Eric: Moni, dzina langa ndi Eric Wilson. Vidiyo yomwe mukufuna kuti muwonere idalembedwa milungu ingapo yapitayo, koma chifukwa chodwala, sindinathe kumaliza mpaka pano. Udzakhala woyamba mwa makanema angapo osanthula chiphunzitso cha Utatu.

Ndikujambula kanemayu ndi Dr. James Penton yemwe ndi pulofesa wa mbiri yakale, wolemba mbiri yamaphunziro angapo, wophunzira Baibulo komanso katswiri wamaphunziro achipembedzo. Tidawona kuti yakwana nthawi yoti tisonkhanitse chuma chathu ndikuwunika chiphunzitso chomwe ambiri mwa iwo ndichizindikiro chachikhristu. Kodi inunso mumamva choncho? Kodi munthu ayenera kuvomereza Utatu kuti Mulungu amuwerengere ngati Mkhristu? Munthu uyu alidi ndi malingaliro amenewo.

[Onetsani kanema]

Ndi liti pamene kukhulupirira Utatu kunakhala maziko a Chikristu? Yesu anati anthu adzazindikira Chikristu choona ndi chikondi chomwe Akhristu adzawonetsane. Kodi okhulupirira Utatu amakhala ndi mbiri yakale yosonyeza chikondi kwa iwo omwe sagwirizana nawo? Tilola kuti mbiri iyankhe funso limeneli.

Tsopano ena anganene kuti zilibe kanthu zomwe timakhulupirira. Mutha kukhulupirira zomwe mukufuna kukhulupirira, ndipo inenso nditha kukhulupirira zomwe ndikufuna kukhulupirira. Yesu amatikonda tonsefe bola tikamamukonda iye komanso wina ndi mnzake.

Ngati zinali choncho, ndiye bwanji adamuwuza mkazi pachitsime, "ikudza nthawi, ndipo tsopano wafika, pomwe olambira owona adzalambira Atate mu Mzimu ndi m'choonadi. Inde, Atate amafuna kuti anthu otere azimulambira. Mulungu ndiye mzimu, ndipo om'lambira Iye ayenera kumlambira mumzimu ndi m'choonadi. " (Yohane 4:23, 24 Christian Standard Bible)

Mulungu akufuna anthu amene amamupembedza mu mzimu ndi mu chowonadi. Chifukwa chake, chowonadi ndichofunikira.

Koma palibe amene ali ndi chowonadi chonse. Tonsefe timalakwitsa.

Zowona, koma ndi mzimu uti womwe umatitsogolera? Kodi chimatilimbikitsa kufunafuna chowonadi ndi chiyani kuti tisakhutire ndi chiphunzitso chilichonse chosangalatsa panthawiyo?

Paulo adauza Atesalonika za iwo omwe ataya chiyembekezo: "Akuwonongeka chifukwa anakana kukonda chowonadi ndikupulumutsidwa." (2 Ates. 2:10)

Chikondi, makamaka, kukonda chowonadi, kuyenera kutilimbikitse ngati tikufuna kuyanjidwa ndi Mulungu.

Zachidziwikire, akafunsidwa, aliyense amati amakonda chowonadi. Koma tiyeni tikhale owona mtima mwankhanza pano. Ndi angati amakondadi? Ngati ndinu kholo, kodi mumawakonda ana anu? Ndikutsimikiza mumatero. Kodi mudzafera ana anu? Ndikuganiza kuti makolo ambiri atha kutaya moyo wawo kuti apulumutse mwana wawo.

Tsopano ndikufunseni izi: Kodi mumakonda chowonadi? Inde. Kodi mungafere? Kodi mungalolere kusiya moyo wanu m'malo mopereka choonadi?

Yesu anatero. Akhristu ambiri achita zimenezi. Komabe, ndi angati mwa iwo omwe amadzitcha Akhristu masiku ano omwe angafere chowonadi?

Jim ndi ine timachokera ku zikhulupiriro zomwe zimadzitcha "Choonadi". Wa Mboni za Yehova amakonda kufunsa a JW ena omwe akumana nawo kumene kuti, "Wakhala m'choonadi nthawi yayitali bwanji?", Kapena, "Unaphunzira liti choonadi?" Zomwe amafunsa ndikuti munthuyu akhala membala wa gulu la Mboni za Yehova mpaka liti.

Amasokoneza kukhulupirika ku gulu ndi kukonda chowonadi. Koma yesani kukonda kwawo chowonadi ndipo, mwa chidziwitso changa chachikulu, chowonadi chimatayika. Nenani zowona kwa iwo ndipo mumayamba kunyozedwa, kunyozedwa ndikupewanso kubwezera. Mwachidule, kuzunzidwa.

Kuzunza amene amalankhula zoona si Mboni za Yehova zokha ayi. M'malo mwake, kuzunza aliyense chifukwa sagwirizana ndi zomwe mumakhulupirira ndi mbendera yayikulu, yofiira, sichoncho? Ndikutanthauza, ngati muli ndi chowonadi, ngati mukunena zowona, kodi sizimayankhula zokha? Palibe chifukwa choukira munthu amene sagwirizana. Palibe chifukwa chowotchera pamtengo.

Tsopano pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chiphunzitso cha Utatu ndipo tiziwona pa makanema onsewa, koma tikhazikitsa chidwi chathu pa chimodzi chomwe chimavomerezedwa kwambiri m'matchalitchi achikristu masiku ano.

Kunena zowona, Jim ndi ine sitimavomereza Utatu, ngakhale timavomereza kuti Yesu ndi Mulungu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mwanjira ina, kuti timavomereza Yesu ngati Mulungu potengera kumvetsetsa kwathu malembo osiyanasiyana omwe tidzakhale nawo. Anthu adzayesa kutikankhira pansi, kutinena kuti ndife Aariya kapena osagwirizana ndi Mulungu kapena ngakhale kutseka Mboni za Yehova - kunja, komabe. Palibe chilichonse chomwe chingakhale cholondola.

Ndapeza kuchokera muzochitikira kuti okhulupirira Utatu ali ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotsutsira kuukiridwa kulikonse pa chikhulupiriro chawo. Ndi mtundu wina wa "malingaliro othetsa kuganiza". Izi zikuti: "O, mukuganiza kuti Atate ndi Mwana ndi Amulungu osiyana, sichoncho? Si kupembedza milungu imeneyi? ”

Popeza kupembedza milungu yambiri ndi njira yopembedzera yachikunja, amayesa kuthetsa zokambirana zonse poika aliyense amene samavomereza chiphunzitso chake.

