Ho hokahanya Boprofeta ba Messia ba Daniele 9: 24-27 le Nalane ea Sechaba

Ho phethela tharollo

 

Kakaretso ea Lintho Tse Fumananoang Ho fihlela joale

Patlisisong ena ea 'marakeng ho fihlela joale, re fumane ho tsoa mangolong a latelang:

• Tharollo ena e beha pheletso ea mashome a supileng a supileng ka 69 AD ha Jesu a qala tšebeletso ea hae.
• Tharollo ena e felisitse lebaka la sehlabelo le nyehelo ea limpho, halofong ea ba supileng ho isa ho 33 AD mme Messia Jesu a felisoa, a bolaoa molemong oa batho bohle.
• Tharollo ena e beha pheletso ea tse supileng tsa ho qetela ka 36 AD le phetoho ea Korneliase oa Molichaba.
• Tharollo ena e beha 1^st Selemo sa Cyrus e Moholo ka 455 BC e le qalo ea lilemo tse supileng tse supileng tsa lilemo tse 49.
• Tharollo ena e behile selemo sa bo 32 sa Darius aka Ahasueruse, aka Artaxerxes ka 407 BC ho phethela lilemo tse supileng tse supileng ka hore Nehemia a khutlele Babylona le lebota la Jerusalema le tsosolositsoeng. (Nehemia 49: 13)
• Tharollo ena, ka hona, e fana ka lebaka le utloahalang la hore Daniele le Jehova ba arole boprofeta bona ho ba supa le supa le mashome a tšeletseng a metso e 'meli. (Bona bothata / tharollo 7)
• Tharollo ena e fana ka lilemo tse loketseng bakeng sa Mordekai, Esthere, Esdrase le Nehemia ha ba lumellana le litlhaloso tsa setso le tsa bolumeli, tse sa tsotelleng kapa ho hlakisa lilemo tse se nang mabaka ka "Moredekai e mong, Esera e mong, Nehemia e mong, kapa tlaleho ea Bebele e fosahetse. ”. (Bona mathata / tharollo 1,2,3)
• Tharollo ena e fana ka tlhaloso e utloahalang bakeng sa tatellano ea marena a Persia mangolong. (Bona mathata / tharollo 5,7)
• Tharollo ena e boetse e re thusa ho utloisisa tatellano e loketseng ea Moprista ea Phahameng bakeng sa nako ea Mmuso oa Persia e lumellanang le mangolo. (Bona bothata / tharollo 6)
• Tharollo ena e fana ka tlhaloso e nepahetseng bakeng sa lethathamo la baprista ba babeli. (bona bothata / tharollo 8).
• Tharollo ena e hloka kutloisiso ea hore Darius I o ile a bitsoa kapa a bitsoa lebitso la Artaxerxes kapa a bitsoa Artaxerxes ho tloha ho 7^th selemo sa ho busa ho ea pele tlalehong ea ho tloha ho Esdrase 7 ho ea pele le ho Nehemia. (Bona bothata / tharollo 9)
• Tharollo ena e boetse e hloka hore kutloisiso ea Ahasueruse oa buka ea Esthere e bue ka Dariuse I hape. (Bona mathata / tharollo 1,9)
• Tharollo ena e boetse e re thusa ho utloisisa taba eohle ea seo Josephus a se ngotseng, leha e se likotoana tse le 'ngoe, ho fapana le likotoana tse' maloa. (Bona bothata / tharollo 10)
• Tharollo ena e fana ka tharollo e nepahetseng mabapi le ho reoa ha Marena a Persia libukeng tsa Apocrypha. (Bona bothata / tharollo 11)
• Tharollo ena e fana ka tharollo e nepahetseng mabapi le ho reoa ha Marena a Persia ho Septuagint. (Bona bothata / tharollo 12)

Leha ho le joalo, tharollo ena e re siea le khokahano e nyane ea ho e fumana, ea tatellano e setseng ea Marena a Persia.

Bakeng sa nako e setseng, ho tloha selemong se latelang ka mor'a lefu la Darius I ho la hae la 36^th Selemo, seo tharollong ena ke 402 BC, ho isa ho 330 BC ha Alexander a hlola Morena Darius bakeng sa ho qetela mme a fetoha Morena oa Persia ka boeena, re hloka ho lekana lilemo tse 156 ho isa ho lilemo tse 73 (le marena a 6 haeba ho ka etsahala) ntle le ho hanyetsa bongata ea tlhahisoleseling ea nalane ha ho khoneha. Phiri ea Rubik ea senatla!

 

Likarolo tsa ho qetela tsa Papali

See se ile sa atleha joang?

Patlisisong le lipatlisiso tsa sengoli le ho ngoloa ha likarolo tse fetileng tsa letoto lena la liphetho, ho ile ha totobala hore sebaka sa ho qala se tlameha ho ba ka 455 BC. Leha ho le joalo ho ile ha boela ha totobala hore ena e ne e lokela ho ba 1^st Selemo sa Cyruse sebakeng sa tse mashome a mabeli^th Selemo sa Artaxerxes I. Ka lebaka leo, nako le nako o ne a leka ho etsa tlhaiso-leseling e neng e tla lumellana le litlhoko tsa ntlha ea ho qetela Kakaretso ea Likarolo tse Fumanehang ka holimo. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho boemo bo ileng ba utloahala mabapi le data ka nako eo leha e ka ba le lebaka.

