U-Eric Wilson: Wamkelekile. Baninzi abathi emva kokushiya umbutho wamaNgqina kaYehova baphelelwe lukholo kuThixo kwaye bathandabuze ukuba iBhayibhile inelizwi lakhe lokusikhokelela ebomini. Kubuhlungu oku ngoba into yokuba abantu belahlekisile akufuneki isenze siphulukane nentembelo kutata wethu wasezulwini. Okwangoku, iyenzeka rhoqo, ke namhlanje ndicele uJames Penton oyingcali kwimbali yezenkolo ukuba axoxe ngemvelaphi yebhayibhile njengoko sinayo namhlanje, kwaye kutheni sinethemba lokuba umyalezo wayo uyinyani kwaye uthembekile namhlanje njengokuba kwakunjalo xa kwakubhalwa ekuqaleni.
Ngaphandle kokuqhubela phambili, ndiza kwazisa uProf. Penton.
UJames Penton: Namhlanje ndiza kuthetha ngeengxaki zokuqonda ukuba iyintoni kanye kanye iBhayibhile. Kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana eziphangaleleyo kwilizwe lamaProtestanti, iBhayibhile ibiye yagcinwa njengeyona nto iphambili kwesona sizathu sokuba uninzi lwamaKristu lukholwe Ngaphandle koku, abaninzi baye baqonda ukuba iincwadi ezingama-66 zeBhayibhile yamaProtestanti zililizwi likaThixo kwaye azinangxaki, kwaye bahlala besebenzisa u-Timoti wesibini 3:16, 17 apho sifunda khona, “Sonke iSibhalo siphefumlelwe nguThixo. unenzuzo yokufundisa, ukohlwaya, ukululeka, ukuqeqesha okusebulungiseni, ukuze umntu kaThixo afaneleke, exhobele wonke umsebenzi olungileyo. ”
Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba iBhayibhile ayinakuphikiswa. Ngoku, iBhayibhile ibingasoloko ithathwa njengekuphela kwesiseko segunya awayefanele aphile ngalo amaKristu. Ngapha koko, ndikhumbula ndiseyinkwenkwana eNtshona Canada ndibona izithuba zamaRoma Katolika, amazwi athi, 'icawa isinike iBhayibhile; iBhayibhile ayizange isinike icawa. '
Yiloo nto ke yayiligunya lokuguqula kunye nokumisela intsingiselo yeetekisi eziseBhayibhileni ezazishiyeke kwaphela kwicawa yaseRoma nangoopopu bayo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, le meko ayithathwanga njengemfundiso de kwasemva kokuqhambuka koHlaziyo lwamaProtestanti kwiBhunga lamaKatolika laseTrent. Yiyo loo nto iinguqulelo zamaProtestanti zazingavumelekanga kumazwe amaKatolika.
UMartin Luther waba ngowokuqala ukwamkela yonke imibhalo ekwiincwadi ezingama-24 zeZibhalo zesiHebhere, nangona wazilungiselela ngokwahlukileyo kunamaYuda nangenxa yokuba wayengabaginyi abaprofeti abali-12 abancinane njengencwadi enye. Ke, kwisiseko se 'sola scriptura', leyo 'yiZibhalo kuphela zemfundiso', ubuProtestanti baqala ukuthandabuza iimfundiso ezininzi zamaKatolika. Kodwa uLuther ngokwakhe wayenobunzima kwiincwadi ezithile zeTestamente eNtsha, ngakumbi incwadi kaJames, kuba yayingadibani nemfundiso yakhe yosindiso ngokholo kuphela, kwaye okwethutyana incwadi yesiTyhilelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuguqulela kukaLuther iBhayibhile kwisiJamani kwasekwa isiseko sokuguqulelwa kweZibhalo kwezinye iilwimi.
Umzekelo, uTindall waphenjelelwa nguLuther kwaye waqala inguqulelo yesiNgesi yeZibhalo kwaye wabeka isiseko seenguqulelo zamva zesiNgesi, kubandakanya iKing James okanye iAuthorized Version. Kodwa masithathe ixesha lokujongana nemiba ethile yembali yeBhayibhile ngaphambi koHlaziyo engaziwayo ngokubanzi.
Okokuqala, asazi ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kutheni okanye ngubani owayekade enziwe ulungelelwaniso lweBhayibhile yesiHebhere okanye zeziphi iincwadi ezaziza kumiselwa ukuba zibandakanywe kuyo. Nangona sinolwazi oluhle olwalunjalo ngexesha lenkulungwane yokuqala yexesha lamaKristu, kufuneka iqatshelwe nangona kunjalo umsebenzi omninzi wokuququzelela wawenziwe kwakamsinya emva kokubuya kwamaYuda ekuthinjweni eBhabheli, okwenzeka ngo-539 BC okanye ngoko nangoko emva koko. Umsebenzi omninzi wokusebenzisa iincwadi ezithile kwibhayibhile yamaJuda ubhekiswa kumbingeleli kunye nombhali uEzra owayegxininisa ekusebenziseni iTora okanye iincwadi zokuqala ezintlanu zeeBhayibhile zamaJuda nezamaKristu.