Koma kodi munganene kuti Okhulupirira Utatu nawonso amapembedza milungu yambiri m'mitundu itatu ya Mulungu? Kwenikweni, ayi. Amadzinenera kuti ali opembedza Mulungu, monganso Ayuda. Mukudziwa, amangokhulupirira Mulungu m'modzi. Anthu atatu osiyana ndi osiyana, koma Mulungu m'modzi.

Amagwiritsa ntchito chithunzichi pofotokozera chiphunzitso: [Triangle kuchokera ku https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinity]

Izi zimawapatsa iwo m'modzi yekha, komabe kukhalako si munthu, koma anthu atatu. Kodi munthu m'modzi yekha angakhale bwanji anthu atatu? Kodi mumapanga bwanji malingaliro anu chodabwitsachi. Amazindikira izi mochulukirapo monga momwe malingaliro amunthu angamvetsetse, koma amafotokoza ngati chinsinsi chaumulungu.

Tsopano kwa ife omwe timakhulupirira Mulungu, tiribe vuto ndi zinsinsi zomwe sitingathe kuzimvetsetsa malinga ndizomwe zidalembedwa bwino m'Malemba. Sitili odzikuza kotero kuti ngati sitimvetsetsa kanthu ndiye kuti sizingakhale zoona. Ngati Mulungu akutiuza kuti china chake chili, ndiye zili choncho.

Komabe, kodi chiphunzitso cha Utatu chalongosoledwa momvekera bwino m'Malemba m'njira yakuti, ngakhale sindikumvetsetsa, ndiyenera kuvomereza kuti ndi chowonadi? Ndamva okhulupirira Utatu akunena izi. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, samazitsatira pofotokoza momveka bwino za chilembo chotere. M'malo mwake, chotsatira ndi mzere wazifukwa zopezera anthu. Izi sizitanthauza kuti akulakwitsa pazomwe adachotsa, koma kufotokoza momveka bwino m'Baibulo ndi chinthu china, pomwe kutanthauzira kwa anthu ndichinthu china.

Komabe, kwa Okhulupirira Utatu pali kuthekera kawiri kokha, kupembedza milungu yambiri ndi kupembedza Mulungu m'modzi ndi amene kale anali wachikunja komanso wachikunja.

Komabe, uku ndikumangirira mwachangu. Mukuwona, sitiyenera kukhazikitsa miyezo ya mapembedzedwe athu. Mulungu amatero. Mulungu amatiuza m'mene tiyenera kumupembedzera, ndiyeno tiyenera kupeza mawu oti tifotokozere zomwe akunena. Zotsatira zake, palibe "kulambira Mulungu mmodzi" kapena "kupembedza milungu yambiri" mokwanira kutanthauzira kupembedza Yehovah kapena Yahweh monga zolembedwa m'Malemba. Ndikufuna kukambirana kuti ndikhale ndi Jim pankhaniyi. Nditsogolera ndikufunsa Jim funso ili:

"Jim, kodi mungatiuze ngati munthu wina watulutsa mawu ofotokozera bwino za ubale wa Atate ndi Mwana ndi kuwalambira kwathu?

Jim: Inde ndingathe.

Panali nthawi yatsopano yopangidwa mu 1860, chaka chisanafike nkhondo yapachiweniweni yaku America ndi munthu wotchedwa Max Muller. Tsopano zomwe adapeza ndi mawu akuti "henotheistic". Tsopano kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Heno, chabwino, Mulungu m'modzi, koma lingaliro ndi ili: Pali m'modzi ndipo ndi mtsogoleri m'modzi, Mulungu wapamwamba, Mulungu woposa zonse, ndipo kuti Mulungu nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Yahweh kapena wamkulu wakale, Yehova. Koma kupatula Yahweh kapena Yehova, panali zolengedwa zina zomwe zimadziwika ngati milungu, elohim. Tsopano mawu oti Mulungu m'Chihebri ndi elohim, koma makamaka poyang'ana koyamba amatha kunena kuti, ndiye Mulungu wochulukitsa. Mwanjira ina, limatanthauza zoposa Mulungu m'modzi. Koma ikaperekedwa ndi matchulidwe amodzi, amatanthauza Mulungu m'modzi, ndipo iyi ndi nkhani ya kachitidwe kamene kamatchedwa kuchuluka kwa Ukulu. Zili ngati Mfumukazi Victoria ankakonda kunena kuti, "sitinasangalale". Inde, anali m'modzi koma chifukwa anali wolamulira pawokha, adagwiritsa ntchito zochulukitsa kwa iyemwini; ndipo m'Malemba, Yahweh kapena Yehova nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Elohim, Mulungu mochulukitsa, koma ndi mawu omwe ali mu umodzi.

Tsopano, pamene liwu loti Elohim lagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mau ochulukitsa, zomwe zikutanthauza Amulungu, chifukwa chake, tiwona izi ngati zilipo mu Chipangano Chakale ndi Chipangano Chatsopano.

Eric: Zikomo. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka sikumatsimikiziridwa ndi dzina, koma ndi nthawi ya mneni.

Jim: Ndichoncho.

Eric: Chabwino, ndiye ndinapeza chitsanzo cha izo. Kuti nditsimikizire mfundoyi, ndikuwonetsa tsopano.

Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira ponena za Elohim mu Chiheberi. Choyamba ndikuti kaya zomwe Jim akunena ndizolondola-kuti ndizomanga kalembedwe, osati posonyeza unyinji, koma mawonekedwe monga ulemu kapena ukulu; ndikuwona kuti tikufunika kupita kwina kulikonse m'Baibulo komwe titha kupeza umboni wosatsutsika, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti titha kupeza izi pa 1 Mafumu 11:33. Tikapita ku 1 Mafumu 11:33, tidzapeza mu BibleHub, yomwe ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yofufuzira Baibulo m'mabaibulo angapo. Tikuwona 1 Mafumu 11:33 mu NIV Bible tili: "Ndidzachita izi chifukwa adandisiya, napembedza Ashtoreti mulungu wamkazi [mmodzi] wa Asidoni, Kemosi mulungu [mmodzi] wa Amoabu, ndi Moleki mulungu [mmodzi] wa Aamoni… ”

Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone momwe maina amodzi omwe amasuliridwa mchingerezi adayikidwiratu pachiyambi, ndipo mu interlinear timapeza kuti nthawi iliyonse mulungu kapena mulungu amatchulidwa timakhala ndi Elohim - 430 [e]. Apanso, "mulungu wamkazi" 430, Elohim, ndipo apa, "mulungu", Elohim 430. Kungotsimikizira - maumboni a Strong — ndipo tikupeza kuti Elohim apa pali mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo atatuwa. Chifukwa chake, zikuwoneka zowoneka bwino kuti tikulimbana ndi kapangidwe ka kalembedwe. Komabe, chodabwitsachi ndichakuti wina amene amakhulupirira Utatu amayesa kulimbikitsa lingaliro lakuti Umulungu kapena kuchuluka kwa Yahweh — anthu atatu mwa m'modzi - adadziwika, kapena amatchulidwa m'Malemba Achihebri pogwiritsa ntchito Elohim, akupatsanso henotheists, monga Jim ndi ine, maziko abwino pamalo athu, chifukwa chiphunzitso cha Utatu chimakhazikitsidwa pachikhulupiriro chonse kuti pali Mulungu m'modzi yekha. Ndi wokhulupirira Mulungu m'modzi; Mulungu m'modzi, anthu atatu mwa Mulungu m'modzi. Chifukwa chake, ngati Yahweh amatchula kuti Elohim, Yawe Elohim, Yehova Mulungu, kapena Yahweh Mulungu akulankhula za milungu yambiri, zimatsata kuti ikukamba za henotheism, monga momwe Jim ndi ine timavomerezera komanso ambiri monga ife, kuti Yahweh kapena YHWH ndiye mlengi, Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse ndipo pansi pa iye yekha Mwana wobadwanso ndi Mulungu. "Mawu ndi Mulungu" Elohim imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kuti igwirizane ndi malingaliro a henotheist, chifukwa chake, nthawi ina munthu wina akapititsa patsogolo izi kwa ine, ndikuganiza m'malo mopanga galamala, ndingonena, "Inde, ndizodabwitsa. Ndikuvomereza zimenezo, ndipo zimenezi zikutsimikizira mfundo yathu yakuti henotheism. ” Komabe, ndimangosangalala pamenepo.

Musanapitilire, mudakweza china chake chomwe ndikuganiza kuti owonera adzadabwa nacho. Wavova vo Yave wayantika longoka e nza yayi yambi yovo Yave wa Yave. Kodi zili choncho? Kodi Yahweh ndi mawonekedwe aposachedwa kwambiri?

Jim: Inde, ndi… ndipo ndi mawonekedwe omwe amatsutsana, koma amavomerezedwa ndi ophunzira kuti akuwonetsa dzinalo. Koma palibe amene akudziwa, zenizeni. Uku ndikulingalira kumodzi kokha.

Eric: Kulondola. Ndikudziwa kuti pali kutsutsana kambiri za Yehova. Pali anthu ambiri omwe amaganiza kuti linali dzina labodza, koma mwina mwina silofanana ndi matchulidwe apachiyambi tsopano monga momwe linalili pamene linayambitsidwa kumbuyo kwa zaka za zana la 12. Kapena munali zaka za m'ma 13? 1260, ndikuganiza. Ndikupita kukumbukira. Mukudziwa bwino kuposa ine. Koma "J" panthawiyo anali ndi yah zikumveka choncho.

Jim: Inde, Monga zimachitikira m'Chijeremani ndi Scandinavia, ndipo mwina Dutch mpaka lero. "J" ili ndi "Y". Zachidziwikire kuti zikufika m'mbiri yogwiritsa ntchito "J" zomwe sitichita pano.

Eric: Kulondola. Zabwino kwambiri. Zikomo. Ndimangofuna kuphimba izi. Ndikudziwa kuti tipeza ndemanga pamzerewu, ngati sitikulankhula nawo tsopano.

Chifukwa chake, pali china chilichonse chomwe mungafune kuwonjezera, ndikuganiza kuti panali china chake kuchokera pa Masalimo 82 chomwe mudandiuza kale chomwe chikugwirizana ndi izi.

Jim: Inde, ndine wokondwa kuti mudakweza izi chifukwa ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha henotheism monga a Max Muller akanatha kufotokozera. Ndi, "Ndidati ndinu milungu, ndipo nonsenu ndinu ana a Wam'mwambamwamba." Limenelo silo Salmo 82 vesi 1 koma kupitilira 6 ndi 7. Limafotokoza za Mulungu atakhala mu mpingo wa Mulungu. Aweruza pakati pa milungu- "Ndinati ndinu milungu ndipo nonsenu ndinu ana a Wam'mwambamwamba."

Kotero, apa pali Mulungu atakhala mu msonkhano wa milungu; ndipo pali milandu ingapo ya izi mu Masalmo. Sindingavutike kuti ndifotokoze pano, koma izi zimapereka chithunzichi ndipo nthawi zina, milungu itha kukhala milungu yabodza kapena angelo olungama. Mwachiwonekere, liwulo limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa angelo, ndipo nthawi zina limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa milungu yachikunja kapena mulungu wamkazi wachikunja — pali mulandu umodzi ndikuti m'Chipangano Chakale - kenako amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa angelo, ngakhale kwa amuna nthawi zina.

Eric: Zabwino kwambiri. Zikomo. Kwenikweni, pali mndandanda wa Malemba omwe mudawasonkhanitsa pamodzi. Zambiri kuposa zomwe titha kuphimba apa. Chifukwa chake, ndawaika chikalata ndipo aliyense amene akufuna kuwona mndandanda wonsewu ... Ndiyika ulalo pamafotokozedwe a kanemayu kuti athe kutsitsa chikalatacho ndikuwunika nthawi yopuma.

Jim: Zingakhale bwino.

Eric: Zikomo. Poganizira kuti zonse zomwe mudangonena, kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chimawonetsedwa m'Malemba a Chikristu chisanachitike, kapena chomwe anthu ambiri amatcha Chipangano Chakale, chakuti Yesu ndi Mulungu mkati mwakonzedwe kopusitsa?