Papiso ea tlhahisoleseling e tsoang ho Eusebius[I] le Africanus[Ii] le Ptolemy[Iii] le bo-rahistori ba bang ba khale ba mabapi le marena a Persia le marena ao a boletsoeng ke Josephus, Poet Ferdowsi oa Persia[Iv], mme ho ile ha etsoa Herototus. E qalile ho hlahisa le ho bonts'a lipaterone tseo kaofela li neng li na le litlhaloso, eseng feela ho se fumanoeng phuputsong ea rekoto ea Bibele, empa hape le liphatlalatsong tse fapaneng tsa tlhahisoleseling tse tsoang phuputsong ea bo-rahistori ba bang.

Ho ne ho khahlisa hore Poet Ferdowsi ea Persia e ne e na le Marena feela ho fihlela Darius II mme a siea Xerxes.

Josephus le eena o ile a ba le Marena ho fihlela ho Darius II empa a kenyelletsa Xerxes. Herodotus o bile le Marena ho fihlela ho Artaxerxes I (Ho lumeloa hore Herodotus o shoele nakong ea puso ea Artaxerxes I kapa qalong ea puso ea Darius II.)

Haeba Darius I (e Moholo) le eena a ne a tsejoa ka mokhoa o fapaneng kapa a fetoloa lebitso la hae ho Artaxerxes, ho ne ho ka etsahala hore Marena a mang a Persia a ts'oane, a ka beng a ile a baka pherekano ho bo-rahistori ba morao-rao historing ea khale le ea 20^th 'me 21^st Lekholong la lilemo.

Papiso ea Bolaoli e Bolelele ho Bo-rahistori ba Boholo-holo

	Herodotus c. 430 pele ho mehla ea Kreste	Ba-cesiea c. 398 BC	Diodorus 30 BC	Josephus 75 AD	Ptolemy 150 AD	Clement oa Alexandria c. 217 AD	Manetho / Sextus Julius Africanus hoo e ka bang ka 220 AD	Manetho / Eusebius c. Lilemo tsa 330 AD	Sulpicus Severus c. 400 AD	Seroki sa Persia Firdusi (931-1020 AD)
Cyrus II (e Moholo)	29	30		E	9 (Babilona)	30			31	E
Cambyses II	7.5	18		6	8	19	6	3	9	E
Magi	0.7	0.7			0.7			0.7	0.7
Dariuse I (e Moholo)	36	-		9+	36	46	36	36	36	E
Xerxese I	E	-	20	28 +	21	26	21	21	21
Artabanos							0.7
Artakserksese (I)	E	42	40	7+	41	41	41	40	41	E
Xerxese II		0.2			0.2		0.2	0.2	0.2
Li-Sogdianos					0.7		0.7	0.7	0.7
Dariuse II		35	19	E	19	8	19	19	19	E
Artakserksese II			43		46	42			62
Artakserksese III			23		21		2	6	23
Libata (Artaxerxes IV)					2		3	4
Dariuse III					4		4	6
-kakaretso Tsa	73	126	145	50 +	209	212	134	137	244

 

 

Joalokaha u bona ho na le phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa tharollo e fanoeng ke bo-rahistori ba fapaneng ka nako ea lilemo tse makholo. Kajeno ba boholong 'musong le bolumeling ba amohela tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Ptolemy.

Ka hona, ho leka ho boelanya taba ena e kholo, ho ile ha nkuoa qeto ea ho khutlisetsa ho oa ha Mmuso oa Persia ho ea ho Alexander the Great oa Macedonia ka 330BC, ho Darius I eo puso ea hae e felileng ka 403 BC le Cyrus ho qala ka 455 BC.

Ka hona re fumane:

• Darius III ea nang le lilemo tse 4, (bolelele ho busa ho latela Ptolemy le Manetho ho latela Julius Africanus), e le morena oa ho qetela oa Persia, ea neng a busa nakong ea ha Alexandere e Moholo a kena 'Musong oa Persia.
• Asses (Artaxerxes IV) le lilemo tse 2. (busa bolelele ho latela Ptolemy).

Next:

• Artaxerxes III o ile a nkuoa ho ba le puso ea lilemo tse peli. (bolelele ba puso ho latela Manetho le Julius Africanus, mohlomong le lilemo tse ling tse 2 e le Morena oa Egepeta kapa mmusi-mmoho)
• Darius II ea busitseng ka lilemo tse 19 joalo ka ha a ne a fanoa ke Africanus, Eusebius le Ptolemy.

Sena se nkile lilemo tse 21 tseo Ptolemy a neng a li file Artaxerxes III. Sena se fane ka pontšo e matla ea hore mohlomong Ptolemy o ne a le bolelele bo fosahetseng bakeng sa Artaxerxes III. (Ptolemy palo ea lilemo tse 21 bakeng sa Artaxerxes e ne e lula e bonahala e tšoana hantle ebile e lekana ka nako e lekanang le bolelele ba puso ea Xerxes. Ke ka seoelo Marena a naha e le 'ngoe le nakong e haufi a ka bang le bolelele bo lekanang ba puso, mehopolo ea lipalo ea sena e etsahala ka tlhaho e sa rateheng haholo.

