Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wānana a ka Mesia ma kā Daniel 9: 24-27 me ka mōʻaukala hanana
Ka ʻike ʻana i nā hoʻonā - hoʻomau (2)
6. Nā ʻ Problemlelo Mīkini Medo-Persian ʻOihana Hoʻohālikelike, ʻO Ka Hoʻolaha
ʻO ka paukū e pono ai mākou e noiʻi no kahi hoʻokolohua ʻo ʻEzera 4: 5-7.
Hōʻike mai ʻo ʻEzera 4: 5 iā mākou "E hoʻolimalima i nā kōkua aʻo e hōʻino i kā lākou manaʻo i nā lā a pau o Kuro ke aliʻi o Peresia a hiki i ke au iā Dariu ke aliʻi o Peresia."
Ua pilikia nā pilikia no ka hana hou ʻana o ka luakini mai Kuro iā Dariu ʻo ke aliʻi nui o Peresia. ʻO ka heluhelu ʻana o ka pauku 5 ua hōʻike maopopo ʻia ma laila he liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma waena o Kuro a me Dariu. Ua unuhi ka ʻōlelo Hebera ma aneʻi ma "I lalo", hiki ke unuhi ʻia e like me "a i", "a i". ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike kēia mau ʻōlelo āpau i ka manawa i hala ma waena o ke au iā Kuro a me ke au o Dariu.
Ua hōʻike ka mōʻaukala pilikino iā Cambyses (II) ke keiki a Kuro, ma hope o kona makua kāne i aliʻi hoʻokahi. Hōʻike ʻo Josephus i kēia.
ʻEzera 4: 6 mau “A i ke au o ʻAdonilai, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona aupuni, kākau ihola lākou i ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i ka poʻe e noho ana o ka Iuda a me Ierusalema.
Ua hele ʻo Josephus e wehewehe i kahi leka i kākau ʻia iā Cambyses e hopena ana i ka hana ma ka luakini a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Ierusalema. (E nānā "“Nā Mokuna o nā Iudaio”, Helu XI, mokuna 2, pauku 2). No laila, kahi kūpono i ka manaʻo i ka Ahasuerus o ka paukū 6 me Cambyses (II). I ka lilo ʻana o 8 mau makahiki iā ia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ʻo ʻAhasuero i ka puke a ʻEsetera i noho aliʻi ai ma kahi o 12 mau makahiki (ʻEsetera 3: 7). Ma waho aʻe o ka mōʻī, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Bardiya / Smerdis / ka Magi, ka palena o ka makahiki, waiho ʻia ka manawa iki no kahi leka e hoʻouna ʻia ai a pane ʻia, a ʻaʻole maopopo iā Ahasuerus ʻo ʻEsetera.
ʻEzera 4: 7 mau “Eia nō hoʻi, i nā lā o ʻAreteleka, ʻo Bisama, ʻo Mitita-data, ʻo Tabelela a me nā hoa ʻē aʻe a pau me kāna mau hoa hana i kākau aku ai iā Aresaleta, ke aliʻi o Peresia.
ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻAretaxera ʻo ʻEzera 4: 7 inā maopopo iā mākou ʻo Dariu I (ka Nui), akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke aliʻi i kapa ʻia Magi / Bardiya / Smerdis. No ke aha mai? No ka mea e hoʻomau ka moʻolelo i ka ʻEzera 4:24 ʻo ka hopena o kēia leka “Ia manawa ua paa ka hana ma ka hale o ke Akua, ma Ierusalema; a ua paʻa nō a hiki i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke au o Dariu ke aliʻi o Peresia. Ua haʻi kēia huaʻōlelo e hoʻololi i ka Melo ma waena o kēia Aretasaseta a me Dariu. Hōʻike nō hoʻi, Hakai 1 e hoʻomaka hou ana ka hale i ka 2nd Makahi. ʻAʻole makemake ka poʻe Iudaio e kūʻē i ke kauoha a ka Mōlia i hāʻawi ʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua o ke aliʻi ʻo Dariu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hanana o nā hoʻololi o ke Aliʻi mai Bardya a Dariu, e pono ai ka poʻe Iudaio e lana hou kona ʻano.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke haʻi ʻia ka helu ʻana, e hoʻomaopopo ka inoa ʻo "Mithredath". E kākau ʻo ia i ka Mōʻī a e heluhelu ʻia e hōʻike ʻo ia he luna o Persian i kekahi ʻano. Ke heluhelu nei mākou i ka ʻEsetera 1: 8 ʻike mākou i ka mea mālama kālā ma ka manawa o Kuro i kapa ʻia ʻo Mithredath, ʻaʻole naʻe he mea hewa. I kēia manawa, e ola mau kēia luna 17-18 mau makahiki ma hope mai o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke aliʻi o Dariu, kahi ʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia ai i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻArxasaseta ma ʻEzera. Akā, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea lawelawe ke lilo i mea like, kekahi mau mea hou (8 + 8 + 1 + 36 + 21) = 74 mau makahiki ma hope aku. (Hoʻohui i nā noho aliʻi o Kuro, ʻo Cambyses, Magi, Darius, Xerxes a hiki i ka ʻĀina Artaxerxes I).