Jim: Choyamba, ndiloleni ndinene kuti kuyambira mu Genesis, pali nthawi ziwiri pomwe mfundo iyi ya henotheism imamveka bwino. Imodzi ili mu nkhani ya Nowa isanachitike pomwe Lemba limanena za ana aamuna a Mulungu kutsika ndikukakwatira ana aakazi aanthu. Imeneyo ndi imodzi mwazochitika, ana a Mulungu. Chifukwa chake, amakhala milungu mwa iwo okha kapena amawoneka ngati milungu. Awa ayenera kukhala angelo akugwa molingana ndi kufotokozera kwa buku lowonjezera la Enoch, ndi 2 Peter. Ndipo muli nacho chomwecho, koma china chofunikira kwambiri chili m'buku la Miyambo pomwe chimafotokoza za nzeru. Tsopano akatswiri ambiri amangonena kuti, 'Chabwino, izi… awa ndi machitidwe a Yahweh ndipo sayenera kutanthauza munthu kapena hypostasis ". Koma makamaka pakupita kwa nthawi, makamaka m'dera la Chipangano Chatsopano, koyambirira, ndipo mwina ndiyenera kunena ngakhale kale, mumayamba kuphunzira za nzeru yonse kukhala munthu, ndipo m'buku la nzeru, komanso mu ntchito za Myuda wa ku Alexandria, Philo, yemwe adakhalako nthawi ya Yesu Khristu ndipo adalankhula za dzinali ma logos, zomwe zingasonyeze china chofanana ndi nzeru za m'buku la Miyambo komanso m'buku la nzeru. Tsopano bwanji za izi, kapena nanga bwanji izi, ndiyenera kunena? Chowonadi ndi chakuti mawu akuti logos kapena logos, kutengera kuti mukufuna kutchula lalifupi kapena lalitali O-Ayuda kapena Agiriki m'tsiku la Khristu amasakaniza awiriwo nthawi zonse, kotero ndikuganiza Ndine womasuka ku… mwaufulu ku… kuchita chinthu chomwecho — ndipo mulimonsemo, liwulo liri m'mawu athu achingerezi akuti “logic”, “logical” kuchokera ku logos kapena logos, ndipo lidali ndi lingaliro la kulingalira komanso chifukwa chake anali wofanana kwambiri ndi nzeru, ndipo Philo ku Alexandria waku Egypt adawona nzeru ndi ma logo ngati chinthu chofanana, komanso ngati umunthu.

Anthu ambiri anena kuti nzeru za m'buku la Miyambo ndi zachikazi, koma izi sizidamuvute Philo. Adatinso, "Inde ndizomwe zili choncho, koma titha kumvetsetsa ngati zachimuna. Kapena monga ma logo ndi achimuna; kotero nzeru zitha kukhala zowonetsa munthu wamwamuna kapena hypostasis.

Eric: Kulondola.

Jim: Tsopano, zambiri za izi zafotokozedwa momveka bwino m'malemba a katswiri wakale wachikhristu woyambirira Origin, ndipo amachita izi motalikitsa. Chifukwa chake, zomwe muli nazo pano ndizomwe zidalipo makamaka munthawi ya Yesu, ndipo ngakhale Afarisi adamuimba Yesu mlandu wochitira mwano kuti akuti ndi mwana wa Mulungu, adatchulapo za Masalmo ndikuwonetsa kuti milungu imalankhulidwa wa milungu yambiri, motero anati, 'Zilipo. Kwalembedwa. Simungakayikire. Sindikunyoza konse. Chifukwa chake, lingaliroli lidalipo kwambiri munthawi ya Khristu.

Eric: Kulondola. Zikomo. Kwenikweni, ndakhala ndikuganiza kuti kunali koyenera kutchula Khristu ndi Yesu yemwe analiko chisanadze kapena Yesu amene analipo kale ngati ma logo chifukwa, monga nzeru, ndikutanthauza, chifukwa monga ndikumvetsetsa, nzeru imatha kutanthauzidwa ngati kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso . Mukudziwa, ndikhoza kudziwa zina koma ngati sindichita chilichonse ndi chidziwitso, sindine wanzeru; ngati ndigwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso changa, ndiye kuti ndine wanzeru. Ndipo kulengedwa kwa chilengedwe chonse kudzera mwa Yesu, mwa Yesu, ndi kwa Yesu, chinali chiwonetsero chachikulu kwambiri chogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chomwe sichinakhalepo. Chifukwa chake, nzeru yotchulidwa mwapadera imagwirizana bwino ndi udindo wake monga wantchito wamkulu wa Mulungu, ngati mungafune, kugwiritsa ntchito liwu lomwe limachokera mchikhulupiriro chathu chakale.

Koma kodi pali china chake chomwe mukufuna kuwonjezera pa izi ... chomwe mumatenga kuchokera ku Afilipi 2: 5-8? Munandiuza izi m'mbuyomu zokhudzana ndi kufalikira kwa Kristu; chifukwa pali ena amene amakayikira tsogolo lake, lomwe amalingalira kuti adakhalapo ngati munthu, ndipo kale sizinakhalepo.

Jim: Inde. Udindowu umatengedwa ndimagulu osiyanasiyana, osakhulupirira Utatu, ndipo alipo ambiri aiwo, ndipo mfundo yawo ndiyakuti Khristu sanakhaleko asanakhale munthu. Sanaliko kumwamba, koma lemba la Afilipi chaputala chachiwiri likunena mwachindunji - ndipo Paulo akukupatsani chitsanzo cha kudzichepetsa komwe amalembera izi - ndipo akuti sanayesere kwenikweni — ine kutchulanso apa m'malo mongobwereza-sanayese kutenga udindo wa Atate koma adadzichepetsa nadzitenga ngati munthu, ngakhale adali mwa Mulungu; Maonekedwe a Mulungu, mwa mawonekedwe a abambo. Sanayese kulanda udindo wa Mulungu monga Satana akuyesera, koma adangovomereza dongosolo la Mulungu ndikusiya umunthu wake wauzimu ndikubwera padziko lapansi ngati munthu. Izi ndi zomveka bwino. Ngati wina akufuna kuwerenga mutu wachiwiri wa Afilipi. Chifukwa chake, izi zikuwonetseratu kukhalapo kwa ine, ndipo sindikuvutika kuti ndichite izi.

