ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka moʻolelo ʻo Genesis mai kahi kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia - Māhele 1

Introduction

E noʻonoʻo no kekahi manawa ua makemake ʻoe e ʻimi e hoʻomanaʻo i ka mōʻaukala o kou ʻohana a i ʻole nā ​​kānaka a hoʻopaʻa iā ia no ka hanauna. Eia kekahi, manaʻo ʻoe e makemake hoʻi i ka hoʻomanaʻo i nā hanana nui loa i kahi ala maʻalahi e poina ʻole ʻoe. Pehea pehea a pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i kēlā?

• Malia paha e kaha kiʻi a pena paha i kekahi mau kiʻi? ʻO ka pilikia me nā kiʻi ʻoiai ua maʻalahi lākou a nalo a hōʻino paha.
• Malia paha hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka palapala a i ʻole monumona? ʻO ka pilikia ʻo ia ka mea ua wailana ʻia ka manawa a i ʻole e luku ʻia e nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻole a makemake ʻole paha.
• Eia hou, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke kākau i ke ʻano o ka kikokikona? Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole hiki ke kope maʻalahi i nā moʻolelo a pau. ʻO ka pilikia ʻo ka pepa a i nā papyrus a i ole vellum ka mea i hoʻopau ʻia.
• No laila, ma kahi o nā mea i luna aʻe, e pili ana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka wehewehe i loko o ke ʻano o kāu mau ʻōlelo? Inā he mau huaʻōlelo a i ʻole kuhi paha nā huaʻōlelo, lilo lākou i mooolelo ʻike a me nā heluhelu o nā hanana a me nā manaʻo āu e makemake ai e haʻi. ʻO ke kumu, ke kahakaha a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe i kekahi hua ʻōlelo kiʻi iā ʻoe a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā mea i kēlā mau makahiki i hala aku nei i ka wā e hoʻohana ai ʻoe i kēlā mau kiʻi kikoʻī.

Ua wehewehe ʻia kahi kiʻi he kiʻi paʻi kiʻi no kahi huaʻōlelo a i ʻole ka mākaukau. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi paʻi e like me ke ʻano kākau mua ma mua e like me hieroglyphics mai ʻAigupita a i ʻole mau ʻāpana haole.

 "ʻO ke kiʻi he kūpono no hoʻokahi mau huaʻōlelo". No laila hele i kahi hoʻolaha ʻōlelo Pelekāne kaulana.

Ke ʻōlelo ʻia nei hoʻi nā kaona kahi i nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, Napoleon Bonaparte[I] i'ōleloʻia, “ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi kauā maikaʻi ma mua o ka ʻōlelo lōʻihi”. ʻO ka mea pena kaulana a me ka mea hana Leonardo da Vinci[Ii] kākau e, e lilo ai kekahi wahi poi "E hōʻeha ʻia e ka hiamoe a me ka pōloli ma mua o ka hiki ke wehewehe me ka huaʻōlelo i ka mea i hiki ai i ka mea pena ke hōʻike i kahi manawa koke".

ʻO ʻOogrograms ka manaʻo maikaʻi loa, ʻoi aku ka nīnau ma mua? He aha ka moʻolelo e hiki ai iā kākou ke nānā, inā mai kekahi o nā hieroglyphs o ʻAigupita a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana haina?

E hoʻomaka ana kēia ʻatikala i kaʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ʻōlelo ʻana e hiki i nā kiʻi ke haʻi aku i kēia moʻolelo. I ka hana ʻana e ʻike mākou i ka hōʻoia o ka moʻolelo Baibala a no laila, pono ke kumu kūpono o nā moʻolelo i kākau ʻia ma loko. No laila, e hoʻomaka mākou i kā mākou ʻimi no nā kiʻi paʻi i loko o nā kiʻi i wehewehe nā hanana nui i nā moʻolelo Baibala a ma ka hana ʻana e hōʻoia i ka moʻolelo Paʻa mai kahi kumu i manaʻo ʻole ʻia.