Tlhaloso e kholo ka ho fetisisa ke hore Ptolemy o ne a sa utloisise bolelele ba puso mohlomong a sebelisa Xerxes. Leha ho le joalo, likhetho tse ling e ka ba mohlomong ho bile le puso ea kopanelo le puso ea lilemo tse 2 ea Artaxerxes III kamora lefu la Darius II kapa hore Darius (II) o ne a boetse a tsejoa ka lebitso la Artaxerxes (III) kapa a le fetola. ka mokhoa o tšoanang le oo Bibele e bonts'itseng Darius (I) hape a neng a tsejoa e le Artaxerxes (I).

Next:

• Artaxerxes oa I o ile a kenyelletsoa ka nako ea puso ea lilemo tse 41 a sa tlohelle Artaxerxes II (bakeng sa bolelele ba puso ea Artaxerxes I ho ea ka Ptolemy. Artaxerxes II oa khale ha a sa boleloa ke bo-rahistori ba bangata ba khale le bolelele bo fapaneng bo fapaneng ho tloha ho setseng.

Sena se ne se bolela hore Artaxerxes I oa busa, o qalile ka selemo sa 6 kamora lefu la Darius I, lekhalo la lilemo tse 5 (tharollo ea Artaxerxes ea Esera 7 ho ea pele le Nehemia). Ha ea ka ea tlohela sebaka sa puso eohle ea Xerxes ea lilemo tse 21.

Karolo ea ho qetela:

• Xerxes o ile a eketsoa ka nako ea puso ea lilemo tse 21, lilemo tse 16 e le mmusi-mmoho le ntate oa hae Darius, le lilemo tse 5 e le 'musi a le mong.

Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana ho qaleho ea letoto la rona, litsebi tse ling li lumela hore ho na le bopaki ba hore Xerxes o sebelisane le ntate oa hae Darius ka lilemo tse 16. Haeba Xerxes e ne e le 'musi' moho le Dariuse 'me ka lefu la Dariuse, e ile ea e-ba' musi ea fanang ka tlhaloso e ntle. Joang joale? Xerxes e ne e tla ba 'musi a le mong bakeng sa lilemo tse 5 tsa ho qetela tsa puso ea hae pele a hlahlangoa ke mora oa hae Artaxerxes.

Ptolemy o fa Artaxerxes I puso ea hae ea ho busa lilemo tse 41 le Artaxerxes II e le bolelele ba lilemo tse 46. Hlokomela phapang ea lilemo tse 5. Ho ipapisitsoe le hore na e baliloe joang Artaxerxese ho ka thoe o busitse lilemo tse 41 a le mong kapa mohlomong lilemo tse 46 ho kenyelletsa puso ea kopane ea lilemo tse 5 le ntate oa hae Xerxes ka mor'a lefu la ntate-moholo oa hae Darius I. Sena se tla baka pherekano ea morao-rao ke bo-rahistori joalo ka Ptolemy mabapi le puso ea Artaxerxes e fapaneng. Ka mehloli e fapaneng e fanang ka bolelele bo fapaneng ba Artaxerxes, Ptolemy a ka be a ile a nahana hore se tsejoang ka hore ke Artaxerxes I le Artaxerxes II e ne e le marena a fapaneng ho fapana le a le mong.

Kakaretso ea Phapang ho Litharollo tsa Bonna:

1. Xerxes I ke sebelisane 'moho le Darius I ka lilemo tse 16.
2. Puso ea Artaxerxes II ea lilemo tse 46 ho latela Ptolemy e tloheloa e le phetiso ea Artaxerxes I.
3. Puso ea Artaxerxes III e khutsufalitsoe ho tloha ho lilemo tse 21 ho isa ho tse peli kapa e na le 'muso o kopaneng oa phapang e setseng ea lilemo tse 2.
4. Asses kapa Artaxerxes IV o qetile lilemo tse 3 tsa Manetho li fokotsoe ho fihlela lilemo tse 2 tsa Ptolemy kapa 1 ea puso ea kopanelo le lilemo tse peli.
5. Liphetoho tse felletseng ke lilemo tse 16 + 46 + 19 + 1 = 82.

Liphetoho tsena kaofela li entsoe ka motheo o motle 'me li lumella boporofeta ba Bibele ba Daniele 9: 24-27 hore bo nepahale empa leha ho le joalo bo lumella lintlha tsohle tse tsebahalang tsa nalane hore li nepahale. Ka tsela ena re ka tšehetsa 'nete ea lentsoe la Molimo joalokaha le boletsoe ho Ba-Roma 3: 4, moo Moapostola Pauluse a itseng "Empa Molimo a ke a fumanoe a le nnete, leha monna e mong le e mong a ka fumanoa a le leshano ”.

13. Taba ea ho Ngoloa ka Sehloohong - Tharollo

Habohlokoa ka ho fetisisa kutlwisiso ena hape e ile ea lumella mongolo oa A3P ho nepahala ha mola o hlokahalang oa tatellano ho lekana mongolo o ne o ntse o tsitsitse, leha o ne o theoha oa Artaxerxes II.