Ndipo zowonadi, pali malembo ena ambiri, omwe atha kubweretsa. Ndili ndi buku lomwe lidasindikizidwa ndi ambuye angapo omwe ali mu Mpingo wa Mulungu, Chikhulupiriro cha Abraham, ndipo aliyense amayesa kuthana ndi lingaliro lokhalapo, kuti, 'Chabwino ichi ... izi sizikugwirizana ndi lingaliro lachiyuda , ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ndi bodza loyipa mukamayankhula zamaganizidwe achiyuda kapena lingaliro lachi Greek kapena lingaliro la wina aliyense, chifukwa pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana mdera lililonse ndikunena kuti palibe Mheberi amene adaganizapo zakakhalapo ndizopanda pake. Inde, Philo ku Igupto anatero, ndipo anali ndi moyo m'nthaŵi ya Yesu Kristu.

Eric: Kulondola.

Jim: Ndipo amangokonda kunena kuti, 'Awa, ndi Mulungu akuneneratu zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo'. Ndipo samalimbana nawo ngakhale mavesi awa omwe akuwonetsa kukhalapo.

Eric: Inde. Amakhala ovuta kuthana nawo motero amanyalanyaza. Ndikudabwa ngati zomwe tikuwona pagulu lomwe limalimbikitsa kukhalapo kwanthawi yayitali zikufanana ndi zomwe timawona Mboni za Yehova zikuyesetsa kwambiri kuti achoke ku Utatu kotero kuti amapitilira kwina. Mboni zimamupanga Yesu kukhala mngelo chabe, ngakhale akhale mngelo wamkulu, ndipo magulu enawa amamupanga kukhala munthu, asanafike pomwepo. zonsezi ndizofunikira… chabwino, sizofunikira… koma zonse ndizokhudza, ndikuganiza, chiphunzitso cha Utatu, koma kuchita mopambanitsa; kupita patali kwambiri mbali inayo.

Jim: Ndizowona, ndipo a Mboni adachita kena kake kwakanthawi. Tsopano, pamene ndinali wachinyamata mu Mboni za Yehova. Panalibe kukaikira kuti panali ulemu waukulu kwa Khristu ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali, mboni zimapemphera kwa Khristu ndikuyamika Khristu; ndipo kumapeto kwazaka, zachidziwikire, achotsa pamenepo, ndikuti musapemphere kwa Khristu, simuyenera kupembedza Khristu. Muyenera kulambira Atate okha; ndipo atenga mawonekedwe achiyuda kwambiri. Tsopano ndikunena za Afarisi ndi Ayuda omwe adatsutsana ndi Khristu potenga udindowu, chifukwa pali magawo ambiri mu Chipangano Chatsopano pomwe zikuwonetsa, makamaka mu Ahebri, kuti akhristu oyamba amapembedza Khristu ngati mwana wa Atate. Chifukwa chake, asamukira kutali kwambiri, ndipo zikuwoneka ngati kuti anali ... kuti sakugwirizana kwambiri ndi Chipangano Chatsopano.

Eric: Apita patali ngati sabata yatha Nsanja ya Olonda kuphunzira, panali mawu oti tisakonde Kristu pang'ono ndipo sitiyenera kumukonda kwambiri. Ndi mawu opusa bwanji kuti mupange; koma zikusonyeza m'mene amutsitsira Khristu ku mtundu wa otengera m'malo mwa udindo wake weniweni. Ndipo iwe ndi ine tazindikira kuti iye ndi waumulungu. Kotero, lingaliro lakuti iye si waumulungu kapena ayi wa chikhalidwe cha Mulungu sichinthu chomwe ife timachikana mwa njira iliyonse, koma pali kusiyana pakati pa kukhala waumulungu ndi kukhala Mulungu iyemwini, ndipo ine ndikuganiza ife tikufika ku Lemba lokhazikika tsopano la Yohane 1: 1. Kodi mungafune kuyankhula nafe?

Jim: Inde, ndikanatero. Ili ndi buku lofunika kwambiri pa Utatu komanso lembo lina losakhala la Utatu. Ndipo ngati mungayang'ane pamatembenuzidwe amabaibulo, pali ambiri omwe amatchula Yesu kuti ndi Mulungu ndi ena omwe omwe ... amamufotokozera ngati Mulungu, ndipo malembawo ndi, m'Chigiriki ndi: En archē ēn ho Logos kai ho Logos prn pros ton Theon kai Theos ēn ho Logos.  Ndipo nditha kukupatsani kutanthauzira kwanga, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti imawerengedwa: "Poyamba panali Logos - mawu, kutanthauza, chifukwa Logos imatanthawuza kuti pakati pazinthu zina zosiyanasiyana - ndipo Logos inali kuyang'anizana ndi Mulungu ndi Mulungu kapena Mulungu anali mawu oti ".

Chifukwa chiyani ndimamasulira izi ngati Logos inali kukumana ndi Mulungu? Eya, kuposa kuti Logos inali ndi Mulungu? Inde, chifukwa mawu oyamba pamenepa, zopindulitsa, mu Koine Greek safuna kwenikweni zomwe "with" amachita mu Chingerezi, pomwe umapeza lingaliro la "pamodzi ndi" kapena "mogwirizana ndi". Koma mawuwa amatanthauza china chochepera apo, kapena mwina choposera apo.

Ndipo a Helen Barrett Montgomery kumasulira kwawo kwa Yohane 1 mpaka 3, ndipo ndikuwerenga zina mwa izi, ndikuti analemba kuti: "Pachiyambi panali mawu ndipo mawuwo anali pamaso ndi pamaso pa Mulungu ndipo Mawu anali Mulungu."