Okwangoku kufuneka siyiqonde into yokuba ukuqala malunga ne-280 BC, uninzi lwamaJuda aphesheya ahlala e-Aleksandriya, i-Egypt baqala ukuguqulela iZibhalo zamaJuda ngesiGrike. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, uninzi lwala maJuda lwalungasakwazi ukuthetha isiHebhere okanye isiAramaic zombini ezazithethwa kweli lizwe namhlanje. Umsebenzi abawuvelisileyo wabizwa ngokuba yinguqulelo yeSeptuagint, ekwathi kwakhona yaba yeyona nguqulelo icatshuliweyo yeZibhalo kwiTestamente eNtsha yamaKristu, ngaphandle kweencwadi ezaziza kwenziwa zingcwele kwi-Jewish Bible kwaye kamva kwi-Protestant Bible . Abaguquleli beSeptuagint bongeze ezinye iincwadi ezisixhenxe ezingafane zibonakale kwiiBhayibhile zamaProtestanti, kodwa zithathwa njengeencwadi ezinesidima kwaye ke zikho kwiiBhayibhile zamaKatolika nezaseMpuma. Enyanisweni, abefundisi nabaphengululi abangamaOthodoki babedla ngokuyijonga iBhayibhile yeSeptuagint njengongaphezulu kunombhalo wesiHebhere samaMasorete.
Kwisiqingatha samva sewaka leminyaka lokuqala CE, amaqela ababhali abangamaJuda awaziwa ngokuba ngamaMasorete enza inkqubo yemiqondiso yokuqinisekisa ukubizwa nokuphindaphindwa kombhalo weBhayibhile. Baye bazama ukumisela ukwahlulahlula imihlathi kunye nokugcina isicatshulwa esifanelekileyo ngababhali bexesha elizayo ngokudibanisa uluhlu lweempawu eziphambili zeBhayibhile kunye nolwimi. Izikolo ezibini eziphambili, okanye iintsapho zamaMasorete, uBen Naphtoli noBen Asher, benza imibhalo eyahlukileyo eyahlukileyo yeMasorete. Inguqulelo kaBen Asher yoyisa kwaye yenza isiseko semibhalo yeBhayibhile yanamhlanje. Owona mthombo mdala weMasoretic Text Bible yiAleppo Codex UKeter Aram Tzova ukususela malunga no-925 AD Nangona iyeyona ncwadi isondeleyo kwisikolo sikaBen Asher samaMasorete, iye yasinda ikwimo engaphelelanga, njengoko ingenayo phantse yonke iTorah. Owona mthombo upheleleyo wemibhalo yamaMasorete yiCodex Leningrad (B-19-A) yeCodex L ukususela ngo-1009 AD
Ngelixa umbhalo weBhayibhile kaMasorete ingumsebenzi ononophele ngokubalaseleyo, awugqibelelanga. Umzekelo, kwinani eliqingqiweyo lamatyala, kukho iinguqulelo ezingenantsingiselo kwaye kukho iimeko apho imithombo yeBhayibhile yangaphambili yoLwandle Olufileyo (eyafunyanwa ukusukela ngeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi) ivumelana ngakumbi neSeptuagint kunombhalo weMasorete weBhayibhile yamaJuda. Ngapha koko, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweBhayibhile yeMasorete kunye neBhayibhile yeSeptuagint kunye neTamaras Torah eyahlukileyo kubomi babemi bangaphambi komkhukula bomhla kaNowa obunikwe kwincwadi yeGenesis. Ke, ngubani onokuthi axele ukuba yeyiphi kwezi zinto zokuqala kwaye yiyo le ilungile.
Izinto ezithile kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo malunga neeBhayibhile zale mihla, ngakumbi ngokubhekisele kwiZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike okanye iTestamente eNtsha. Okokuqala, kuthathe ixesha elininzi ukuba iicawe zobuKristu zichonge ukuba zeziphi iincwadi ekufuneka zilungisiwe okanye zichongwe njengemisebenzi efanelekileyo ebonisa ubuKrestu kwaye iphefumlelwe. Qaphela ukuba uninzi lweencwadi zeTestamente eNtsha zazinzima ekwamkelweni kwiindawo zase-Mpuma zamaGrike zoBukhosi baseRoma, kodwa emva kokuba ubuKrestu buvunyelwe ngokusemthethweni phantsi kukaConstantine, iTestamente eNtsha yahlanjululwa njengokuba kunjalo nanamhlanje kubukhosi baseNtshona bamaRoma. . Kwakungama-382, kodwa ukwamkelwa koluhlu lunye lweencwadi akuzange kwenzeke kubukhosi baseMpuma baseRoma kude kube semva kwe-600 AD Nangona kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokubanzi, iincwadi ezingama-27 ezaye zamkelwa njengezinokugqitywa, kudala yamkelwa njengebonakalisa imbali neemfundiso zebandla lokuqala lamaKristu. Umzekelo, uOrigen (waseAlexandria ka-184-253 CE) kubonakala ukuba wazisebenzisa zonke ezi ncwadi zingama-27 njengeZibhalo ezathi kamva zamiselwa ngokusemthethweni njengamaxesha amade ngaphambi kokuba kubhalwe ngokusemthethweni ubuKristu.