kāʻei kua

Kuhi ʻia ka mōʻaukala Kina no ka haki ʻana ma kahi o 4,500 mau makahiki a hiki i ka 2500 o ka SM. Aia kēia me nā palapala kākau a kākau ʻia. ʻOiai ua loli kekahi o nā mea hana i nā kenekulia (e like me nā ʻōlelo āpau e pili ana i ka Hebera), ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻōlelo kākau haole o kēia mau lā kiʻi paʻi kauiia. ʻOiai ʻo kēia kaulana ua kaulana ʻo Kina no kāna mau manaʻo komunista a me nā aʻo ate ateista, ʻaʻole ʻike paha a manaʻo paha he aha nā manaʻo o ka poʻe China i paʻa ai ma mua o ke Kinaʻohana Komunistes o ka makahiki 1949.

Ke hoʻi nei i ka mōʻaukala Kina ua ʻike mākou ua hoʻomaka ʻo Daoism i ka 6^th I ka makahiki 5, a me Confucianism i hoʻomaka i ka XNUMX^th ʻElua makahiki, ma Buddha. Ua ʻike ʻia, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ua Kuleana ma Kina ma ka 7 a^th ʻO Matekene AD ma ka mōʻī o Tang. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa i ka aʻa a hiki i ka 16^th kenekulia AD me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā misionari Jesuit. ʻOiai hiki i kēia lā, ua manaʻo ʻia aia he 30 miliona mau keristiano ma kahi ʻāina me ka heluna kanaka e hoʻokokoke ana i ka 1.4 biliona, ʻo 2% wale nō o ka heluna kanaka. No laila, ua palena iki ka hopena o ka Karistiano ma ka ʻōlelo, ʻaʻole wale ma ka pauku hapa, akā no nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe nei i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka Karistiano.

ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka hapanui o ka honua i kēia lā, ma mua o ka 6^th ʻO ʻAkahi kenekulia, no ka 2,000 mau makahiki mua o ko lākou mōʻaukala, hoʻomana ka Kina iā Shang ʻÌ. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kākau ʻia Ke Akua [Iii] (Shang Dì - ke Akua (mea hana)) ke Akua o ka lani. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ua loaʻa i kēia Akua o nā lani nā ʻano like ʻole me ke Akua o ka Baibala, ʻo Iēhova. Daniel 2: 18,19,37,44 e loaʻa ana i kēia mau huaʻōlelo "ko Akua ke Akua", A me ka Genesis 24: 3 kākau ʻo ʻAberama i ka ʻōlelo ʻana,"no ka mea, he ʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻohiki ai ʻoe iā Iēhova, ke Akua o ka lani, a me ke Akua o ka honua. Ua haʻi ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "ke Akua o ka lani" "ke Akua o ka lani," i 11 mau manawa i loko o nā puke a ʻEzera a me Nehemia a me 5 mau manawa ma kahi ʻē.

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hoʻomana o ke Akua o ka lani a ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o Daoism, Confucianism a me Buddha. ʻOiai hiki i kēia lā, komo pinepine ka hana ʻana i ka Makahiki Hou ma ke kūkulu ʻana i kuahu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā makana i ke Akua o ka lani - Shang Dì.

Eia kekahi, ma Dongcheng, Beijing (Peking), Kina kahi loaʻa kahi hale pule kahi e pili ana i kahi luakini i kapa ʻia ʻo Temple of Heaven. Kūkulu ʻia ʻo ia ma waena o 1406 AD a me 1420 AD a hoʻonui ʻia a kapa ʻia ʻo ia o ka luakini o ka lani ma ka 16^th Kahuna. ʻO ka pīhoihoi ʻaʻohe akua kiʻi o loko o kēia hale e like me nā luakini me Buddha a me ka nui o nā hale pule o nā hoʻomana ʻē.