Tsopano ndiye chidwi.  ubwino amatanthauza ngati nkhope ndi nkhope kapena kupatula Mulungu ndipo zikuwonetsa kuti panali anthu awiri pamenepo osati ofanana ndipo ndikulowanso mtsogolo.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ichi chinali chofalitsa, kapena chinafalitsidwa ndi American Baptist chofalitsa Society, chifukwa chake anali kukwera ngati Utatu. Ndipo momwemonso anali Charles B. Williams, ndipo ali ndi mawu kapena Logos akunena pamaso ndi pamaso ndi Mulungu ndipo monga iye, iye, zikuwonekeratu, zikuwonekeratu kuti ndi Utatu. Kutanthauzira kwachinsinsi mchilankhulo cha anthu mu 1949 kunaperekedwa ku Moody Bible Institute kuti isindikizidwe, ndipo anthuwo anali ndipo amakhulupirira Utatu. Chifukwa chake tili ndi matanthauzidwe amitundu yonse mu Chingerezi ndi zilankhulo zina, makamaka Chijeremani, omwe ali… omwe amati, "Mawu anali Mulungu", komanso pafupifupi monga ambiri amanenera, "ndipo mawuwa anali Mulungu", kapena "mawuwa anali aumulungu".

Ophunzira ambiri akhala amantha ndipo chifukwa cha ichi ndikuti m'Chigiriki mawu akamatenga mawu otanthauzira, ndipo mawu otanthauzira mu Chingerezi ndi "the", motero timati "mulungu", koma m'Chigiriki, palibe "mulungu" m'njira yeniyeni. Ndipo momwe amachitira izi ...

Eric: Palibe cholembedwa.

Jim: Ndizowona, ndipo momwe amachitira izi ndikuti kunalibe liwu losinthira mawu ngati "a" kapena "an" mu Chingerezi ndipo nthawi zambiri, mukawona dzina lopanda dzina, lopanda tanthauzo, mumangoganiza kuti mumatembenuzidwe achingerezi, ayenera kukhala osasinthika m'malo motsimikiza. Kotero pamene izo zikuti "Logos" koyambirira mu Lemba ndi mawu otanthauzira komabe komabe zikupitirira kunena kuti Logos anali Mulungu, ndiye palibe chinthu chotsimikizika patsogolo pa mawu amenewo, "mulungu", ndipo inunso mungaganize kuti kuyambira pamenepo, muyenera kumasulira kuti "Mulungu" osati "Mulungu". Ndipo pali matanthauzidwe ambiri omwe amachita izi, koma m'modzi ayenera kusamala. Mmodzi ayenera kukhala osamala. Simunganene izi motsimikiza chifukwa olemba galamala awonetsa kuti pali malo ambiri pomwe maina opanda mawu otsimikizika amakhalabe otsimikizika. Ndipo mkangano uwu ukupitilira malonda ad. Ndipo ngati mungakhale okhulupirira Utatu, mudzagunda tebulo ndikunena, "Chabwino, ndichowonadi kuti Logos ikamatchedwa Mulungu, zikutanthauza kuti ndi m'modzi mwa anthu atatu a Utatu, chifukwa chake ndiye Mulungu. ” Pali ena omwe amati, "Ayi ayi".

Ngati mutayang'ana zolemba za Chiyambi, yemwe ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri akulu achikhristu, akadakhala pamzere ndi anthu omwe amati, "mulungu" anali wolondola, ndipo amakhala wothandizira Kutembenuzidwa kwa Mboni za Yehova momwe iwo ali kuti "mawu anali Mulungu".

Eric: Kulondola.

Jim: ndipo… koma sitingakhale otsimikiza za izi. Ndizosatheka kukayikira za izi, ndipo ngati mungayang'ane anthu osagwirizana ndi Mulungu kumbali imodzi ndi Atatuwo, amenyera izi ndikupereka mikangano yonse, ndipo mikangano ikupitilira malonda ad.  Ndipo mumadabwa za mbali zosiyanasiyana: Ngati a postmodernists ali olondola ponena kuti, "Chabwino, ndi zomwe owerenga amatenga zolembedwa m'malo mongonena zomwe munthu amene analemba chikalatacho akufuna". Sitingathe kupita patali.

Koma ndikadakhala, ndinganene kuti ndiye kuti kukangana za kalembedwe ka mawuwa kwa Yohane 1: 1-3, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yowerengera nkhaniyi, ndipo ndikuganiza ndichifukwa choti ndimabwera makamaka pazinthu izi kutengera maphunziro anga omwe. Ndine wolemba mbiri; PhD yanga inali m'mbiri. Ngakhale ndinali ndi mwana m'maphunziro azachipembedzo panthawiyo ndipo ndakhala nthawi yayitali ndikuphunzira osati chipembedzo chimodzi, koma zipembedzo zambiri, komanso Malemba; koma ndinganene kuti njira yofikira izi ndi mbiriyakale.

Eric: Kulondola.

Jim: Izi zimayika malembo awa, malembawa pang'onopang'ono pazomwe zinkachitika m'zaka za zana loyamba, pomwe Yesu Khristu anali wamoyo ndipo atangomwalira kumene; ndipo chowonadi ndi ichi ndichakuti chiphunzitso cha Utatu sichinakhalepo, kaya champhamvu kwambiri kapena chosaphulika, zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Kristu, ndipo ophunzira ambiri akudziŵa izi lero. Ndipo chiwerengero chosasankhika cha Akatolika abwino, ophunzira apamwamba achikatolika azindikira izi.

Eric: Kotero ...

Jim:  Ndikuganiza kuti ndizopambana.

Eric: Chifukwa chake, musanalowe mu ichi - chifukwa ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha kanemayu, mbiriyakale - kuti tifotokozere aliyense amene angakhumudwe ndi zokambirana za John 1: 1, ndikuganiza kuti ndi mfundo yovomerezeka pakati pa omwe amaphunzira Baibulo limafotokoza mosapita m'mbali kuti ngati pali ndime yomwe ili yovuta kumvetsetsa, yomwe ingatengeredwe mwanjira ina, ndiye kuti mawuwo sangakhale umboni koma atha kungokhala othandizira, mukangotsimikizira umboni wina kwina.

Chifukwa chake, Yohane 1: 1 angathandizire chiphunzitso cha Utatu, ngati mungatsimikizire Utatu kwinakwake. Zitha kuthandizira kumvetsetsa kwa henotheistic, ngati tingatsimikizire izi kwina. Ndizomwe tichite… chabwino, titenga njira zitatu. Ili ndi gawo 1. Tikhala ndi makanema osachepera 2. Wina adzaunika zolemba zomwe umboni wa Utatu umagwiritsa ntchito; winanso adzaunika zolemba zomwe Aryan agwiritsa ntchito, koma pakadali pano ndikuganiza kuti mbiri yakale ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yokhazikitsira maziko kapena kusowa kwa chiphunzitso cha Utatu. Chifukwa chake, ndikusiyirani malo otseguka kwa inu.