Sengoloa sa A3P sea baleha Morena e moholo Artaxerxes [III], morena oa marena, morena oa linaha, morena oa lefatše lena, o re: Ke mora oa morena Artakserksese [II Mnemon]. Artaxerxese e ne e le mora oa morena Dariuse [II Nothus]. Dariuse e ne e le mora oa morena Artakserksese [I]. Artaxerxese e ne e le mora oa morena Xerxes. Xerxes e ne e le mora oa morena Dariuse [e Moholo]. Dariuse e ne e le mora oa monna ea bitsoang Metsotsoana. Hystaspes e ne e le mora oa monna ea bitsoang Mabitso, e Selemo. " [V]

Hlokomela linomoro tse [bracketed [III] kaha ena ke tlhaloso ea mofetoleli, kaha lingoloa le litlaleho tsa mantlha ha li fe Marena palo ea ho a khetholla ho tsoa ho marena a fetileng. Ena ke kenyelletso ea sejoale-joale ho nolofalletsa boitsebiso

Bakeng sa tharollo ena, mongolo oa A3P o ka utloisisoa ho bala "Morena e moholo Artaxerxese [IV], Morena oa marena, morena oa linaha, morena oa lefatše lena, o re: Ke mora oa morena Artakserksese [III]. Artaxerxese e ne e le mora oa morena Dariuse [II Nothus]. Dariuse e ne e le mora oa morena Artakserksese [Mnemonate]. Artaxerxese e ne e le mora oa morena Xerxes. Xerxes e ne e le mora oa morena Dariuse [e Moholo, hape Longimanus]. Dariuse e ne e le mora oa monna ea bitsoang Metsotsoana. Hystaspes e ne e le mora oa monna ea bitsoang Mabitso, e Selemo. "

Lethathamo le latelang le fana ka papiso ea litlhaloso tse peli ka bobeli li lumellana le se ngotsoeng.

Sengoloa - Lethathamo la King	Kabelo ea motho	Mosebetsi ka tharollo ena
Artakserksese	III (Lipes)	IV
Artakserksese	II (Mnemon)	III (Lipes)
Dariuse	II (Nothus)	II (Nothus)
Artakserksese	'Na (Longimanus)	Nna (Mnemon)
Xerxese	I	I
Dariuse	I	'Na (le Artaxerxes, Longimanus)

 

 

14.      Sanballat - E 'ngoe, Tse peli kapa Tse tharo?

Sanbalate oa Horonite o hlaha tlalehong ea Bibele ho Nehemia 2:10 ho 20^th Year of Artaxerxes, eo hajoale a tsebisoang tharollo ena e le Dariuse e Moholo. Nehemia 13:28 e supa hore e mong oa bara ba Joiada mora oa Eliashibe moprista ea phahameng e ne e le mokhoenyana oa Sanbalate oa Horone. Ketsahalo ena e etsahetse nakoana kamora hore Nehemia a khutlele ho Artaxerxes (Darius e Moholo) ho Morena 32^nd selemo. Mohlomong lilemo tse peli kapa tse tharo hamorao.

Re fumana menyako ea bara ba hae Delaiah le Shelemiah ho Elefine Papyri hammoho le Johanan e le Moprista ea Phahameng.

Ho fumana lintlha ka botlalo ho Elephantine Temple Papyri re fumana tse latelang.

Ho ea Bagohi [Persia] 'musisi oa Juda, [ho] baprista ba leng Elefane qhobosheane. Vidranga, Hlooho ['Musisi oa Egepeta ho sa hlokahale Arsames] e boletse, ka selemo sa 14 sa Morena Darius [I?]: "Qhaqha tempele ea YHW Molimo o ka Elephantine qhobosheane". Litšiea le menyako ea Lejoe le betliloeng, mamati a emeng, lihokelo tsa boronse tsa mamati ao, marulelo a lehong la kedare, lintho tse entsoeng ka mollo ba li chesa ka mollo, likotlolo tsa khauta le tsa silevera tse utsoitsoeng. Li-Cambyses [mora oa Cyruse] a senya litempele tsa Baegepeta empa eseng tempele ea YHW. Re batla tumello ho Johanan Moprista e Moholo Jerusalema ho aha bocha tempele kaha e ne e hahiloe pele ho nyehela nyehelo ea lijo, libano le koluoa ​​aletareng ea YHW Molimo. Ra bolella le Delaia le Shelemia bara ba Sanbalate 'musisi oa Samaria. [ea la 20 Mar Marvanvan, selemo sa 17 sa Morena Dariuse [II?]. ” [Libakaka li bonts'a tlhaiso-leseling e hlalosang moelelo oa taba].

"Ho feta moo, ho tloha ka khoeli ea Tammuze, selemong sa leshome le metso e mene sa Morena Dariuse ho fihlela kajeno, re ntse re apere lesela la mokotla, re bile re itima lijo; basali ba rona ba etsoa bahlolohali; (rona) ha re itlotse ka oli ebile ha re noe veine. Ho feta moo, ho tloha ka nako eo (ho fihlela ka letsatsi lena), ka selemo sa 14 sa Morena Dariuse ”. [vi]

Ka tharollo e khothalelitsoeng Morena Darius oa Papyri e kanna ea ba Darius II, nakoana kamora hore 'Muso oa Persia o oe ho Alexander the Great.