Hōʻike ʻia i nā palapala Kina

He moʻomeheu lōʻihi ka moʻomeheu Kina i nā mea kākau a me nā mea kākau. He hoihoi hoihoi i ka loiloi i ka mea a kekahi. Nā puke kākau mua i kākau ʻia mai ka Shang Dynasty ma 1776 BC - 1122 BC a ʻike ʻia i nā hale hōʻike.

Ka manawa manawa: Ma mua o Kristo

I ka 5^th kenekulia SM, Confucius i loko o kāna mau papa he 5 ua hōʻoia i ka wā o ka Kūhaka Shang, hoʻomana lākou iā Shang ʻÌ. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kākau ʻo ia ua manaʻo lākou ʻo Shang ʻÌ he aupuni i ka mana ma nā lāhui. Eia pū, ʻo Shang ʻÌ e hoʻokele i ka makani, ka ua a me nā mea āpau o nā ʻuhane. Ua kapa lākou iā ia, ʻo ke Aliʻi o ka hōʻiliʻili.

Ua hoʻopio ʻia ka ʻano koa Shang e ka Zhou Dynasty (1122 SM - 255 BC). ʻO ke kanaka Zhou i kapa ʻia he Akua "tian". lā. ^ E Ha yM. Hana ʻia i ʻelua mau hiʻohiʻona Hoʻokahi, "Hookahi" a Nui, "Nunui" a "nui", no laila e hāʻawi ana i ke ʻano o "ka mea nui". Ua pili like kēia i ka wehewehe ʻana o ke Akua o ka Baibala i kākau ʻia ma ka Genese 14:18, kahi i ʻōlelo ʻo Melekisekidekek "He kahuna no ke Akua kiʻekiʻe".

Nā Palapala Hoʻoʻolelo (vol 28, Buke 6, pg 621) a ua hōʻoia i kēia mea i ka wā i ʻōlelo ai “ʻO Shang Di kekahi inoa no Tian. ʻAʻohe ʻuhane ʻelua ʻelua ʻuhane..

He mea kupaianaha nō hoʻi ʻoe i nānā pololei iā Shang Dì he Haku a haku paha o ka lani a me nā ʻuhane ʻē aʻe (ʻānela a me nā daimonio).

I ka 4^th kenekulia SM, he kanaka naʻauao koʻikoʻi o Zhuang Zhou. Ua kākau ʻo "- I ka hoʻomaka 'ana o nā mea a pau ka mana. ʻAʻohe mea i hiki ke inoa ʻia. "[Iv] (Hoʻohālikelike me Genesis 1: 2 - "ʻĀnō ua hōʻike i ka honua i mea ʻole a me ka ʻole a he pōʻeleʻele ma luna o ka wai hohonu."

I ka 2^nd I ke kenekulia BC, ʻo Dong Zhongshu he kumu hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi o Han. Ua makemake nui ʻo ia i ka hoʻomana o ka lani i nā kuʻuna o nā moʻomeheu o nā elima elima. Ua kākau, "ʻO ka kumu ke like me ke kumu. Aia kona ʻano i ka hohonu o ka lani a me ka honua mai ka hoʻomaka a hiki i ka hopena. " [V] (Hoʻohālikelike i ka Hōʻike 1: 8 - "ʻO wau ka alpha a me ka omega, ka hoʻomaka a me ka hopena").

Wā manawa: 14^th Makena i keke

Ma hope mai i ka Ming Ming (14^th ia 17^th ʻO ke keneturi AD) ua kākau ʻia ke mele e like me kēia:

"Mai ka wā ma mua, nui nā haunaele, ʻaʻohe ʻano a me ka pōʻeleʻele. ʻO nā papa ʻelima[VI] ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka i ka wili a me nā kukui ʻelua e hoʻomālamalama.[VII] Ma waenakonu o lākou, ʻaʻohe ʻano leo a leo ʻole.