ʻO Ctesias ka mea kākau moʻolelo Helene mai kahi o 400BC i ʻōlelo ʻia “Ua noho aliʻi ʻo Magus ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Tanyoxarkes[I] , ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ua like like ia me Artaxerxes a ʻike i ka luna o ka Magus i noho aliʻi ʻia ma lalo o kekahi inoa, he inoa noho aliʻi. Hāʻawi ʻo Xenophon i ka inoa ʻo Magus he Tanaoxares, like loa a ʻike hou kekahi hewa kīnā ʻole o Artaxerxes.
Ua hoʻopiʻi hou mākou i ka nīnau:
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Dariu kēia e Darius I (Hystapes) paha, a i hope Dariu paha, e like me Dariu ka Persiano ma / ma hope o ka manawa o Nehemia? (Nehemia 12:22). No kēia ʻae a me ka ʻae ʻana me ka ʻike huna ʻole ʻana o Dariu i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka paukū 5, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo Dariu I, ʻaʻole ia he Dariu hope aʻe.
He kūmole: ʻAe
7. Ke Kahuna Nui Nui a me nā lōʻihi o ka lawelawe - He Hoʻolaha
He mea maʻalahi kēia e hōʻike ai pehea e hana ai ka hopena ma mua o ka wehewehe ʻana, akā naʻe, e hoʻāʻo mākou e wehewehe maopopo ʻia ma aneʻi
Me ka pōkole o ka puʻukū o Peresia e hiki ai ke kahakiʻi pono ʻana i nā Kahuna Nui. Hoʻomaopopo kēia ʻano kāwili i nā koho, nā ʻatikala e loaʻa ai kahi Lā o ke Aliʻi a me ka makahiki o ke au a ke Aliʻi, a me ke Kahuna Nui nona ka inoa.
Iozadak
A ʻo ʻEzera ke keiki a Serera ʻelua, ke kahuna nui i pepehi ʻia e Nebukaneza i mau mahina wale nō ma hope o ka hina ʻana o Ierusalema, a ua pono ʻo ʻEtera e hānau i ka hāʻule ʻana o Ierusalema (2 Nā aliʻi 25:18). Pēlā hoʻi kēia i ka mua o kāna keiki mua, ʻo Iozadak, paha i ka hopena o kona mau makahiki he 50 a i ʻole he 60 paha i hala paha ka make ma mua o ka hoʻi mai Babulona mai, hānau ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2 mau makahiki ma mua, ʻoi aku paha. ʻO Iosua a ʻo Joshua paha ke keiki a Iozadak a no laila aia paha i kona mau makahiki he 40 a mau makahiki kona hoʻi ʻana i Iuda.
Iosua / Joshua
Loaʻa iā kēia hoʻonāʻo Ieshua ma kahi o 43 mau makahiki o ke hoʻi ʻana mai ke pio. ʻO ka ʻōlelo hope loa o Iesū ma ka 2nd makahiki o Dariu, kahi a kona manawa ua piha paha iā ia i ka makahiki 61 (Ezra 5: 2). ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Iesū i ka pau ʻana o ka luakini ma ka 6th makahiki o Darius i hiki ai ke manaʻo ʻia he make ia, a ʻo Joiakim nō hoʻi ʻo ke kahuna nui loa ia.
Ioiakima
Ke kuhi nei he mau makahiki liʻiliʻi o 20 no ke kahuna nui he hānau makahiapo, ua kau aku ke keiki a Iesua, ʻo Joiakim, ma kahi o 23 mau makahiki o ko lākou hoʻi hou ʻana i Iuda i ka 1st Makahiki Kuro.
Ua olelo ia o Joiakim i kahuna nui e Josephus ma ka 7th makahiki o Artaxerxes (aka Darius i kēia ʻano hana). Tela wale nō kēia ma hope iho o ka pau ʻana o ka luakini i nā makahiki he 5 mau makahiki ma hope aʻe o ka haʻi ʻana o Iesū, ma ka 7th makahiki o Artaxasaseta a o Darius (I), ma ia manawa, (inā i hānau ʻia ka makahiki 20 a kona makua kāne) e piha ʻo ia i ka makahiki 44-45 mau makahiki. Ma kēia mea, na ke makua kāne o Joiakima e hāʻawi aku ai iā Ezra, i hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā hoʻonohonoho no ka lawelawe ʻana i ka luakini hou aʻe. No laila, ʻike kēia i ka moʻolelo Josephus e pili ana iā Joiakim.
ʻO ʻEliasiba
ʻO Eliashib i kapa ʻia ʻo ia he Kahuna Nui ma ka 20th makahiki o Aretasaseta i ka wā i hele mai ai ʻo Nehemia e kūkulu hou i nā paia o Ierusalema (Nehemia 3: 1). Ke koho nei i ke kumu hana maʻamau, inā i hānau ʻia i ka wā o 20 kona makuakāne, ʻo ia paha ma kahi o 39 mau makahiki he hiki i kēia manawa. Inā i koho ʻia inā, ua make kona makua kāne ʻo Joiakim, mau makahiki 57-58 makahiki.