Jim: Tiyeni bwino kwambiri. Ndikuganiza kuti zikuwonekeratu kuti panalibe chiphunzitso cha Utatu mzaka zoyambirira, osati momwe ziliri masiku ano. Okhulupirira Utatu sanabwere ngakhale ku Msonkhano wa Nicaea mu 325 AD monga ambiri okhulupirira Utatu akanakhala nawo. Kwenikweni, zomwe tili nazo ku Nicaea ndi kuvomereza chiphunzitso cha…

Eric: Mkhalidwe.

Jim: Inde, anthu awiri osati 2. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi anali makamaka nkhawa za ubale wa bambo ndi mwana. Mzimu Woyera sunatchulidwenso pakadali pano, ndipo chifukwa chake mudakhala ndi chiphunzitso chaumulungu, osati Utatu, ndikuti adafika potengera mawu oti, "achibale", omwe amatanthawuza chimodzimodzi chuma, ndipo adati bambo ndi mwana anali ofanana.

Tsopano izi zinayambitsidwa ndi Emperor Constantine, ndipo iye anali Mkhristu wokondera, ngati inu munganene izo. Sanabatizidwe mpaka anali pafupi kufa. Ndikuti adachita milandu yayikulu yambiri, koma adadzakhala munthu wotsimikiza ku chikhristu, koma amafuna kuti zikhale mwadongosolo, motero adaganiza kuti athetse zotsutsana zomwe zimachitika. Ndipo adayambitsa mawu awa ndipo izi zidakhutiritsa chipani cha Atatu kapena chipani cha ma binatarian monga analiri nthawiyo, chifukwa amafuna kulengeza Arius, yemwe anali munthu yemwe sanafune kuvomereza lingaliro ili, ngati wampatuko. Ndipo iyi inali njira yokhayo yomwe angamuwonetsere kuti ndi wopanduka. Ndipo kotero adayambitsa liwulo lomwe lakhala gawo lamaphunziro achikatolika kuyambira kale chipani chimodzi.

Chifukwa chake, Utatu umachedwa kwambiri. Zimabwera pambuyo pake pomwe adalengeza kuti Mzimu Woyera ndiye munthu wachitatu wa Utatu. Ndipo ndizo 3.

Eric:  Ndipo Emperor wina anali nawo ndipo ameneyo, sichoncho iye?

Jim: Ndichoncho. Theodosius Wamkulu.

Eric: Chifukwa chake, sanangoletsa chikunja komanso chiphunzitso chanu cha Arian kapena aliyense wosakhulupirira Utatu…, zinali zotsutsana ndi lamulo kukhulupirira kuti Mulungu sanali Utatu.

Jim: Ndiko kulondola, ndiko kulondola. Zinakhala zosaloledwa kukhala wachikunja kapena wachikhristu wa Arian ndipo maudindo onsewa anali oletsedwa ndikuzunzidwa, ngakhale Arianism adakhalabe kuthengo m'mafuko aku Germany chifukwa Aarian omwe adatumiza amishonalewo ndikusintha mafuko ambiri aku Germany omwe anali kugonjetsa kumadzulo kwa Europe ndi gawo lakumadzulo kwa Ufumu wa Roma.

Eric: Kulondola, kotero ndiroleni ine ndikhale wolunjika, inu muli ndi lingaliro lomwe silinafotokozedwe momveka mu Lemba ndi kuchokera mu zolembedwa za mbiriyakale sizimadziwika kwenikweni mu Chikhristu cha zana loyamba ndi lachiwiri; amabwera mkangano mu tchalitchi; analamulidwa ndi mfumu yachikunja yomwe sinabatizidwe nthawiyo; ndiyeno inu munali nawo Akhristu amene sanali kuzikhulupirira izo, iye ankazunza iwo; ndipo tiyenera kukhulupirira kuti Mulungu sanagwiritse ntchito Yesu Khristu kapena atumwi kuwulula izi koma adagwiritsa ntchito mfumu yachikunja yomwe imatha kuzunza omwe sanatsutse.

Jim: Ndizowona, ngakhale pambuyo pake atabwerera, adatembenuka ndikugwidwa ndi Bishop wa Arian ndipo adabatizidwa pamapeto pake ndi a Arians osati ndi Atatu.

Eric: Chabwino. Chosangalatsa ndi ichi.

Jim: Tikafika patali, mupeza kuti pafupifupi zisankho zonse zomwe zidapangidwa m'mabungwe azachipembedzo zidapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi akuluakulu aboma, mafumu achi Roma, ndipo pamapeto pake chimodzi mwazomwe zimatsimikizika ndi chimodzi mwa izi apapa, ndipo izi zimayankha funso la Khristu wobadwira thupi, yemwe amayenera kuwonedwa ndikupembedzedwa ngati Mulungu wathunthu komanso munthu wathunthu.

Chifukwa chake, kutsimikiza kwa chiphunzitso sikunachitike ndi mpingo wogwirizana konse. Amachitidwa ndi omwe adakhala mpingo wogwirizana kapena pafupifupi mpingo wolumikizidwa motsogozedwa ndi aboma.

Eric: Chabwino, zikomo. Chifukwa chake, kuti tingomaliza kukambirana kwathu lero, ndimayang'ana kanema wa Utatu akufotokozera chiphunzitsochi, ndipo adavomereza kuti zinali zovuta kumvetsetsa, koma adati "zilibe kanthu kuti sindikumvetsa izo. Zinanenedwa momveka bwino m'Baibulo, ndiye ndiyenera kungovomereza mwachikhulupiriro zomwe zanenedwa kwathunthu. ”

Koma kuchokera pazomwe mukundiwuzazi, mulibe umboni m'Baibulo, kapena m'mbiri ya mtundu wa Israeli Khristu asanabadwe, kapena gulu lililonse lachikhristu mpaka zaka za zana lachitatu zosonyeza Utatu.

