 2: 2, Ishe vanotaurira ungano yeEfeso kuti: "Ndinoziva zviito zvako, nekushanda kwako, uye kutsungirira kwako." Mundima inotevera anovarumbidza nekuti "usina kuneta, wakatsungirira uye wakatsungirira zvinhu zvizhinji nekuda kwezita rangu." Anoenderera mberi nekutuka uku: "Asi ndine chinhu ichi pamusoro pako: Wakasiya rudo rwako rwekutanga." (Zvakazarurwa 2: 2-4 BSB)

Emperor Kraudhiyo akatonga kubva muna 41-54 CE uye pakazosvika chikamu chekupedzisira chekutonga kwake uko Pauro akatanga kereke muEfeso. Kupfuurirazve, paakanga ari muRoma muna 61 C.E., anovarumbidza nokuda kwerudo rwavo uye kutenda kwavo.

"Naizvozvo, kubva pandakanzwa nezvokutenda kwako munaIshe Jesu, uye nerudo rwako kunevatsvene vese ..." (Efe. BSB).

Kutsiurwa kwakavapa Jesu kune musoro chete kana nguva yakakosha yafamba. Izvi hazvishande kana makore mashoma apfuura apfuura kubva pakurumbidzwa kwaPaul kusvika mukutongwa kwakaitwa Jesu.

Humbowo 2: Maererano naZvakazarurwa 1: 9, Johane akaiswa mutorongo pachitsuwa chePatimosi. Emperor Domitian aifarira rudzi urwu rwekutambudzwa. Zvisinei, Nero, uyo akatonga kubva muna 37 kusvika muna 68 CE, akasarudza kuurayiwa, zvinova zvakaitika kuna Peter naPaul.

Humbowo 3: Pana Zvakazarurwa 3:17, tinoudzwa kuti ungano yeRaodikia yakanga yakapfuma zvikuru uye yakanga isingadi chinhu. Nekudaro, kana isu tikatambira zvakanyorwa gore ra70 CE risati rasvika sevanotangira kare, tingaverenge sei hupfumi hwakadai zvichipiwa kuti guta rakapotsa raparadzwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika muna 61 CE Hazviite senge zvine musoro kutenda kuti vanogona kubva mukuparadzwa zvachose kusvika hupfumi hwakawanda mumakore matanhatu kusvika masere chete?

Humbowo 4: Tsamba dza2 Peter na Judha dzakanyorwa pamberi pekukombwa kweguta kekutanga, kuma65 CE. Pakazosvika nguva yaZvakazarurwa, iri rave rakazara seboka raNicolaus, chimwe chinhu chingadai chisina kuitika mukati memakore mashoma (Zvakazarurwa 2: 6, 15).

Humbowo 5: Pakupera kwezana ramakore rekutanga, kutambudzwa kwevaKristu kwakange kwapararira muhumambo hwese. Zvakazarurwa 2:13 inotaura nezvaAntipasi akaurayiwa muPergamo. Zvisinei, kutambudzwa kwaNero kwakaganhurirwa kuRoma uye kwakanga kusiri kwezvikonzero zvechitendero.

Panoratidzika kunge paine humbowo hwekunze uye hwemukati kutsigira 95 kusvika 96 CE zuva iro vazhinji veVadzidzi veBhaibheri vanoomerera pakunyorwa kwebhuku iri. Saka, chii chinonzi preterist vanoti vanopokana neichi chiratidzo?

Ivo vanopopotera kwezuva rekutanga rinonongedzera kuzvinhu zvakadai sekusavapo kwekutaura chero kwekuparadzwa kweJerusarema. Nekudaro, pakazosvika 96 CE nyika yese yaiziva nezve kuparadzwa kweJerusarema, uye nzanga yechiKristu yakanzwisisa zvakajeka kuti zvese zvakaitika maererano nokuzadzikiswa kwechiporofita.

Isu tinofanirwa kuyeuka kuti Johane aisanyora tsamba kana vhangeri sevamwe vanyori veBhaibheri, saJakobho, Pauro, kana Peter. Aive achishanda zvakanyanya semunyori achitora kuraira. Akange asiri kunyora nezvake ega. Akaudzwa kuti anyore zvaakaona. Nguva gumi nerimwe anopiwa rairo chaiyo yekunyora izvo zvaanga achiona kana kuudzwa.