ʻO ʻoe, ke aliʻi uhane, i hele mai i kou mana aliʻi, a ua wehe mua i ka haumia mai ka maʻemaʻe. Na oe i hana i ka lani; Ua hana ʻoe i ka honua, ua hana ʻoe i ke kanaka. Ua ola nā mea a pau me ka mana hānau. " [viii] (Hoʻohālikelike ʻo Genese 1: 1-5, 11, 24-28).

Eia kekahi, i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻaha Hoʻohui Border:

"ʻO nā ʻohana a pau o nā mea hoʻonaʻauao, e hāʻawi ʻia i kou makemake no ka hoʻomaka ʻana. Pili nā kāne a me nā mea i loko o kou aloha, e Te [Di]. A kau ʻia nā mea ola a pau i kou maikaʻi, akā, ʻo wai lā ka mea e hāʻawi i kona hoʻomaikaʻi iā ia? O oe wale no, o ka makua, o ka makua makua o na mea a pau.[IX]

“Hoʻolai ʻo ia ʻo [ShangDi] i ka lani kiʻekiʻe a hoʻokau i ka honua paʻa. A mau loa kona aupuni. "[x]

ʻAʻole hiki ke ana ʻia kou maikaʻi aliʻi. Me he potera, ua hana ʻoe i nā mea ola a pau. "

He aha nā moʻolelo e hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa ma nā kiʻi o ka ʻ Chineselelo Haina?

Hōʻikeʻike i nā Pelekikola Kina

Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kou mōʻaukala a me ka moʻomeheu i ka kākau ʻana iā lākou, he aha nā hanana āu e hoʻopuka ai e like me ka Baibala? ʻAʻole anei ʻo ia e like me ia?

• ka moolelo o ka hana ʻana,
• ka haule ana o ke kanaka i ka hewa,
• Kaina a me ʻAbela,
• ka Honua
• Moku o Babela,
• ka haunaele o na olelo

Aia kekahi mahele i kēia mau hanana i nā huaʻōlelo Kina kahi kiʻi nui aʻe ma mua o kahi huapalapala e like me nā ʻōlelo maʻamau ma ʻEulopa?

ʻOiai he mau huaʻōlelo kahi hui pū o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha pictograms e hana ana i kahi pictogram ʻoi aku paʻakikī e hoʻomaka mākou me kahi puke wehewehe ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi o nā huaʻōlelo maʻamau a hoʻohui iā lākou e pono ai. ʻO kekahi pictogram constituent i nā mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī he ʻāpana wale nō ia o kā lākou kiʻi paʻi kiʻi ponoʻī. Kū mau kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he radicals. ʻO kahi laʻana ke ʻano maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka "hele wāwae" ʻoi aku ma mua o 辶 (chou - hele wāwae), akā ʻo kēia ʻāpana wale nō i hoʻohui ʻia i nā kiʻi kiʻi ʻē aʻe. (E nānā NāXi ʻiwahī 162.)

Nā Huaʻōlelo Kūʻai Kina / Mālama Nui no ka Palekana

Ua kope ʻia nā huaʻōlelo ʻo / Chinese i kahakiʻi ʻia mai https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary? a me ka mea hoʻoili mai https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangxi_radical#Table_of_radicals. He kōkua nui ka pūnaewele mdbg.net no ka mea e haki ia kokoke i nā huapalapala / kiʻi kiʻi like ʻole i loko o kāna ʻāpana kūpanaha me kā lākou manaʻo ponoʻī.[xi] ʻAe hiki i kekahi ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī. E ʻoluʻolu, e nānā paha i ka wā e nānā ana i kahi ʻano me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palaloli Pelekane o ka haʻi ʻana i kekahi manawa me ka ʻole o kona mau accent.[xii]. No laila aia paha he mau huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka "tu" ʻo kahi laʻana, kēlā me kēia me nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ma ka "u".