Neemia 13: 6, 28 ka lā 32nd makahiki o Artaxeraseta, a i ʻole he makahiki a i ʻelua paha ma hope ae hōʻike iā lākou ʻo ʻEleazibita he Kahuna Nui Nui, akā ʻo Joiada kāna keiki, he keiki makua i kēlā manawa a ma laila mai paha ʻo Joiada paha circa 34 makahiki ma kahi liʻiliʻi ma ia manawa, ʻoiai ʻO Eliashib mau makahiki he 54. Ma muli o ka ʻike e pili ana iā Joiada i make paha ʻo ia i ka makahiki aʻe ma ke 55 makahiki.
Ioiada
Wahi a Neemia 13:28, he keiki kāne a Joiada ke kahuna nui i lilo i hūnōna kāne na Sanebalata no Horona. Hōʻike mai ke ʻano o Nehemia 13: 6, he manawa kēia ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana o Nehemia i Babulona ma ka 32nd Makahiki o Aretasaseta. Ma kahi manawa i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai ua noi hou aku ʻo Nehemia no kahi haʻalele o kona hoʻi ʻole ʻana a hoʻi hou i Ierusalema i ka wā i loaʻa ai kēia ʻano hana. Ma muli o kēia Joiada nona paha ke kahuna nui mai kahi makahiki 34 mau makahiki, (ma ka 35th Makahiki ʻo Darius / Artaxerxes) a hiki i ka makahiki 66 o kona mau makahiki.
ʻO Jonathan / Johanan / Johohanan
Inā make ʻo Joiada i kona makahiki he 66 a laila ua hiki ke hoʻomohala iā ia ma hope o kāna keiki ʻo Jonathan / Jehohanan ma kēia manawa ua piha paha ʻo 50 mau makahiki iā ia. Inā ola ʻo ia a hiki i ka makahiki 70, a laila ʻo kāna keiki ʻo Jaddua e kokoke loa i ka 50 o kona mau makahiki i ka wā i lilo ai ʻo ia i Kahuna Nui. Akā inā inā ua pili ʻia ka Elephantine papyri, e kūkākūkā ma hope aku, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka 14th a me 17th makahiki o Darius II, kahi e kapa ʻia ai ʻo Johanan, a laila make paha ʻo Johanan ma ka makahiki 83 i ka makahiki ʻo Jaddua ma kahi o 60-62 mau makahiki.
ʻO Jaddua
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Josephus ua hoʻokipa ʻo Jaddua iā Alexander ka Nui i Ierusalema a aia paha ma kona mau makahiki 70 a hiki i kēia manawa. Neemia 12:22 e ʻōlelo iā mākou e "a ʻo nā Levi i nā lā o ʻEliasibiba, ʻo Iehoiaba, a me Iohanana a me Iadada, ua kākau ʻia ma ke poʻo o nā hale makua, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kāhuna, a hiki i ke au iā Daemania ka Peresia ”. ʻO ka hopena kāua ʻo Darius III (ka Persian?) I hoʻoiho ʻia e Alexander ka Nui.
Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia mai ʻo Josephus ua make ʻo Jaddua i hope ma hope o ka make ʻana o Alexander Nui Nui, a i kēlā manawa aia ʻo Jaddua e piha ai iā 80 makahiki a ʻoi ʻia kona mau makahiki a ua kū hope ʻia kāna keiki ʻo Onias.[Ii]
ʻOiai kekahi o nā makahiki i manaʻo ʻia ma waho, he manaʻo kūpono lākou. Manaʻo paha, e hoʻohiki pinepine nā makahiapo mua a ke Kahuna Nui, ma ke ʻano o ka ʻelemakule, paha ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki o kona makahiki. Hiki paha i ke keiki mua nā keiki i nā keiki koke e hōʻoia i ka holomua o ka laina kiʻekiʻe o ke Kahuna Nui ma o ke keiki kāne mua.
He kūmole: ʻAe
8. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o nā kāhuna a me nā Levi i hoʻi pū pū me Zerubbabel me ka poʻe nāna i kau inoa i ka berita me Nehemia, He Hoʻolaha
ʻO nā mea like ma waena o kēia mau papa inoa (e ʻoluʻolu e hōʻike i ka ʻāpana 2, p13-14) ʻaʻole i maopopo ka manaʻo i loko o nā moʻolelo o ka moʻo o kēia manawa. Inā mākou e lawe i ka makahiki 21 o Aretaxerxes ʻo ʻAtekaseta I, ʻo ia ka manaʻo o ka 16 30, ʻo ia ka hapalua o kēlā mau mea i hoʻi mai i ka makahiki i ka makahiki mua o Kuro ʻo ua ola lā he 1 mau makahiki ma hope (ʻo Kuro 95 + Cambyses 9 + Darius 8 + Xeraseta 36 + Aretaksas 21). Me lākou i like ma ka 21 mau makahiki a pau i lilo i kahuna e hana iā lākou i ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o 20 mau makahiki he 115 i ka makahiki 21 o Artaxerxes I.