Kubukhosi baseMpuma, uBukhosi baseMpuma baseRoma, isiGrike sahlala silulwimi olusisiseko kwiiBhayibhile zamaKristu nakumaKristu, kodwa kwinxalenye esentshona yobukhosi eya ithi ngokuthe chu yawela ezandleni zabahlaseli baseJamani, abanjengoGoths, Franks the Angles and Saxons, ukusetyenziswa kwesiGrike phantse kwanyamalala. Kodwa isiLatin sahlala, kwaye eyona Bhayibhile iphambili yecawe yaseNtshona yayiyiVulgate yesiLatin kaJerome kwaye icawe yaseRoma yayichasa ukuguqulelwa kwalo msebenzi kulo naluphi na ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni olwaluphuhla kwiinkulungwane ezinde ezibizwa ngokuba ngamaXesha Aphakathi. Isizathu soko kukuba icawe yase Roma ibivakalelwa kukuba ibhayibhile inokusetyenziswa ngokuchasene neemfundiso zecawe, ukuba inokuwela ezandleni zamarhamente kunye namalungu eentlanga ezininzi. Kwaye ngelixa bekukho imvukelo ngokuchasene necawa ukusukela kwinkulungwane ye-11 ukuya phambili, uninzi lwazo lwalunokutshatyalaliswa ngenkxaso yabasemagunyeni.
Sekunjalo, kwavela enye inguqulelo ebalulekileyo eNgilani. Leyo yayiyinguqulelo kaWycliffe (iinguqulelo zeBhayibhile zikaJohn Wycliffe zazisenziwa ngesiNgesi esiPhakathi malunga ne-1382-1395) yeTestamente eNtsha eyayiguqulelwe ngokusuka kwisiLatin. Kodwa yachithwa ngo-1401 kwaye abo bayisebenzisayo bazingelwa babulawa. Kwakungenxa yoRenaissance kuphela apho iBhayibhile yaqala ukuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwilizwe laseNtshona Yurophu, kodwa kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ezinye izinto ezenzekileyo kwakumele zenzeke kwangaphambilana ezazibalulekile kuguqulo lweBhayibhile nokupapashwa.
Ngokubhekisele kulwimi lwesiGrike olubhaliweyo, malunga nonyaka ka-850 AD kwavela uhlobo olutsha loonobumba besiGrike, obubizwa ngokuba yi “Greek minuscule. Ngaphambili, iincwadi zesiGrike zazibhalwa ngee-unicals, into efana noonobumba abakhulu abahonjisiweyo, kwaye bengenayo ibr phakathi kwamagama kunye neziphumlisi; kodwa ngokungeniswa koonobumba abancinci, amagama aqala ukwahlulwa kunye neziphumlisi zaqala ukwaziswa. Okubangela umdla kukuba, into efanayo yaqala ukwenzeka eNtshona Yurophu ngokuqaliswa kwento eyayibizwa ngokuba "yiCarolingian minuscule." Ke nanamhlanje, abaguquleli beBhayibhile abafuna ukukhangela imibhalo-ngqangi yamandulo yesiGrike bajongene nengxaki yendlela yokubhala iziphumlisi, kodwa masiqhubekeke kwi-Renaissance, kuba ngelo xesha kwenzeka izinto ezininzi.
Okokuqala, kwabakho ukuvuswa okukhulu ngokubaluleka kwembali yakudala, ebandakanya ukufundwa kweLatin yamandulo kunye nomdla ohlaziyiweyo kwisiGrike nakwisiHebhere. Ke, abaphengululi ababini ababalulekileyo babalasela ngenkulungwane ye-15 nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16. Aba yayinguDesiderius Erasmus noJohann Reuchlin. Bobabini babengabaphengululi abangamaGrike kwaye uReuchlin wayekwangumphengululi ongumHebhere; kwezi zimbini, u-Erasmus wayebaluleke kakhulu, kuba yayinguye owavelisa iinguqulelo ezininzi zeTestamente eNtsha yesiGrike, ezinokusebenza njengesiseko seenguqulelo ezintsha.
Olu hlaziyo yayiluhlaziyo lombhalo olusekwe kuhlalutyo ngononophelo lwamaxwebhu eBhayibhile esiGrike sobuKrestu awayesebenza njengesiseko seenguqulelo ezininzi zeTestamente eNtsha kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi isiJamani, isiNgesi, isiFrentshi kunye neSpanish. Ayothusi into yokuba uninzi lweenguqulelo lwalusenziwa ngamaProtestanti. Kodwa njengoko ixesha lihamba, abanye babekwangamaKatolika. Ngethamsanqa, konke oku kwakungemva nje kokuphuhliswa komatshini wokushicilela kwaye ke ngoko kwaba lula ukuprinta iinguqulelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeBhayibhile, kunye nokuzisasaza ngokubanzi.
Ngaphambi kokuba ndiqhubeke, kufuneka ndiphawule enye into; Oko kukuthi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-13 uBhishophu Omkhulu uStephen Langton wodumo lwaseMagna Carta, wazisa ngenkqubo yokongeza izahluko phantse kuzo zonke iincwadi zeBhayibhile. Emva koko, xa iinguqulelo zeBhayibhile zesiNgesi zenzeka, iinguqulelo zokuqala zesiNgesi zeBhayibhile zazisekelwe kwezo zabulawelwa ukholo uTyndale noMales Coverdale. Emva kokubhubha kukaTyndale, uCoverdale waqhubeka nokuguqulela iZibhalo ezazibizwa ngokuba yiMateyu Bible. Ngo-1537, yaba yiBhayibhile yesiNgesi yokuqala ukupapashwa ngokusemthethweni. Ngelo xesha, uHenry VIII wayesele eyisusile iNgilani kwiCawa yamaKatolika. Kamva, kwapapashwa ikopi yeeBhayibhile zikaBishops kwaza kwalandela iGeneva Bible.