Tharollo e hlakileng, 'me e lumellanang le lintlha tse tsejoang, ke hore ho ne ho e-na le tse peli tsa Sanballat ka tsela e latelang:

• Sanballat [I] - e pakiloe ho Nehemia 2:10. Ho nka lilemo tse ka bang 35 ho tse 20^th Year of Artaxerxes (Darius I) joalo ka ha e ne e le 'Musisi, a ka be a ne a ka ba lilemo tse 50 ho Nehemia 13:28, e ka bang ba 33^rd Selemo sa Dariuse I / Artaxerxes. Sena se ne se tla lumella e mong oa bara ba Joiada ho ba mokhoenyana oa Sanballat [I] ka nako ena.
• Mora oa Sanbalat ea sa boleloang ka lebitso - haeba re lumella hore mora a sa tsoaloa a sa tsoaloe Sanballat [I] a le lilemo li 22, seo se tla lumella Sanballat [II] ea hlahetseng mora ea sa boleloang ka lebitso a le lilemo li 21/22.
• Sanballat [II] - e pakiloe ho mangolo a Elephantine a ngotsoeng ho la 14^th selemo le la 17^th selemo sa Dariuse.[vii] Ho nka Darius joalo ka Darius II hona ho ka lumella Sanballat [II] hore a be lilemong tsa bo-60 lilemong tsa bo-70 ka nako ena 'me a shoa a tsofetse ha a le lilemo li 82, likhoeli tse 7 ho thakholoa ha Tiro ke Alexander the Great. E ne e tla lumella bara ba hae ba nang le lebitso Delaiah le Shemeliah hore ba tsofetse ka ho lekaneng (ba habileng lilemo tse 40) hore ba nke karolo ea mesebetsi ea tsamaiso ho ntate oa bona joalo ka ha mangolo a bontša.

Ha ho na lintlha tseo mongoli a li tsebang tse ka hanyetsang tharollo ena e khothalelitsoeng.

Lintlha li fumanoe ho sengoloa se nang le sehlooho "Litsebi tsa Lintho tsa khale le Lingoliloeng tsa Mehleng ea Persia, Shebana le Sanballat ” [viii], empa litlhaloso li ile tsa hlokomolohuoa, 'me lintlha tse' maloa tse neng li le teng li ile tsa kenngoa molemong oa tharollo.

15.      Bopaki ba Letlapa la Cuneiform - Na bo hanana le Tharollo ee?

Ha ho na matlapa a cuneiform a netefalitsoeng a Artaxerxes III, Artaxerxes IV, le Darius III. Re tlameha ho itšetleha ka bo-rahistori ba khale bakeng sa bolelele ba bona ba puso. Joalokaha u tla bona ho tloha tafoleng ea pejana, ho na le bolelele bo fapaneng bo se nang bopaki ba ho tšehetsa leha e le bofe ba bona bo nepahetse. Le matlapa a cuneiform a abetsoeng Artaxerxes I, II, le III a etsoa haholo ka linako tse ling kaha marena a ne a sa balloe mehleng ea Persia. Kabelo ea litafole hangata e etsoa motheong oa hore tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Ptolemy e nepahetse. Litsebi, ka ho se tsebe sena, li bolela hore matlapa ana a cuneiform a tiisa tatellano ea Ptolemy, leha ho le joalo ena ke mabaka a potolohileng.

Morero oa lipalo oa Morena joalo ka I, II, III, IV, jj. Ke kenyelletso ea sejoale-joale ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho tsebahala.

Nakong ea ho ngola sengoli ha a tsebe bopaki leha e le bofe ba letlapa la cuneiform bo ka hanyetsang tharollo ena. Ka kopo bona Sehlomathiso 1[ix] le Sehlomathisong 2[x] Bakeng sa boitsebiso bo eketsehileng.

 

fihlela qeto e

Tharollo ena e ile ea lekola le ho fuputsa selemo sa ho fela ha tse supileng tse supileng. E boetse e netefalitse selemo sa ho qala sa tse supileng tsa ho qetela. Ho sebetsana le sena ho qala selemo bakeng sa nako eohle ho ile ha thehoa le selemo sa ho fela ha tse supileng le ho qala ha tse mashome a supileng a metso e supileng. Bakhethoa ba ho theha taelo kapa polelo / taelo e qalileng nako ea 70s li ile tsa hlahlojoa 'me tsa etsoa liqeto ho latela mangolo. Ha re se re thehile lilemo tsena tse 'ne tsa bohlokoa, bopaki bo bong bo ile ba kenyelletsoa moralong ona oa kemiso.

Leetong lena le lelelele re fumane tharollo bakeng sa mathata ohle a 13 a maholo a boletsoeng, a hlahisitsoeng ke litlhaloso tse seng li ntse li le teng.

Nakong ea phethoa (Mots'eanong 2020) sengoli se ne se so ka se tsotella, kapa sa fumana kapa sa tsebisoa ka letho linnete tse pakang seo e hananang le tharollo e hlahisitsoeng. Sena ha se bolele hore e kanna ea se ke ea hloka ho ntlafatsoa ha nako e ntse e ea, empa tharollo ea kakaretso hajoale e nkoa e netefalitsoe ntle le pelaelo e teng hona joale.

Ho fihlela tharollo ena botšepehi ba rekoto ea Bibele bo ts'episitsoe mme kae kapa kae moo ho neng ho khonahala ba ka sebelisa Bibele ho itlhalosa. Re boetse re batlana le litlhaloso tse utloahalang tsa lintlha tse tsebahalang tsa nalane tse lumellanang le tlaleho ea Bibele e hlahileng, ho fapana le ho nka nalane ea lefatše e le motheo le ho leka ho etsa rekoto ea Bebele ho eona.