ʻAʻohe maopopo kēia mea. ʻOiai i kēia ao e hakakā mākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea he 115 a keu paha ma kekahi ʻāina e like me USA a UK paha, ʻoiai ka holomua ʻana i ka olakino a hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o ka hapa ma ka hope o ka makahiki 20th kenekulia. 16 ma waena o kahi heluna kanaka e piʻi paha ma kahi he mau haneli he mau tausani a ʻoi aku paha ka manaʻo ʻole o ka manaʻoʻiʻo.
Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o ka ʻōlelo i manaʻo ʻia i kēia manawa he 95 mau makahiki e hōʻemi ana ma kahi o 37 mau makahiki, e lawe ana i ke ola ʻana o ka hapalua o nā mea i inoa i ka ʻāina maoli Inā kākou e noʻonoʻo e hiki iā lākou ke ola i ko lākou mau makahiki he 70 a inā he ola, a hiki i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki i hala, e manaʻo ʻia ua hiki ʻo lākou ma waena o 20 a 40 mau makahiki i ko lākou hoʻi hou ʻana mai Babulona i Iuda, a mau nō hoʻi i ko lākou mau makahiki 60 ma o lakou i ko lakou mau makahiki he 70 i ka 21st makahiki o Darius I / Aretaxerxes.
He kūmole: ʻAe
9. Loaʻa ka 57 makahiki i ka moʻolelo i waena o ʻEzera 6 a me Ezra 7, A Solution
Aia ka moʻohelu ma ʻEzera 6:15 i kahi lā o ka 3rd lā o ka 12th Kaina (Adar) o ka 6th Makahiki o Dariu no ka pau ʻana o ka luakini.
Aia ka moʻohelu ma ʻEzera 6:19 i kahi lā o ka 14th lā o ka 1st ka mahina (Nisan), no ka paʻa ʻana i ka mōliaola, a he mea kūpono ia e pau e pili ana i ka lā 7th Mau makahiki o Darius a nona paha 40 lā ma hope aku a i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e kahi kaikuʻu 57 makahiki.
ʻO ka moʻa ma ʻEzera 6:14 ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka poʻe Iudaio i hoʻi Ua hana “a hoʻopau hoʻi ma muli o ke kauoha a ke Akua o ʻIseraʻela, a ma muli o ke kauoha a Kuro, a me ʻA thoria, a me ʻAretelato ke aliʻi o Peresia”.
Pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo i kēia? I ka ʻike mua ʻia aia nō hoʻi kahi kānāwai mai Artaxerasia kekahi. Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ʻo ia ʻo ʻArxasxia I a ʻike aku iā ia me ka ʻAretaxas o Nehemia a me Nehemia i hele mai i Ierusalema i kāna 20th makahiki ma muli o kēlā kauoha. Eia naʻe, iā mākou i hoʻokau ai ma mua, ʻaʻole i kiʻi ʻo Nehemia e hana hou i ka luakini. Nīnau ʻo ia i ka ʻae e hana hou i nā pā o Ierusalema. Pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo i kēia paukū?
Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo iā mākou i ka pauku e ka nānā ʻana i kahi unuhi i ka unuhi Hebera. ʻO ka wehewehe he wahi loea liʻiliʻi ia, akā ma ka Hebera ka hoʻohui a hui pū ʻia paha kahi leka i kapa ʻia ʻo "waw ». ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā ʻōlelo Hebera no Dariu a ʻo ʻAretasaseta nā "Waw" amio ma ka mua o "Dareyavesh" (i haʻi ʻia "daw-reh-yaw-vaysh") a i mua o "Artachshashta" i ʻōlelo ʻia ("ar-takh-shash-taw.") ʻO ka hui ʻana. "Waw" ma ke ʻano he "a", akā hiki ke ʻano "a". ʻAʻole he ʻano kūʻokoʻa wale nō ka hoʻohana ʻana o "a" ʻole, akā makahiki hou, ma kahi kūlike. ʻO kahi mea hoʻohālike, e kamaʻilio me ka mea āu e kelepona ai iā lākou a kākau paha iā lākou a ʻōlelo paha iā lākou i ke kanaka. He mea kūpono kekahi i kēlā me kēia e hoʻokō i ka hana o ke kamaʻilio. Hiki i kahi kumu hoʻohālikelike ke loaʻa i kahi inu ʻawaʻawa ʻokoʻa me kāu papaʻaina i hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kauoha i ka pia a i ʻole ka uaina. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ʻelua.
Inā ka mea "a" ua hoʻololi ʻia e "a" i ʻole, a i ʻole "a" ʻole "e heluhelu maikaʻi i loko o ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ma ke ʻano he manaʻo nui kekahi o nā loea, a laila ke hana nei kēia me he kui. Eia naʻe, hoʻololi ka lemu i kēia i ka manaʻo i loko o kēia mau a e hana maikaʻi i ka ʻatikala. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "Dariu a me Aretasaseta ” ka mea i hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻelua mau mea kūʻokoʻa, a laila 'ōleloDariu paha / iike ʻia / kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo Artaxerxes, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo Dariu lāua ʻo ʻAretasaseta mea like like. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka mālama pū ʻana me ka ʻike maʻamau ma ka mākaukau ʻana i ka mea heluhelu no ka hoʻololi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka inoa o ka Mōʻī a mākou e ʻike ai ma waena o ka Ezera 6 a me ʻEzera 7.