土 (tǔ - lepo, lepo, lepo paha). waha (kǒu - waha, hanu), 囗(wéi - pā), Hoʻokahi (ʻī - hoʻokahi), poʻe (rén - kanaka, ka poʻe), 女 (nǚ - wahine), ʻO ka lāʻau (mù - lāʻau), 儿 (ér - ke kāne, ke keiki, nā keiki, nā wāwae),  辶 (chou - hele wāwae), 田 (tián - mahina, mahina ʻai, māla) keiki (zǐ - keiki, hua, keiki)

Nā Huaʻōlelo paʻakikī

lā (tiān-lani), emepera (dì - ke Akua), Ke Akua or 礻 abbrev. (shen, shì, - akua).

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o kahi hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī 果 (guǒ - hua). Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mea hui like o kahi lāʻau ʻO ka lāʻau a he ʻāina mālaʻi, ulu ʻāina, ʻo ia ka hana ʻai 田(Tián). No laila, ʻo kēia ʻano o ka "hua" he wehewehe kiʻi o ka "hua o ka lāʻau".

māla (guǒ yuán - orchard). ʻO kēia hui pū ʻana o nā huaʻōlelo ʻelua: ʻo ka hua (guǒ) a me kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe = hoʻokahi + keiki a / keiki + enclosure = (yuán).

困 (kùn - puni) - lāʻau i ka hoʻopuni

告 (gao - hōʻike, hoʻolaha, hoʻolaha, haʻi)

Hanau (sheng - ola, hānau ʻia)

E hoʻomau 'ia …………  ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka moʻolelo ʻo Genesis mai kahi kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia - Māhele 2

[I] “Un bon croquis vaut mieux quʻun long speels” ma Palani. Noho mai 1769-1821.

[Ii] Noho ʻo 1452-1519.

[Iii] https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary?

[Iv] Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ʻO Nā Liberty: Nā ʻ Sacredlelo Hemolele o Kina. Nā ʻĀlelo a Taoism PatI: ke Aliʻi Nui Tao. Nā palapala kākau a nā puke ʻo Kwang Ze I-XVII. Pdf version ʻaoʻao 174, para 8.

[V] http://www.greatthoughtstreasury.com/author/dong-zhongshu-aka-d%C7%92ng-zh%C3%B2ngsh%C5%AB-or-tung-chung-shu

[VI] E pili ana i nā papa honua 5 ʻike ʻia o Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, a me Saturn.

[VII] E ku e i ka lā a me ka mahina.

[viii] Nā ʻ Statlelo a nā kolamu o ka Ming Ming, James Legge, Ka Manaʻo o ka Mean XIX, 6. Nā Kīkika ʻĀina Vol. ʻO wau, p404. (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1893, [Reprinted Taipei, SMC Publ. Inc. 1994])

[IX] ʻO James Legge, ʻO ka Shu Jing (Nā puke o nā kūpuna moʻolelo): Nā Puke a Yu, 1,6, The Chinese Classics Vol III, p33-34 (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1893, [Reprinted Taipei, SMC Publ. Inc. 1994])

[x] ʻO James Legge, ʻO nā ʻike o ke Akua Kānāwai e pili ana i ke Akua a me nā Kihi (Hong Kong: Ke Aliʻi Kuhi Wai King 1852) p.52.

[xi] ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Google Translate, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi loa no ka unuhi ʻana i kekahi huaʻōlelo Pelekane i ka ʻōlelo Kina. ʻO kahi laʻana, hāʻawi ka ʻano no ka mahina ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, akā e pālahalaha ke kahua a e loaʻa ʻoe i kahi ʻano o koina China.

[xii] ʻO kēia no ka mea maʻalahi nā kope a pau i hoʻohana ʻia a ua kau ʻia, a he manawa nui ka manawa e hana. Akā, ua hana ʻia nā hana āpau e hoʻohana i nā huaʻōlelo i kākau ʻia me ka hōʻailona (acc).

Tadua

Nā ʻatikala e Tadua.