Nakong ea ho etsa joalo, mabaka a ho arola boprofeta ba Messia ho 7 a supa le 62s le halofo ea supa le halofo e 'ngoe ea supa a bonahetse. Boprofeta bona bo boetse bo nkuoe moelelong oa eona oa Bibeleng ho fapana le ho ikarola. Sena se fana ka mabaka a hore na ke hobaneng ha Daniele a fuoe boporofeta bona ka nako eo a neng a le ho eona, ho 1^st selemo sa Dariuse oa Momede, e leng:

• Ho netefatsa pheletso ea litlatsetso
• Ho lebella Mesia
• Ho matlafatsa tumelo ea Daniele hobane o ne a tla bona ho qala ha nako ena e ncha ea boporofeta

Daniele o ne a boetse a tseba ka lilemo tse 70 tsa ho sebeletsa Babilona, ​​le lilemo tse 49 tsa Jerusalema le timetso e felletseng ea Temple le tokollo ea selemo sa Jubile. Ka hona, lilemo tse 49 tsa ho aha Jerusalema hape le tempele li ne li tla utloisisoa ke Daniele, joalo ka nako ea boporofeta e felletseng ea nako e kholo ea 70s ho fihlela qetellong ea nako hore Bajude ba be le monyetla oa ho felisa tlolo ea bona.

Nako ea ho khutla ha Esera le ho khutlisetsa mesebetsi ea ma-Levi le boitelo kamora ho phethoa ha tempele le hona joale e ea utloahala, hammoho le lintho tse ling tse ngata.

Babali ba ka boela ba ipotsa hore na tharollo ee e baka mathata bakeng sa liqeto tse hlahisitsoeng letotong "A Leeto la sibolloa ka Nako"[xi], e neng e sebetsana le liketsahalo le boprofeta mabapi le ho isoa botlamuoeng Babylona. Karabo ke hore ea fetoha ea mong ea liqeto tse hlahisitsoeng. Phetoho feela e neng e tla hlokahala ke ho lokisa lilemo tse khothalelitsoeng Khalendareng ea Julian ka ho li fokotsa ka lilemo tse 82, ho tloha ka 539 BC ho isa ho 456 BC kapa ka 455 BC, le ba bang kaofela ka tekanyo e lekanang.

Kutloisiso ena ea boprofeta ba Mesia e boetse e tiisa ho tiisa sepheo sa "Leeto la ho Tseba ha nako e ntse e ea ”. Ka mantsoe a mang, tlhaloso ea Daniele ea toro ea Nebukadnezare ea litoro tse supileng tse nang le phethahatso e kh is olileng ha e khonehe, haholoholo ka letsatsi la ho qala la 607 BC kapa letsatsi la pheletso la 1914 AD.

Kamora nako ea bohlokoa le ho feta, sepheo sa lipatlisiso se atlehile. Ka mantsoe a mang, tharollo e khothalelitsoeng e netefalitse ebile e fane ka bopaki ba hore ehlile Jesu e ne e le Mesia ea tšepisitsoeng oa boporofeta ba Daniele ho Daniele 9: 24-27.

 

 

 

 

Sehlomathiso 1 - Bopaki ba Cuneiform bo fumaneha bakeng sa Marena a Persia

 

Mohloli oa tlhaiso-leseling e latelang ke Tlaleho ea nalane ea Babylona 626 BC - AD75 ka Richard A. Parker le Waldo H Dubberstein 1956 (4^th Ho hatisa 1975). Kopi ea inthanete e fumanehang ho:  https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/babylon/downloads/babylonian_chronology_pd_1956.pdf

 

Leqephe 14-19 la Buka, leqepheng la 28-33 la pdf

Notes:

Kopano ea marato ke: Khoeli (lipalo tsa Roma) / Letsatsi / Selemo.

Acc = Selemo sa kamohelo, ke hore Selemo sa 0.

? = e sa baleheng kapa e sieo kapa e belaetsang.

VI₂ = 2^nd khoeli ea 6, khoeli e kopaneng (khoeli e tlohang ho almanaka ea khoeli)

 

Cyruse

Ea pele: VII / 16 / Acc Babylona ea oa (Nabunaid Chronicle)

Qetellong: V / 23/9 Borsippa (VAS Setšoantšo sa 42)

Li-Cambyses

                Ea pele: VI / 12 / Acc Babylona (Strassmaier, Li-Cambyses(Nomoro ea 1)

                Qetellong: I / 23/8 Shahrinu (Stassmaier, Li-Cambyses, Che. 409)

Bardiya

                Pele: XII / 14 / ?? Mohala oa Behistun oa Ngolo ea 11 (ea Dariuse I)

                Qetellong: VII / 10 / ?? Mohala oa Behistun oa Ngoliso ea 13 (ea Dariuse I)

 

Dariuse I

                Ea pele: XI / 20 / Acc Sippar (Strassmaier, Dariuse(Nomoro ea 1)

                Qetellong: VII / 17 kapa 27/36 Borsippa (V JOALOKAHA IV 180)

Xerxese

                Pele: VIII kapa XII / 22 / Acc Borsippa (V JOALOKAHA Setšoantšo sa 117)

                Qetellong: V / 14? - 18? / 21 BM32234

Artaxerxese I

                Ea pele: III / - / 1 PT 4 441 [Cameron]

                Qetellong: XI / 17/41 Tarbaaa (Clay, BE IX 109)

Dariuse II

                Ea pele: XI / 4 / acc Babylona (Clay, BE X 1)

Ho qetela: VI₂/ 2/16 Ure (Setšoantšo sa Figulla, UET IV 93)