No nā laʻana o kēia hoʻohana "Waw" hiki iā mākou ke nānā i ka Nehemia 7: 2, ma hea "Ua hāʻawi au i kahi kauoha iā Hanani koʻu kaikaina, ʻo ia ʻO Hanania ke alakaʻi o ka pā hale o Ierusalema, he kanaka faamaoni ʻo ia a makaʻu hoʻi i ke Akua ma mua o nā mea he nui " e hana hou ai me "o ia" mamua o "A" e like me ka pau ʻana o ka ʻōlelo "ʻO ia" ma kahi o "Lākou". ^ E Ha yM. Maikaʻi ka heluhelu ʻana o kēia pauku me ka hoʻohana ʻana o "A".
ʻO kahi mea hou aku ʻo ka Ezera 6:14 e like me ka unuhi ʻana i kēia manawa i loko o ka NWT a me nā unuhi ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana ua hāʻawi ʻo Artaxerxes i kahi kauoha e hoʻopau ai ka luakini. Ma ka maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i kēia Artaxerxes ka mea i paʻa ai ka Artaxerxes I, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i pau ka luakini a hiki i ka 20th Makahiki me Neemia, kekahi mau makahiki 57 ma hope aʻe. Akā ʻo ka moʻolelo Baibala ma ʻ intera 6 ua wehewehe ʻo ia ua pau ka luakini ma ka hope o ka 6th makahiki o Dariu a e manaʻo e hoʻomaka i nā mōhai i ke kakahiaka o 7th makahiki o Dariu / Aretaxeraseta.
Aia ka moʻohelu ma ʻEzera 7:8 i kahi lā o ka 5th ka mahina o ka 7th ʻO ka makahiki akā e hāʻawi ke Aliʻi iā Artaxerxes. Inā ʻaʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo Dariu o ʻEzera 6 ʻo ʻArezekasza ma ʻEzera 7, e like me ka mea i hāpai ʻia ma mua o kahi pilikia, he nui ko mākou wahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma ka mōʻaukala. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Darius I koʻu noho aliʻi ʻana i 30 mau makahiki, (e piha ana iā 36) a ʻo Xerxes me 21 mau makahiki a ko Artaxerxes I me 6 mau makahiki mua. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o kahi manawa he 57 mau makahiki, a ʻo ka hopena o kēia manawa he mau makahiki ʻo ʻEdā paha e pili ana iā 130 mau makahiki. Ke ae ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia manawa a me kēia hiki ʻole i ka ʻelemakule kaulana, a laila ua hoʻoholo ʻo ʻEzera e alakaʻi i kahi hoʻi hou o nā Levi a me nā Iudaio ʻē aʻe i Iuda. Ua hōʻole ʻia i ka mea ʻoiai a ua hoʻopau ʻia ka luakini ma kahi ʻoi aku nei no ka hapanui o ka poʻe, ʻaʻohe o nā mōhai maʻamau ma ka Kuʻuna i hoʻokumu ʻia.
Ike kūpono loa i ka lohe ʻana i ka pau ʻana o ka luakini ma ka 6th makahiki o Darius / Aretaxerxes, noi aku ʻo ʻEzera i ke kōkua mai ke Aliʻi e hou hou i ke aʻo ʻana i ke kānāwai a me nā mōhai, a me nā hana a ka Levi ma ka luakini. No ʻEzera, i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā kōkua, a hiki ma Ierusalema i 4 mau mahina ma hope iho, a i ka makahiki wale no 73 makahiki, i ka 5th ka mahina o ka 7th makahiki o Dariu / Aretaxeraseta.
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10. ʻO Josephus record a me nā kahalike o nā Aliʻi Persian, A Solution
Kuro
I Josephus ' Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI, Mokuna kahi i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Kuro e kauoha i ka poʻe Iudaio e hoʻi i ko lākou ʻāina inā makemake lākou a hana hou i ko lākou kūlanakauhale a kūkulu i ka luakini kahi i kū ai ka mea i hala. “Ua hāʻawi aku au i ka poʻe o ka poʻe Iudaio e noho nei ma koʻu ʻāina e makemake e hoʻi i ko lākou ʻāina, a e hana hou i ko lākou kūlanakauhale, ae kūkulu hou i ka luakini o ke Akua ma Ierusalema ma ka wahi āu i hana ai ma mua.[Iii].
Ma kēia e hōʻoia i ko mākou ʻike a pau ka hoʻoholo ʻana ma lalo o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ʻo ia ʻo Kuro.
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ʻO nā ʻolio
I, Mokuna 2 para 2,[Iv] ua ʻike ʻo ia ʻo Cambyses [II] i ke keiki a Kuro iā ia me ka ʻ thelelo Persiano e loaʻa ana i kahi leka a pane aku e hoʻōki i ka poʻe Iudaio. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau huaʻōlelo me ʻEzera 4: 7-24 ma hea kahi Aliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻArezasaseta.