Ngokwengxelo ekwi-Intanethi, sinale ilandelayo: Olona guqulelo lwaziwayo (oluguqulelo lwesiNgesi) yayiyiGeneva Bible 1556, eyaqala ukupapashwa eNgilane ngo-1576 eyayenziwe eGeneva ngamaProtestanti amaNgesi awayehlala elubhacweni ngexesha likaMary Bloody. intshutshiso. Ayizange igunyaziswe yiNkosana, yayithandwa kakhulu phakathi kweePuritan, kodwa hayi phakathi kwabefundisi abaninzi abalondolozayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1611, iKing James Bible yashicilelwa yaza yapapashwa nangona kwathatha ixesha ukuba yaziwe okanye idume kakhulu kuneGeneva Bible. Nangona kunjalo, yayiyinguqulelo engcono yesiNgesi sayo esihle, uburharha bayo, kodwa iphelelwe lixesha namhlanje kuba isiNgesi sitshintshe kakhulu ukusukela ngo-1611. Yayisekwe kwimithombo embalwa yamaGrike neyesiHebhere eyayikho ngelo xesha; sinamanye amaninzi namhlanje kwaye kuba amanye amagama esiNgesi asetyenzisiweyo kuwo awaziwa ngabantu kwinkulungwane yama-21.
Kulungile, ndiza kulandela ngale ntetho ngengxoxo yexesha elizayo ngokubhekisele kwiinguqulelo zale mihla kunye neengxaki zabo, kodwa ngoku ndifuna ukumema ugxa wam uEric Wilson ukuba axoxe ngezinye zezinto endizenzileyo kule ngcaciso imfutshane yembali yebhayibhile. .
U-Eric Wilson: Kulungile Jim, ukhankanye iileta ezincinci. Yintoni i-minuscule yesiGrike?
UJames Penton: Ewe, igama elithi minuscule lithetha ukuba ngoonobumba abancinci, okanye oonobumba abancinci, endaweni yoonobumba abakhulu. Kwaye kuyinyaniso ngesiGrike; kuyinyani nakwinkqubo yethu yokubhala okanye yokuprinta.
eric UWilson: Ukhe wakhankanya ukubuyiswa kwemali. Zithini izinto zokubuyisa imali?
UJames Penton: Ewe, ukubuyela umva, lelo ligama ekufuneka lifundwe ngabantu ukuba banomdla kwimbali yeBhayibhile. Siyazi ukuba asinayo imibhalo-ngqangi okanye imibhalo yantlandlolo eyangena eBhayibhileni. Sineekopi zeekopi kwaye umbono yayikukubuyela kwiikopi zokuqala esinazo kwaye mhlawumbi, ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezize kuthi, kwaye kukho izikolo zokubhala. Ngamanye amagama, imibhalo yeminuscule okanye hayi imibhalo emincinci, kodwa imibhalo ebhalwe ngokuncamisileyo ebonakala kumaxesha aseRoma, kwaye oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi imibhalo ngexesha labapostile, masithi, kwaye ke uErasmus waseRotterdam wagqiba yenza uhlengahlengiso. Ngoku yayiyintoni leyo? Waqokelela yonke imibhalo-ngqangi eyaziwayo yamaxesha akudala eyayibhalwe ngesiGrike, wadlula kuyo, wayifunda ngocoselelo kwaye wazimisela ukuba bobuphi obona bungqina bulungileyo besicatshulwa esithile okanye isiBhalo. Kwaye waqonda ukuba kukho ezinye izibhalo ezaye zehla kuhlobo lwesiLatin, uguqulelo olwalusetyenziswe ukutyhubela amakhulu eminyaka kwiindawo zaseNtshona, kwaye wafumanisa ukuba kukho iimeko ezazingekho kwimibhalo-ngqangi yokuqala. Ke uzifundile ezi kwaye wenza ukubuyela umva; Lowo ngumsebenzi owawusekelwe kubungqina obubalaseleyo awayenabo ngelo xesha, kwaye wakwazi ukuphelisa okanye ukubonisa ukuba iitekisi ezithile zesiLatin zazingachanekanga. Kwaye yayiluphuhliso olwaluncedisa ekucocweni kwemisebenzi yebhayibhile, ukuze sikwazi ukufumana into esondeleyo kwinto yoqobo ngokubuyisela.
Ngoku, ukusukela ngexesha lika-Erasmus ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-16, uninzi, imibhalo-ngqangi emininzi kunye nepapyrus (iipapiri, ukuba uyafuna) ziye zafunyanwa kwaye ngoku siyazi ukuba ukubuyela kwakhe emxholweni bekungasasebenzi kwaye abaphengululi bebesebenza ukusukela oko Ngokwenyani, ukucoca iiakhawunti zesibhalo, ezinje ngeWestcott kunye noHort ngenkulungwane ye-19 kunye nohlaziyo lwamva nje ukusukela ngelo xesha. Ke into esinayo ngumfanekiso wento ezazibhalwe ngayo iincwadi zebhayibhile, kwaye ezo ziyavela ngokubanzi kwiinguqulelo zamva nje zeBhayibhile. Ke, ngandlel 'ithile, ngenxa yokubuyiswa kwemali iBhayibhile iye yacocwa kwaye ibhetele kunokuba yayinjalo ngemihla kaErasmus kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ibhetele kunokuba yayinjalo kumaXesha Aphakathi.