Ha ho matlapa a yrs 17-19 a Darius II

Artakserksese II

                                                Ha ho na matlapa a ho fumaneha ha Artaxerxes II

Pele: II / 25/1 Ure (Figulla, UET IV 60)

 

Qetellong: VIII / 10/46? Babylona (V JOALOKAHA VI 186; lipalo-palo li senyehile hanyane hanyane empa li baloa e le "46" ka Arthur Ungad)

Artakserksese III

Ha ho na matlapa a cuneiform a mehleng ena

Linokoane / Artaxerxes IV

Ha ho na matlapa a cuneiform a mehleng ena

Dariuse III

Ha ho na matlapa a cuneiform a mehleng ena

Bopaki ba Cuneiform bakeng sa 5yrs naheng ea Babilona

Ptolemaic Canon 4 Lilemo tse XNUMX tsa ho busa Egepeta

 

 

 

Sehlomathiso 2 - tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Baegepeta bakeng sa nako ea Akaemenid [Medo-Persian]

Ho na le leha ho le joalo, karolo e le 'ngoe ea papali e neng e setse ho fihlela qetellong. Lebaka leo le neng le tlohetsoe ho fihlela qetellong ke hore taba ea puso ea Persia naheng ea Egepeta e ne e sa ameha Mangolong.

Kamora nako e telele e sebelisitsoeng ho etsa lipatlisiso sephetho e bile hore ho na le lintlha tse fokolang haholo tsa ho ratana le puso ea Persia ea Egepeta kapa tsa Pharoah ea lehae. Bongata ba matsatsi a fanoeng bakeng sa babusisi ba marena a Persia e le babusi lebitsong la marena a Persia, bo thehiloe ho tatellano ea tatellano ea Ptolemaic ea Marena a Persia ho fapana le litšupiso tsa papyri kapa cuneiform. Hoa tšoana le ka Marena / Pharoah's of the Dynasties ea Baegepeta ea ba 28^th, 29^th 'me 30^th.

Lepatlelo tsa Persia

• Aryandes: - O busitsoe ho tloha Selemong sa 5 sa Cambyses II ho ea ho 1 ea Darius I.
• Aryandes: - O khethiloe hape ke Darius I ho 5 ea hae^th

O busoa ho fihlela Selemong sa 27 sa Dariuse I?

• Pheredates: - E sebelisitsoe lilemo tse 11?

Ho tloha ka selemo sa 28? ea Dariuse I ho ea 18? of Xerxes I (= Dariuse I, lilemo tse 36 +2)?

• Achaemenes: - E busitsoe lilemo tse 27?

Ho tswa ho 19^th - 21^st ea Xerxes? le 1^st - 24^th selemo Artaxerxes [II]?

• Arsames: - E busitsoe lilemo tse 40?

Ho tswa ho 25^th Artaxerxes [II] ho isa ho 3^rd Artaxerxes IV?

Ho tsoa matsatsing ana kaofela, ke ona feela hatisitsoeng ba na le bonnete. Rekoto / Direkoto tse tšoarellang li tšosa ho tloha nakong ena. Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi mabapi le Satrapies ea Persia ka kakaretso le Egepeta ka ho khetheha bona

http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/achaemenid-satrapies tlasa 5, 5.1, 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.2, 5.3.

 

Leloko la Faroonic 27

Tatellano ea litaba ea 'muso e ka fumaneha mona: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Timeline_of_the_27th_Dynasty_(Achaemenid_Pharaohs_only).

Lintlha tse latelang tsa bohlokoa li lokela ho hlokomeloa:

• Ke baCyyses II le Darius I feela ba tsejoang ba nang le mabitso a terone, ho ba Mesutire le Stutre ka ho latellana.
• Molao oa Morena e mong le e mong oa Persia oa Egepeta o ipapisitse le tatellano ea nalane ea Persia eo ka nako eo e ipapisitseng le tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa buka ea Ptolemy ho 2^nd Lekholong la lilemo AD. Ka lebaka la tharollo e boletsoeng lethathamong lena, hona ho ka etsa hore matsatsi a neng a buelletse a puso ea Marena a Persia Egepeta le ona a fosahale. Ka lebaka la hore ha ho na bopaki bo fokolang kapa bo ke keng ba bonoa haholo-holo ka ho hokahana ha liketsahalo ha ho na mathata bakeng sa tharollo e boletsoeng. Kahoo matsatsi a puso ea Persia ho busa Egepeta a tlameha ho ba a sa nepahala mme a hloka feela ho ntlafatsoa ho latela tharollo ea nako le bolelele ba puso ea marena a Persia a Persia.
• Lethathamo le na le Marena ohle a Persia ho tloha Cambyses II ho ea Darius II hape le kenyeletsa marabele Petubastis III nakong ea lilemo tse tharo tsa pele tsa puso ea Darius I le Psamtik IV nakong ea Xerxes.
• Ho na le bopaki ba hieroglyphic bakeng sa Darius (I) ho 4 ea hae^th selemo, le mengolo e 'maloa e ngotsoeng ka lebitso la hae, empa eseng letsatsi.[xii]
• Ho na le mengolo ea hieroglyphic bakeng sa Xerxes bakeng sa lilemo tsa hae 2-13.[xiii]
• Ho na le mengolo ea hieroglyphic bakeng sa Artaxerxes oa lefats'e, tharollo ena, Artaxerxes II. [xiv]
• Ha ho na litšoantšo tse amanang le Darius II kapa Artaxerxes II ea lefatše, tharollo ena, Artaxerxes III.
• Bopaki ba morao-rao ba papyri bakeng sa Darius (I) ke selemo sa hae sa 35.[xv]
• Ntle le pale ea khale ea Elephantine papyri ea Darius (II) eo ho builoeng ka eona tlasa Sanballat, ha ho na bopaki bo bong ba hore mongoli o atlehile ho fumana le ho netefatsa.