"I ka wā i heluhelu ai ʻo Cambyses i ka episetole, he hewa maoli lākou, ua huhū ʻia i ka mea a lākou i ʻōlelo aku ai iā ia, a kākau hou iā lākou: ke komisina a me ka noho ana ma Samaria a me Poinike, penei penei: Ua heluhelu no wau i ka episetole i hoounaia mai ou aku nei; kauoha aku la au e huli pono na buke a koʻu mau kupuna, a malaila e loaa mau ana ke kulanakauhale he mau enemi i na alii, a ua hoalauei na kamaaina mau kue a me na kaua. "[V].
Ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua o ka hoʻonā, ua ʻike ʻia i hiki ke loaʻa i kēia inoa i ka mea i ʻike ʻia paha he hiki paha i kekahi o nā aliʻi o Peresia ke hoʻohana a i kapa ʻia paha e kekahi o nā inoa o Dariu, Ahasuerus, a i ʻole ʻo Artaxerxes. Eia naʻe, ma ka ʻōlelo 7 ua hōʻike ʻia e hōʻike ʻia ka leka i hoʻouna ʻia iā Artaxerxes, ʻo ia paha ʻo Bardiya / Smerdis / Magi ke kūpono maikaʻi, hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ke kūpono me nā hanana, a me ke ʻano kālaiʻāina hoʻokolokolo.
Ua kuhi hewa paha ʻo Josephus i ka Mō'ī ((paha paha ʻo ʻArezasas ma kāna palapala moʻolelo) me Cambyses?
Ua kū ʻole ka moʻolelo a Josephus i kēia ka mea maikaʻi e wehewehe pono ai i ka leka iā Bardiya / Smerdis / The Magi ʻaʻole paha i ʻike ʻo Josephus i ʻike. Noho ʻo kēia Mōʻī i kekahi mau mahina (e hoʻohālikelike paha nā koho ma waena o 3 a 9 mau mahina).
ʻO Bardiya / Smerdis / Magi
Ma ka Mokuna 3, para 1,[VI] Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Josephus i ka Magi (i ʻike ʻia ʻo mākou ʻo Bardiya a ʻo Smerdis) ka palena no ka makahiki hoʻokahi ma hope o ka make ʻana o Cambyses. ʻAe ʻia kēia me ka hoʻonā manaʻo.
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Dariu
Ua ʻōlelo ʻoi i ke koho ʻana o Darius Hystapes i Aliʻi, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā ʻohana ʻehiku o Peresia. Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻia nō ʻo ia he 127 mau ʻāina. ʻO kēia mau ʻōlelo ʻekolu i ʻike ʻia a i ʻae pū ʻia me ka wehewehe a ʻAhasuero i ka puke a ʻEsetera, a mākou i manaʻo ai, ʻo Darius I / Artaxerks / Ahasuerus i kā mākou hoʻoholo.
Ua hōʻoia ʻo Josephus ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Zerubabela e Darius e hoʻomau i ka kūkulu hou ʻana i ka luakini a me ke kūlanakauhale o Ierusalema e like me ke kauoha a Kuro. "MEA ka make ana o ka Magi, ka mea i make i Kemysesia, lilo i ke aupuni o Peresia no hoʻokahi makahiki, ʻo ia nā ʻohana i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻehiku ʻohana o Peresia i koho iā Dariu, ke keiki a Hystaspes, i aliʻi no lākou. ʻO kēia nei ʻo ia he kanaka kūʻokoʻa, ua hoʻohiki ʻoe i ke Akua, inā e hele ʻo ia ke aliʻi, e hoʻouna aku ia i nā ipu a ke Akua e noho lā ma Babulona i ka luakini ma Ierusalema. "[VII]
He kūʻokoʻa i ka lā i pau ai ka luakini. Hāʻawi ʻo ʻEzera 6:15 e like me ka 6th ka makahiki o Dariu ma ka 3rd o Adar i kahi a Josephus i hoolo e like me ka 9th Makahiki o Dariu ma ka 23rd Adar. Hoʻopilikia nā puke āpau i ke kope ʻana i nā hala ʻole, akā ʻo nā moʻolelo a Josephus i kākau ʻia, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻākoakoa ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Baibala. Ma waho aʻe o nā kope, nā kope mua e ʻike ʻia mai ka 9 a hiki i ka 10th kenekulia me ka nui loa ma ka 11th ia 16th nā kenekulia.
ʻO ka hope loa, uaʻoi aku ka nui o nā kope o ka Baibala i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka puke ma o Josephus me ka hāʻawi ʻokoʻa. I ka hihia ʻo ia ke hakakā ʻana, ua kuhi kēia mea kākau i ka moʻolelo o ka Baibala.[viii] ʻO kahi wehewehe ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ʻo ia ka lā Baibala i hāʻawi ʻia no kahi i piha pono ai ka Luakini e hoʻomaka i nā mōhai, akā ʻo ka lā a Josephus i ka wā i pau ai nā hale kōkua a me ka pā a me nā paia. ʻAʻole pilikia kēia no ka hopena.