U-Eric Wilson: Kulungile Jim, ngoku ungasinika umzekelo werhafu? Mhlawumbi enye ibangela ukuba abantu bakholelwe kuBathathu Emnye, kodwa sele ibonakalisiwe ukuba ayiyonyani.
UJames Penton: Ewe, kukho isibini kwezi kungekuphela ngokubhekisele kuBathathu Emnye. Mhlawumbi enye yezona zibalaseleyo, ngaphandle kwalonto, yingxelo yomfazi obanjwe ekrexeza kwaye waziswa kuYesu ukuba amgwebe kwaye wala ukwenza oko. Le ngxelo ibubuxoki okanye ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi "akhawunti ehambayo okanye ehambayo," ebonakala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeTestamente eNtsha, ngakumbi iiVangeli; inye; Kwaye kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yi "Ikoma kaBathathu Emnye, ”Oko kukuthi, bathathu abanikela ubungqina ezulwini, uYise, uNyana noMoya oyiNgcwele okanye uMoya oyiNgcwele. Kwaye kuye kwangqineka kungamanga okanye kungachanekanga, hayi kwiBhayibhile yantlandlolo.
U-Erasmus wayeyazi le nto kwaye kumabali amabini okuqala awathi wawaveza, khange abonakale kwaye wayejamelene nokucaphuka okukhulu ngabafundisi bezakwalizwi abangamaKatolika kwaye babengafuni ukuba oko kukhutshwe eZibhalweni; Bayifuna phaya, nokuba bekufanele ukuba ibikho okanye hayi. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, waphula umthetho wathi kulungile ukuba ungafumana umbhalo obonisa ukuba oku bekukho, kwaye bafumana umbhalo-ngqangi osekupheleni kwaye wawufaka, kuhlelo lwesithathu lwempumlo yakhe, kwaye ke yayiphantsi koxinzelelo . Wayesazi ngcono, kodwa ngelo xesha nabani na owayechasene nabefundisi bamaKatolika okanye, ngenxa yoko, amaProtestanti amaninzi, anokugqibela ngokutshiswa esibondeni. Kwaye u-Erasmus wayeqaqambe kakhulu ukuba angakuqonda oku kwaye ewe babebaninzi ababezithethelela. Wayengumntu onobuqili kakhulu owayedla ngokuhamba esuka kwenye indawo esiya kwenye, kwaye wayenomdla kakhulu ekucoceni ibhayibhile, kwaye sinetyala kakhulu ku-Erasmus kwaye ngoku iyaqondwa ukuba ibaluleke kangakanani imeko yakhe.
U-Eric WilsonUmbuzo omkhulu, ngaba uyawubona umahluko phakathi kombhalo weMasorete neSeptuagint, singasathethi ke ngeminye imibhalo-ngqangi yamandulo, eyenza ukuba iBhayibhile ibe lilizwi likaThixo? Ewe, manditsho oku ukuqala. Andiyithandi intetho esetyenziswa ezicaweni kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba iBhayibhile lilizwi likaThixo. Kutheni ndiyiphikisa le nto? Kungenxa yokuba iZibhalo azizibizi ngokuba “lilizwi likaThixo.” Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ilizwi likaThixo liyavela eziBhalweni, kodwa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba uninzi lweZibhalo alunanto yakwenza noThixo ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye yingxelo yembali yoko kwenzeka kookumkani bakwaSirayeli, njalo njalo, kwaye nathi Ngaba uMtyholi uyathetha kwaye baninzi abaprofeti bobuxoki abathetha eBhayibhileni, kwaye ukuyibiza iBhayibhile iyonke "liLizwi likaThixo", ndiyacinga, iphosakele; kwaye kukho abaphengululi ababalaseleyo abavumelana noko. Kodwa into endivumelana nayo kukuba ezi ziZibhalo eziNgcwele, imibhalo engcwele esinika umfanekiso woluntu ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwaye ndicinga ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngoku ngaba inyani yokuba kukho izinto eBhayibhileni ezibonakala ngathi ziyaphikisana nezinye, ngaba oko kuyasitshabalalisa ukuqonda kwethu kolu ngcelele lweencwadi? Andicingi njalo. Kuya kufuneka sijonge umxholo wesicatshulwa ngasinye eBhayibhileni kwaye sijonge ukuba iphikisana ngokunzulu na, okanye ukuba ziphikisana ngokunzulu, kangangokuba zisenze siphulukane nokholo eBhayibhileni. Andiqondi ukuba kunjalo. Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sijonge umxholo kwaye sihlala simisela ukuba ithini na imeko ngexesha elinikiweyo. Rhoqo kukho iimpendulo ezilula kwingxaki. Okwesibini, ndiyakholelwa ukuba ibhayibhile ibonakalisa inguquko kwiinkulungwane ezadlulayo. Ndithetha ukuthini ngale nto? Ewe, kukho isikolo sengcinga ekubhekiswa kuso njenge "mbali yosindiso." NgesiJamani, ibizwa ngokuba umva kwaye elo gama lihlala lisetyenziswa ngabaphengululi nakwisiNgesi. Into ethethwa kukuba iBhayibhile iyingxelo yokuthanda kukaThixo.