 

Dynasties ea Egepeta eaoniconic 28, 29, 30[xvi]

Dynasty	Pharoah	Busa
28th
	Li-Amyrteos	lilemo tse 6
29th
	MaNepherishe I	lilemo tse 6
	Tlholohelo	1 selemo sa
	Achoris	lilemo tse 13
	Banefi II	likhoeli 4
30th	(ho Eusebius)
	Li-Nectanebes (I)	lilemo tse 10
	Motsoako	lilemo tse 2
	Nectanebus (II)	lilemo tse 8

 

Tafole ena e thehiloe lenaneng la Manetho joalokaha e bolokiloe ke Eusebius.

Ka lebaka la khaello ea litokomane kapa lingoliloeng tse fumanehang le hore ho na le likheo lipakeng tsa marena ana, le hore marena ana a busa Egepeta e tlase feela (Nile Delta, kapa likarolo tsa eona), sena se ba lumella ho busa ka nako e le ngoe le Satraps efe kapa efe ea Persia e busang holimo Egypt ho kenyeletsoa Memphis le Karnak, jj. Ho boetse ho bolela hore ha ho na liphapang tse tšoenyang tsa likhokahano bakeng sa tharollo e ntlafalitsoeng ea bolelele ba puso, jj. Ea Marena a Persia. Ha ho ka hlahisoa bopaki bo bocha ba lintlha tse ling ho sengoli, karolo ena e tla hlahlojoa bocha. Ka 'nete, sengoli se bua ka li-papyri tse nang le lilemo tsa borena le lebitso la Morena, kapa matlapa a cuneiform kapa mengolo e fang Morena oa Persia le selemo sa puso ea Morena, lintlha tse lumellanang, kapa tse ka thehoang maemong.

Ka mohlala, litlhaku tsa Elephantine Papyri li na le mehla ea Dariuse selemo sa 5, selemo sa 14 le selemo sa 17, le Jehohanan (Moprista ea Phahameng oa Sejuda) kamora lefu la Nehemia. Sena se ne se tla ba beha joalo ka ha ba ne ba le pusong ea Darius II, leseli le kaholimo le lumellang Darius II ho busa Elephantine, Upper Egypt, (Aswan ea kajeno, haufi le letamo).

 

[I] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusebius

[Ii] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sextus_Julius_Africanus

[Iii] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy

[Iv] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdowsi

[V] https://www.livius.org/sources/content/achaemenid-royal-inscriptions/a3pa/ 'me

"Lexon ea boholo-holo ea Persia le lingoloa tsa mengolo ea ma-Achaemenidan li fetoletse le ho li fetolela ka mokhoa o ikhethileng mabapi le tlhahlobo ea tsona ea morao-rao," ke Herbert Cushing Tolman, ka 1908. leq. 42-43 ea buka (eseng pdf) e na le phetolelo le phetolelo. https://archive.org/details/cu31924026893150/page/n10/mode/2up

[vi] Moelelo oa Lengolo, Bezalel Porten, COS 3.51, 2003 AD

[vii] Lintlha tse ling le litšoantšo tsa Libuka Tse Ngotsoeng ka Tlou tse fumanehang mona https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-manuscripts-archeology-Elephantine-papyrus-Egypt-Aswan-Syene-Darius-persian-Jewish-colony-temple-burned-Bagohi-Sanballat-passover-wine-fortress-Ezek29-10-495-399BC.htm#four.

Leha ho le joalo, sengoli ha se amohele matsatsi a fanoeng moo, e leng tlhaloso ea lingoli tsa sebaka sa marang-rang, haholoholo ka lebaka la bopaki bohle ba Bebele le bopaki bo bong bo hlahisitsoeng letotong lena. Linnete leha ho le joalo li ka nts'oa le ho sebelisoa ho fana ka setšoantšo se felletseng sa nako ena le ho hlahloba hore na ho na le lintlha tse lumellanang le tharollo e boletsoeng, eo ho seng ea e etsang.

[viii]  https://www.academia.edu/9821128/Archaeology_and_Texts_in_the_Persian_Period_Focus_on_Sanballat

[ix] Sehlomathiso 1 - Bopaki ba Cuneiform bo fumaneha bakeng sa Marena a Persia

[x] Sehlomathiso 2 - tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Baegepeta bakeng sa nako ea Akaemenid [Medo-Persian]

[xi] https://beroeans.net/2019/06/12/a-journey-of-discovery-through-time-an-introduction-part-1/

[xii] Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lenane bona https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt/chronology/darius.html

[xiii] Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lenane bona https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt/chronology/xerxesi.html

[xiv] Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lenane bona https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt/chronology/artaxerxesi.html

[xv] Hermopolis Papyri https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/107318/preater_1.pdf?sequence=1

[xvi] E ipapisitse le mofuta oa Eusebius oa Manetho: http://antikforever.com/Egypte/Divers/Manethon.htm