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Xesxes
Ma ka Mokuna 5[IX] Ua kākau ʻo Josephus iā Xerasu ke keiki a Dariu e pani ana ma kona hope ʻo Dariu. A laila ʻōlelo ʻo ia iā Ioakima ke keiki a Iesua ʻo ke Kahuna Nui. Inā ʻo ia ka noho ʻana o Xerxes a laila ua noho ʻo Joachim ma nā wahi o 84 he mau makahiki he keu a keu paha, he mea pīpī paha. Ma lalo o ka ʻōlelo paipai e lilo ai ma waena o 50-68 mau makahiki i ke au o Dariu no ka manawa o ka 6th makahiki i ka 20th makahiki o Dariu / Aretaxeraseta. Hāpai wale nō kēia o Ioakima i loko o ke aupuni o Dariu e like me ka mea i loaʻa i loko o nā ʻina.
Eia hou, aia ke ʻano o ka moʻoolelo ʻo Josephus me ka hoʻonā manaʻo ʻana, akā kōkua ke alualu nui ʻana o ke Kahuna Nui inā ʻike mākou i nā hanana i hōʻike ʻia ʻo Xerxes iā Dariu.
Nā hanana a me nā huaʻōlelo i hāʻawi ʻia i ka 7th makahiki o Xerxes ma Josephus Mokuna 5 para. 1. ua like loa me ka moolelo Baibala a Ezera 7 ma ka 7th Makahiki o Aretaasaseta, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ka hoʻonā i Dariu.
Mai ka pōʻai i ʻike ʻia i ke makahiki aʻe (8th) ua make ʻo Ioakima a ua lanakila ʻo ʻEliasiba iā ia e like me Josephus ma ka Mokuna 5, paukū 5[x]. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kūpono pū kēia me ka hoʻonā.
I ka 25th makahiki i ke kuʻikahi ʻo Xerxes Nehemia i Ierusalema. (Mokuna 5, Mokuna 7). ʻAʻole kūpono kēia i nā mea like. ʻAʻole ʻo Xerxes i hōʻike ʻia e kekahi mea loea i hana ʻia ma kahi o 25 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole nō ia i kūlike i ka moolelo Baibala inā Xerxes ʻo Darius a ʻo Artaxerxes I. No laila, ʻo kēia ʻōlelo o Josephus i hiki ʻole ke launa ʻia i kekahi mōʻaukala i ʻike ʻia, a i ka Baibala hoʻi, ua manaʻo ʻia he hewa ia, i ka manawa a kākau paha a i ka hoʻoili ʻia. (ʻAʻole i mālama ʻia kāna mau palapala me ka mālama pono e like me ka Baibala a nā kākau ʻōlelo Masoretic).
ʻO ke ʻano o ke alualu ʻana i ke kahuna kiʻekiʻe ua kū maoli nō ia i kā mākou hoʻoponopono, ʻoiai ʻo Darius ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Artaxerxes.
ʻO ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kekahi o kēia mau hanana iā Xerxes e Josephus, e pīhoihoi ana ia e like me ka puka ʻana mai o ka papa kahakaha ma kēia ala. ʻOiai inā ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka haina sekuler Xerxes ʻaʻole noho aliʻi i 25 mau makahiki. No laila, he pono ka hoʻohana ʻana o Xerxes ma laila e hewa i ka ʻaoʻao o Josephus.
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Aretaksaseta
MOKUNA 6[xi] hāʻawi ʻo ia i hope a ʻo Kuro ke keiki a Xerxes - ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻArexasaseta.
Wahi a Josephus, ʻo ia ʻo ʻArezasaseta i mare iā ʻEsetera, i ka ʻahaʻaina i ke kolu o ka makahiki o kona noho aliʻi ʻana. Wahi a ka pauku 6, ua noho aliʻi ʻo kēia Artaxeraseta ma luna o 127 mau panalāʻau. Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau hanana i kahi hanana moʻoola paʻa i ka wā e hāʻawi iā lākou iā Xerxes.
Akā, inā e lawe ʻia i ka hoʻonā manaʻo ʻōlelo i kapa ʻia ʻo Dariu i kapa ʻia ʻo ʻArezasas a ʻo ʻAhasuero i loko o ka Baibala a laila hoʻolālāʻa ʻo Josephus i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo ʻAretaxera ʻo ke keiki a Xerxes me ka puke ʻo ʻEzera, mokuna 7 ka mea e kapa aku ana iā Darius I, ʻo Aretaasaseta, a laila ua hanana kēia mau hanana e pili ana iā ʻEsetera i hiki ke hui pū ʻia i ka hopena i ʻōlelo ʻia.
MOKUNA 7[xii] Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ʻEliashib i hope ʻo Iune kāna keiki a me Iuda e kāna keiki ʻo Ioane, nāna i hōʻino i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka Hale pule e Bagoses ka mea maʻamau o ʻAtasasaseta (he mea pono o Artaxerxes II ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Artaxerxes I a ʻo ʻAretaxera III?). Ke Aliʻi Nui Poni Ioane (Johanan) i kahuli ʻia e kāna keiki ʻo Jaddua.