UThixo wafumanisa abantu njengoko babenjalo nakuluphi na uluntu. Umzekelo, amaSirayeli abizwa ukuba angene kwilizwe lesithembiso laseKanan atshabalalise abantu ababehlala apho. Ngoku, ukuba sifika ebuKristwini, ubuKristu bokuqala, amaKristu ayengakholelwa ekuthatheni ikrele okanye ukulwa emkhosini kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi. Kuphela kusemva kokuba ubuKrestu babhaliswe ngokusemthethweni buBukhosi baseRoma apho baqala khona ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimikhosi yezomkhosi kwaye baba ngqwabalala njengaye nabani na. Ngaphambi koko, babedla ngokuthula. AmaKristu okuqala enza ngendlela eyahluke mpela kuleyo kaDavide noYoshuwa, nabanye, ekulweni nabantu babahedeni ababengqonge naseKanan uqobo. Ke, uThixo uyivumele lonto kwaye amaxesha amaninzi kuye kufuneke sime umva sithi, "Uyintoni kanye kanye ngoThixo?" Ewe, uThixo uyayiphendula lento kwincwadi ka Yobhi xa esithi: Jonga ndizenzile zonke ezi zinto (ndicacisa apha), kwaye ubungekho, kwaye ukuba ndivumela umntu ukuba abulawe, mbuyise lo mntu engcwabeni, kwaye lo mntu angaphinda eme kwixesha elizayo. Kwaye iZibhalo zamaKristu zibonisa ukuba oko kuyakwenzeka. Kuya kubakho uvuko ngokubanzi.
Ke, asinakuhlala sibuza umbono kaThixo kwezi zinto kuba asiqondi, kodwa siyakubona oku kutyhilwa okanye kususwa kwimiba esisiseko kwiTestamente eNdala okanye kwiZibhalo zesiHebhere ziye kubaprofeti, kwaye ekugqibeleni siye kwiNtsha ITestamente, enika ukuqonda ukuba ingaba uYesu waseNazarete wayengantoni na.
Ndinokholo olunzulu kwezi zinto, ke zikhona iindlela esinokuthi sijonge ngayo ebhayibhileni, eyenza ukuba iqondakale njengokuchaza ukuthanda kukaThixo kunye necebo lakhe losindiso loluntu emhlabeni. Kananjalo kufuneka siyiqonde enye into, uLuther wagxininisa ekutolikeni ngokweBhayibhile. Oko kuhamba kancinci kuba ibhayibhile yincwadi yezikweko. Kwindawo yokuqala, asazi ukuba linjani izulu. Asikwazi ukufikelela ezulwini, kwaye nangona kukho abantu abaninzi abathandi bezinto eziphathekayo abathi, "kulungile, yiyo yonke into ekhoyo, kwaye akukho nto ingaphaya," kulungile, mhlawumbi sifana nabancinci baseNdiya ababengaboni baseNdiya fakiers kwaye ngubani obambelele kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zendlovu. Babengenakuyibona indlovu xa iyonke kuba babengenasakhono, kwaye kukho abo namhlanje bathi uluntu alunakho ukuqonda yonke into. Ndicinga ukuba yinyani leyo, kwaye ke sikhonzwa eBhayibhileni isikweko esinye emva kwesinye. Kwaye yintoni le, intando kaThixo icacisiwe kwiimpawu esinokuthi siziqonde, iisimboli zomntu kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo, esinokuziqonda; kwaye ke, sinako ukufikelela kwaye sikuqonde ukuthanda kukaThixo ngezi ziqwenga neesimboli. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba kuninzi kakhulu oko okuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na iBhayibhile nokuba kuyintoni ukuthanda kukaThixo; kwaye sonke asifezekanga.
Andiqondi ukuba ndinaso isitshixo sazo zonke iinyaniso eziseBhayibhileni, kwaye andicingi ukuba ikhona enye indoda enazo. Kwaye abantu banekratshi kakhulu xa becinga ukuba banokhokelo lukaThixo olukhawulezileyo lokuba bathethe into eyiyo, kwaye ke ngelishwa ukuba zombini iicawa ezinkulu kunye namahlelo amaninzi kwiNgqobhoko azama ukunyanzela inkolo yabo kunye neemfundiso zabo kwabanye. Ngapha koko, isiBhalo kwindawo enye sithi akukho mfuneko yabafundisi-ntsapho. Singakwazi, ukuba sizama ukufunda ngomonde kwaye sikuqonde ukuthanda kukaThixo ngoKristu, singafumana umfanekiso. Nangona ingeyiyo egqibeleleyo kuba sikude ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa nangona kunjalo, kukho iinyaniso apho esinokuthi sizisebenzise ebomini bethu kwaye kufuneka sizenze. Kwaye ukuba siyayenza loo nto, singayihlonela kakhulu iBhayibhile.
U-Eric Wilson: Enkosi Jim ngokwabelana nathi ngezi zinto zibangela umdla kunye nokuqonda nathi.
UJim Penton: Enkosi kakhulu Eric, kwaye ndiyavuya ukuba lapha kwaye ndisebenze nawe kumyalezo wabantu abaninzi, abaninzi abonzakalisa iinyaniso zebhayibhile kunye nenyaniso yothando lukaThixo, nothando lukaKristu, nokubaluleka INkosi yethu uYesu Krestu, yethu sonke. Singaba nokuqonda okungafaniyo kwabanye, kodwa ekugqibeleni uThixo uya kuzityhila zonke ezi zinto kwaye njengoko umpostile uPawulos watshoyo, sibona kwiglasi emnyama, kodwa ke siyakuqonda okanye sazi konke.