Jim: Ndiko kulondola, ndiko kulondola; ndipo palibe chomveka chowachirikiza kwa iwo ndi makhonsolo a tchalitchi mpaka 381. Wachedwa mochedwa. Wachedwa mochedwa. Ndipo mu Middle Ages, zachidziwikire, matchalitchi Akum'mawa ndi tchalitchi chakumadzulo kwa Roma adagawika, mwanjira ina, pankhani zotsutsana ndi Utatu. Chifukwa chake, sipanakhalepo mgwirizano pakati pazinthu zambiri. Tili ndi magulu onga a Chikoptiki ku Egypt ndi a Nestorian ndi ena otero omwe anali mkati mwa Middle Ages omwe sanalandire malingaliro ena am'bungwe lomaliza lomwe limafotokoza za Khristu.

Eric: Kulondola. Pali ena omwe anganene kuti, "Zilibe kanthu kuti mukukhulupirira Utatu ayi. Ndife tonse okhulupirira Khristu. Zonse ndi zabwino. ”

Ndikutha kuwona malingaliro, koma mbali inayi, ndikuganiza za Yohane 17: 3 yomwe imanena kuti cholinga cha moyo, moyo wosatha, ndikudziwa Mulungu ndikudziwa mwana wa Mulungu, Yesu Khristu, ndipo ngati tikuyamba ulendo wathu wachidziwitso pamalingaliro abodza, pamaziko olimba ndi olakwika, sitipeza zomwe tikufuna kupeza. Ndibwino kuyamba kuchokera pachowonadi ndikuchikulitsa.

Chifukwa chake, zokambirana izi, ndikuganiza, ndizofunikira chifukwa kudziwa Yehova Mulungu kapena Yahweh kapena YHWH, momwe mukufuna kumuitanira, ndikumudziwa mwana wake, Yeshua kapena Yesu, ndizofunikira kwenikweni ku cholinga chathu chachikulu chokhala amodzi ndi Mulungu mu cholinga ndi m'malingaliro ndi m'mitima ndi kukhala ana a Mulungu.

Jim: Ndiroleni ine ndinene izi pomaliza, Eric: Mukaima ndikuganiza za kuchuluka kwa anthu kwazaka mazana ambiri omwe aphedwa ndi Akatolika, Roma Katolika, Orthodox achi Greek, Akhristu a Calvinist, otsatira gulu la John Calvin, a Lutheran ndi Anglican, kwa zaka zapitazi kuti anthu ambiri aphedwa chifukwa chokana kuvomereza chiphunzitso cha Utatu. Ndizodabwitsa! Inde, nkhani yodziwika kwambiri ndi ya kuwotchedwa pamtengo kwa Servetus m'zaka za zana la 16, chifukwa chokana Utatu; ndipo ngakhale a John Calvin sanafune kuti awotchedwe pamtengo, amafuna kutsogozedwa, ndipo anali Khonsolo kapena gulu lazamalamulo ku Geneva lomwe lidaganiza kuti awotchedwe pamtengo. Ndipo panali ena ambiri omwe… Ayuda omwe anakakamizidwa kutembenukira ku Chikatolika ku Spain kenako nkubwerera m'mbuyo ku Chiyuda — ena mwa iwo anali achiyuda ndi arabi achiyuda - koma kuti adziteteze panja, adakhala ansembe achikatolika, chomwe chinali chachilendo kwenikweni, ndipo ambiri mwa anthuwa, ngati agwidwa, amaphedwa. Icho chinali chinthu choyipa. Anthu osagwirizana ndi Mulungu kaya ngati - panali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya iwo - koma omwe adakana Utatu, adaweruzidwa ku England ndipo adalamulidwa kufikira zaka za zana la 19; ndipo ophunzira angapo odziwika anali odana ndi chiphunzitso cha Utatu: John Milton, Sir Isaac Newton, John Locke, kenako m'zaka za zana la 19, munthu yemwe adapeza mpweya - nyumba yake ndi laibulale yake zidawonongedwa ndi gulu la anthu ndipo adayenera kuthawa kupita ku United States komwe adatengedwa ndi a Thomas Jefferson.

Chifukwa chake, zomwe muli nazo ndi chiphunzitso chomwe anthu amitundu yonse adafunsapo komanso machitidwe osakonda a Okhulupirira Utatu akhala okhumudwitsa. Tsopano, sizikutanthauza kuti ena osagwirizana ndi Mulungu akhala ochepera achikhristu pamakhalidwe awo, monga tikudziwira. Koma chowonadi ndichakuti, yakhala chiphunzitso chomwe chimatetezedwa nthawi zambiri ndi mtengo, kuwotcha pamtengo. Ndipo ichi ndichinthu choyipa chifukwa chowona ndichakuti mukayang'ana omwe akupita kutchalitchi amakono. Anthu wamba omwe amapita kutchalitchi, kaya ndi Mkatolika, Anglican, wopita kutchalitchi wokonzanso… ambiri, ena ambiri… samamvetsetsa, anthu samamvetsetsa chiphunzitsochi ndipo ndakhala ndi atsogoleri angapo akundiuza kuti pa Sabata la Utatu, lomwe ndi gawo la kalendala ya tchalitchi, sakudziwa chochita nawo chifukwa nawonso samamvetsetsa.

Chiphunzitso chovuta kwambiri, chovuta kwambiri kuti mutu wanu uzungulira.

Eric: Chifukwa chake, ndiyenera kumva chowonadi, sitiyenera kupitilira mawu a Yesu pa Mateyu 7 pomwe akuti, "Mudzawazindikira anthu awa ndi ntchito zawo." Amatha kuyankhula bwino, koma ntchito zawo zimawonetsa mzimu wawo wowona. Kodi ndi mzimu wa Mulungu womwe ukuwatsogolera kuti azikonda kapena mzimu wa Satana ukuwatsogolera kudana nawo? Izi mwina ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa aliyense amene akufunadi chidziwitso ndi nzeru pankhaniyi.

Jim: Mbiri ya chiphunzitso ichi yakhala yowopsa.

Eric: Inde, zaterodi.

Jim: Kodi watero.

Eric: Zikomo kwambiri, Jim zikomo kwambiri nthawi yanu ndipo ndikuthokoza aliyense chifukwa chowonera. Tidzabweranso mgawo lachiwiri la nkhanizi mwachangu titha kuyika kafukufuku wathu palimodzi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwera tsopano.

Jim: Ndipo madzulo abwino

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