“Izvo zvaunoona nyora mumupumburu. . . ” (Re 1:11)
“Saka nyora zvinhu zvawakaona. . . ” (Re 1:19)
Uye kumutumwa weungano iri muSimina nyora. . . ” (Re 2: 8)
“Uye kumutumwa weungano iri muPergamo nyora. . . ” (Re 2:12)
Uye kumutumwa weungano iri paTiatira, nyora. . . ” (Re 2:18)
Uye kumutumwa wekereke iri muSadhisi nyora. . . ” (Re 3: 1)
“Uye kumutumwa weungano iri muPhiladelphia nyora. . . ” (Re 3: 7)
Uye kumutumwa wekereke iri muRaodhikea nyora. . . ” (Re 3:14)
“Zvino ndakanzwa inzwi richibva kudenga richiti:“ Nyora: Vanofara vakafa vanofa vari pamwe naIshe kubvira panguva ino zvichienda mberi. . . . ” (Re 14:13)
"Uye anondiudza:" Nyora: Vanofara vanokokwa kuzodya manheru emuchato weGwayana. " (Re 19: 9)
"Uyezve, anoti:" Nyora, nekuti mashoko aya akatendeka uye ndeechokwadi (Re 21: 5)

Saka, isu tinofanirwa here kufunga kuti kuona kuratidzwa kwehutungamiriri uhu, John anozoti, “Hei, Ishe. Ndinofunga zvingave zvakanaka kutaura nezve kuparadzwa kweJerusarema kwakaitika makore makumi maviri neshanu apfuura ... munoziva, nekuda kwezvakazoitika!

Ini handioni izvo zvichiitika, iwe? Saka, kusavapo kwechero kutaurwa kwezviitiko zvekare hazvireve chero chinhu. Ingori zano rekuyedza kutiita kuti tigamuchire pfungwa yekuti vafundisi vari kuyedza kuyambuka. Iyo eisegesis, hapana chimwezve.

Chokwadi, kana tichizogamuchira maonero ePreterist, saka tinofanirwa kubvuma kuti kuvapo kwaJesu kwakatanga muna 70 CE zvichibva pana Mateo 24:30, 31 uye kuti vatsvene vakamutswa nekushandurwa mukubwaira kweziso panguva iyoyo. . Kana zvanga zviri izvo, saka nei kudiwa kwavo kuti vatize guta? Nei yambiro yese nezvekutiza nekukasira kuti usabatwe nekuparara nevamwe? Nei usingangovabvise ipapo ipapo? Uye nei paisazove nekutaurwa muzvinyorwa zvechiKristu kubva mumashure ezana ramakore uye mukati mezana ramakore rechipiri rekubvutwa kukuru kwevatsvene vese? Zvirokwazvo paizove nekumwe kutaurwa kwekutsakatika kweungano yese yechiKristu yeJerusarema. Kutaura zvazviri, maKristu ese, muJudha neVemamwe Marudzi, vangadai vakanyangarika pamusoro penyika muna 70 CE - kubvutwa. Izvi zvaisazoenda zvisingacherechedzwe.

Pane rimwe dambudziko nePreterism iro randinofunga rakakunda zvimwe zvese uye iro rinoratidzira chinhu chine njodzi kune ino chaiyo dzidziso yebhaibheri. Kana zvese zvakaitika muzana ramakore rekutanga, saka chii chasara kwatiri isu vamwe? Amosi anotiudza kuti "Changamire Ishe Jehovha haangaiti chinhu asina kumbozivisa zvakavanzika zvake kuvaranda vake ivo vaporofita" (Amosi 3: 7).

Preterism haibvumiri izvo. NeZvakazarurwa zvakanyorwa mushure mezviitiko zvekuparadzwa kweJerusarema, isu takasara nezviratidzo zvekutipa vimbiso yezvichaunzwa neramangwana. Zvimwe zveizvi tinogona kuzvinzwisisa izvozvi, asi zvimwe zvinozojeka pazvinenge zvichidikanwa. Ndozvazvinoita nechiporofita.

MaJuda aiziva kuti Mesia achauya uye vaive neruzivo rwakanangana nekusvika kwake, nhoroondo yaitsanangura nguva, nzvimbo uye zviitiko zvakakosha. Kunyange zvakadaro, pakanga paine zvakawanda izvo zvakasara zvisina kujairika asi zvakazoonekwa pakazosvika Mesia. Izvi ndizvo zvatiri nebhuku raZvakazarurwa uye nei zvichidakarira kuma Kristu nhasi. Asi ne Preterism, zvese izvo zvinobva zvaenda. Chitendero changu pachedu ndechekuti Preterism dzidziso ine ngozi uye tinofanira kuidzivisa.

Nekutaura izvozvo, ini handisi kuratidza kuti yakawanda yaMateu 24 haina kuzadzikiswa muzana rekutanga. Zvandiri kutaura ndezvekuti kana chimwe chinhu chiri kuzadziswa muzana ramakore rekutanga, muzuva redu, kana mune ramangwana redu chinofanira kutsanangurwa zvichibva pachinyorwa uye chisina kuitwa kuti chikwane mune yakatarwa-nhumbu nguva zvichibva mukufungidzira kwekufungidzira.

Muchidzidzo chedu chinotevera, tichatarisa zvinorehwa nekushanda kwedambudziko guru rinotaurwa munaMateu naZvakazarurwa. Hatizoyedze kutsvaga nzira yekuimanikidza mune chero nguva yakatarwa, asi asi titarise mamiriro munzvimbo dzese dzazvinoitika uye edza kuona kuzadzikiswa kwacho chaiko.

Ndatenda nekutarisa. Kana iwe uchida kutibatsira kutenderera iri basa, pane chinongedzo mune tsananguro yeiyi vhidhiyo yekukuendesa iwe kune yedu yezvipo peji.