Molo Rusticshore. Kuqala ndingathanda ukuqonda ngcono ukuba uthetha ukuthini xa usebenzisa igama elithi "ukungaphazamiseki" ngokubhekisele eBhayibhileni? Kuba ukuba ndikuqonda kakuhle, ungatsho njani kwangaxeshanye ukuba "usenokholo kuyo"? Kubonakala ngathi kuyaphikisana ukuba ayibobulumko ukuthembela ngokupheleleyo kwiBhayibhile njengeLizwi likaThixo ukuba ucinga ukuba iphosakele kangangokuba iingxelo ezifumaneka kuyo zisenokuba zezobuxoki, eziphikisanayo okanye ezingathembekanga ngenye indlela! Okwesibini ungacaphula enye yezo "zinto ziphikisanayo ezicacileyo" malunga nengxelo yovuko kwiincwadi zevangeli, njengoko zingenjalo "... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
IAlithia-Ndingathini (okanye nabani na), ukuba ndibeke ukholo kwibhayibhile xa besiva ukuba ineempazamo kunye nokuphikisana? Elula. Izibhalo azisixeleli ukuba uThixo wolula ezulwini ngesandla sakhe kwaye wasebenzisa umntu ukuba abhale igama lakhe. Isixelela ukuba "abantu bathetha" (1 Petros 2: 21,22) njengoko "babeqhutywa" ngumoya oyingcwele, njengoko ndiqinisekile uyazi. Kanye njengokuba umqhubi eqhuba isymphony kwaye ebancedisa, kwaye akanaxanduva ngakumbi ukuba i-violinist ngabom igqiba kwelokuba idlale inqaku phezulu... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Kwisicatshulwa esingasentla se-1 Peter 2: 21,22. . . Kuba akukhanga kubekho siprofeto ngokuthanda komntu; bathi abantu abangcwele bakaThixo bathetha beqhutywa nguMoya oyiNgcwele. (ESV)
Mntakwethu Rusticor othandekayo, ndiyaxolisa ukuba uthathe indlela yam yokuba buthuntu kwaye ingenantlonelo bendingajonganga ukuba yiyo. Nangona kunjalo siyacetyiswa ukuba sithathe ikrele lomoya kwimfazwe yethu yokomoya. Ewe imfazwe yokomoya! Ikrele sisixhobo esikhubekisayo, kwaye ndaye ndaqhubeka ngokomoya. Ingabonakala njengesiqhelo, kodwa andixoli ngenxa yokusebenzisa ikrele lokomoya njengoko ndicinga ukuba kufanelekile. Ke ngoku ngakumbi kuthelekiso lwakho lomqhubi womculo ndicinga ukuba oku kukungafani. Umzekelo xa uThixo ejonge ukuba abantu bazi ukuba lithini ilizwi lakhe, uyaqinisekisa... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Enkosi ngalo mbono kwiApocrapha. Kuya kuba kuhle ukuba nenqaku ngalo mbandela. Amavolontiya ???
Ingcinga entle. Ukongeza kumahluko ophambili okhoyo phakathi kwemibhalo eyaziwayo kaPaul vs izityholo zokukhohlisa njengoko inxulumene neyantlukwano ngokwegrama..Mhlawumbi nabani na onokuthi- ziindinyana ezithile - ngokuqinisekileyo uMarko… wayengumbhali? 1) Zeziphi izikolo, ukuba ngaba zikhona ezimiselwe ukuba zibekho ngokweenkcukacha zezinto zakudala njengoko zichaphazela uMarko, uYohane, uMateyu, uPeter needolophu zabo? Ukongeza, kumaxesha amandulo, “ngoobani” ngokubanzi ababefundiswa ukulesa? Ukufunda nokubhala kufundiswa kwangaxeshanye, njengoko bekunjalo... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
"U-Eric - ndizakubetha i-minus ebomvu ukunongelela ixesha… Kodwa akuvumelekanga. ”
Akukho sidingo salonto. Ithoba isidima sakho.
Molo eRusticshore. Ndizifundisa malunga "nemibhalo elahlekileyo" okanye ii-Apocrypha njengoko zichaziwe. Ndididekile okwangoku ngumthamo wezinto kunye nohlobo oluhle lwemibhalo! Ezivela kwincwadi kaEnoki apho ichaza ukuzalwa kukaNowa. Ekuzalweni kwakhe uneenwele ezimhlophe, ngoko nangoko uphakama kwaye udumisa uThixo! Yhu wee wow. Ukusuka kwezimvo zakho zingasentla ucebisa ukuba kufanele ukuba kubuzwe ukuba "ngubani onokufunda" ukugweba ngobunyani bezo akhawunti? I-apocrypha ye-OT, iPseudepigrapha, i-apocrypha ye-NT kunye nezinye ezininzi... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Ubhuti . . . Ndidla ngokuvumelana nenqaku labaphengululi abaziingcali ngalo mbandela we-apocrypha ye-OT, kunye nemibhalo ye-apocrypha ye-NT. Ewe kunjalo, kuninzi kakhulu kwindlela yolwazi ngalo mbandela, kuqikelelo lwam, ukuzibandakanya nje kwinkcazo ye-BP. . . ayicebisi ukuba uphando oluninzi aluhambisani neenkcazo zeBP! Kodwa i-OT kunye ne-NT yemibhalo engaphefumlelwanga ibanzi kakhulu. Kodwa ngokubhekisele kwimibhalo ethile ye-NT ye-apocrypha - lo mbandela uthathe iminyaka emininzi yabaphengululi kwiminyaka yokufunda nzulu kunye negrama... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Impendulo entle eRusticshore, Enkosi ngokuqinisekisa ukuba zithini iziphumo zam zokuqala! Umzekeliso wakho wokugrumba umngxunya emanzini ulungile. Ndicinga njengoko usitsho, umntu akanakusebenzisa ibrashi ebanzi kakhulu kuyo yonke loo nto ukwenza inqaku. Umntu kufuneka ahlolisise nganye imeko yakhe. Kwaye oku akuyi kuthatha iinyanga kodwa kunokwenzeka iminyaka! Ke ndicinga ukuba indlela yam yokwenza isishwankathelo kunye nolwandiso lwesimo kwimeko yokwemba incwadi nganye njengoko kubonakala ngathi yimeko; "Akukho... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Molo Meleti, Ukuba kuphela inkuthazo yokuba ube nolwazi ngakumbi malunga nesihloko, ndingathanda ukuba nethuba lokuqokelela ulwazi olukhoyo ngesihloko. ( Apocrypha kunye nePseudepigrapha imibhalo) yenkqubo yexesha elizayo ukuba yamkelwe.
Ndiyathemba ukuba babandakanya uthotho lweNarnia ngu-CS Lewis njengoko sele ndizifundile.
Ukugqwesa, Alithia. Singalukhupha ulwazi kwinqaku kwaye mhlawumbi senze nevidiyo kuyo.
Ukuya kuyo, kufuneka nje ixesha lokugubungela umxholo kwaye uvelise isishwankathelo.
Uthando kubo bonke ubuzalwana obuvela eAlithia.
I-PS Kumnandi ukubona umntu wobudala bukaGqr Pentons eqhubeka nokuvelisa umxholo ofanelekileyo. Ndinokulangazelela kuphela ukuba nengqondo ebukhali kuloo minyaka! Usebenze kakuhle mzalwana uPenton.
Enkosi Alithia ngenkcazo yakho egcwele iingcinga endizithandayo, ngakumbi ezo zikumhlathi wokugqibela. Umzamo onenkani wokuchaza zonke iinkcukacha eBhayibhileni usebenzisa ukuqonda kwethu okusikelwe umda kunye nokusilela kolwazi kunokuba yinto eyonwabisayo. Ngokuqinisekileyo uyazi ukuba kutheni. Ngamnye wethu uyazazi izicatshulwa ezinengxaki angaziqondiyo okanye azithathe njengezingalunganga. Zingaphi iicawa emhlabeni ezineemfundiso eziphikisanayo? Bangaphi abaphengululi abanezimvo ezahlukileyo ezikhoyo? Abanye bade bagqibe ekubeni babhengeze ngokungachanekanga iindinyana ezithile zeBhayibhile okanye bashiye nje ngenxa... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Ngokuqinisekileyo andikholwa ukuba "iLizwi likaThixo" aliphazamisi. Ndisenokholo kuyo, nangona ndizama ngenyameko ukuzama ukufumanisa iindawo ezingalunganga, ukuba ngaba oko kunokwenzeka ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye kufezekiswe… .kwanabafundi ngokwabo. Ukongeza, umntu akanakukungazinanzi iziphikiso ezicacileyo, nangona abanye bezithatha njengezincinci, ezinye zibalulekile… njengengxelo yovuko kuphela kwiincwadi zevangeli ezihambisanayo. Umahluko ubalulekile kwiincwadi zeVangeli ngokubhekisele koku kuphela. Kum ... Ndizama ukukhumbula ukuba aba yayingababhali abohlukeneyo abanezimvo ezahlukileyo… .noko ke, kukho umahluko ocacileyo kumabali,... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
IMerci igalela konke ukubulaleka. Oui, il ne faut pas confondre la Parole de Dieu avec l'histoire partielle de l'humanité racontée dans la Bhayibhile. Pour moi, la Parole de Dieu est l'enseignement pur du Christ transmis en partie dans les évangiles. Parfois, même les apôtres ont ajouté des pensées abasebenzi. UPawulos uthethe kweyoku-1 kwabaseKorinte 7: 12 ”Et aux autres, je dis, oui moi, non le Seigneur: Si un frère a…” UPaul akazange athembele ekubeni lowo usasaza iParole du Seigneur, le nto ibaluleke kakhulu ' il nimpose pas. Parfois même Dieu a fait des concessions echaphazelekayo... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
Enkosi ngengcaciso entle kakhulu Nicole, iingcinga ezintle. Ndicinga ukuba uthathe kakuhle indlela eyiyo yokuqonda iBhayibhile ngokugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda i- izinto kwaye Umoya yomyalezo webhayibhile ugxininisiwe kuMat. 23:23.
Frankie
Enkosi uEric noJames ngesifundo sembali esinomdla kakhulu! Ndihlala ndinomdla kwiakhawunti yevangeli yomfazi owaziswa kuYesu ngokukrexeza. Bendihlala ndicinga ukuba ngumzekelo omhle kangaka weNkosi yethu imfesane kunye nesifundo esihle kakhulu ngokuxolela. Xa yayisuswa kwinguqulelo 'yesabile yesilivere' yebhayibhile, ndazibuza ukuba kutheni. Ngapha koko ndixelele umhlobo wam wakudala (i-JW) malunga nokususwa kwayo wothukile naye kwaye akazange akholwe de wakhangela eyakhe ibhayibhile. I-WT ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-Sinaiticus (330-360 CE)... Funda ngokugqithisileyo "
KumaHebhere 10: 26