ʻO kēia mau ʻike i ka ʻatikala hoʻopaʻa palapala ʻana iā Josephus i ka hoʻonā a mākou i manaʻo ai, a ma kēlā ʻano hopena e hoʻohuli ai ke Kahuna Nui me nā mea ʻole e kānalua a hoʻohui ʻia i nā Kahuna Nui Nui i maopopo ka hana ponoʻī e hana. ʻO ka hapa nui o Josephus a kēia Artaxerxes ka mea paha i ka Artaxerks III i kā mākou hopena.
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Dariu (lua)
MOKUNA 8[xiii] e olelo hou ia Dariu ka Moi. Hoʻohui kēia me ko Sanballat (kahi inoa inoa hou) i make i ka manawa e hoʻopilikia ana iā Gaza, na Alexander Alexander Nui.[xiv]
ʻO Pilipo, ke aliʻi o Makedonia, a me Alexander (ka Nui) i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka manawa o Jaddua a hāʻawi ʻia i mau lā kuʻi kuhi.
No kēia Tarius e kūpono me Darius III o ka secular Chronology a me Darius hope o kā mākou hoʻoholo.
Eia naʻe, ʻoiai me ka wā paʻa o ka hopena i ʻōlelo ʻia ai, aia ke kaawale o kahi kokoke o 80 mau makahiki ma waena o ka Sanballat of Nehemiah a me ka Sanballat o Josephus me Alexander the Great. Ma ka maʻalahi, ka hopena, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻano like. ʻO kahi hiki nō iā ia ke kuʻina o Sanballat o ka moʻo mua o Sanballat, e like me ka ʻike ʻana o nā inoa o nā keiki o nā Sanballat o ka manawa ʻo Nehemia. E ʻoluʻolu e ʻike i ko mākou ʻāpana hope loa no ka nānā hou ʻana i Sanballat.
ʻO kekahi kī nui kekahi o ka hopena kūleʻa.
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11. Ka inoa o ka Apocrypha o na Alii Peresia i 1 & 2 ʻEsera, Hōʻailona
Esdras 3: 1-3 heluhelu "Hana ihola ʻo Dariu ke aliʻi i ʻahaʻaina nui na kona poʻe kānaka a pau, i ka poʻe i hānau ʻia ma kona hale a i nā luna a pau o Media a me Peresia, a me nā mea aliʻi a pau, a me nā luna a me nā luna hoʻi ma lalo ona, mai India a hiki i ʻAitiopa. maloko o na kala he iwakaluakumamahiku.
Hoʻohālikelike kēia e like me nā wehe mua o ka ʻEsetera 1: 1-3 e heluhelu ana:XNUMX ¶ A i ka lā iā ʻAhasuero, ʻo ia ʻo ʻAhasuero ka mea e aliʻi ana ma India mai ʻAsia a hiki i ʻAitiopa, ma luna o hoʻokahi haneri he iwakāluakūmaha ʻāina ... I ke kolu o ka makahiki o kona noho aliʻi ʻana, hana ihola ʻo ia i ʻahaʻaina na kāna mau aliʻi a me kāna poʻe kauwā, ka pūʻali koa o Peresia a me Media, nā poʻe ʻaha aliʻi a me nā aliʻi o nā ʻaha ʻāina ma mua ona ”.
No ia mea, e hoʻokaʻawale nō ia i kekahi kūʻē kue ma waena o kēia mau loina ʻelua inā e like me kēlā me kēia ʻōlelo hōʻike i hoʻākāka ʻia ai mākou ʻo ʻAhasuero a me Dariu hoʻi ʻo ia ka mōʻī hoʻokahi.
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ʻEsetera 13: 1 ('Akepeka) heluhelu "Ano, eia ke kope o ka palapala: ke alii nui o Aretaasaseta ke palapala aku i keia mau mea na na luna he haneri a me iwakalua kumamahiku mai India a hiki i Aitiopa, a me na luna aupuni e waihoia malalo iho o lakou.". Eia nō hoʻi ka ʻōlelo ma ʻEsetera 16: 1.
ʻO kēia mau ʻōlelo i ka Apocryphal ʻEsetera e hāʻawi iā ʻAretaxases ke Aliʻi ma kahi o ʻAhasuero ke aliʻi o ʻEsetera. Eia nō kekahi, maopopo ʻo Apocryphal Esdras i ka hoʻoio ʻana iā King Darius e hana like me ka ʻAha ʻAhasuero ma ʻEsetera.
No ia mea, e kāwae i kekahi ʻaeʻae ʻana i waena o kēia mau moʻolelo ʻelua inā i kēlā me kēia ʻōlelo hoʻākāka a mākou e ʻike ai iā ʻAhasuero a me Dariu a me kēia Artaxerxes ʻo ia kēia mōʻī.
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12. ʻO ka ʻĀpana Septuagint (LXX) He hopena
Ma ka ʻatikala o Septuagint o ka Buke o ʻEsetera, ʻike mākou i ka inoa o ʻAretaxerxes ma mua o ʻAhasuero.
ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻEsetera 1: 1 heluhelu "I ka makahiki ʻelua o ka noho aliʻi ʻana o ʻArezasaseta ke aliʻi nui, i ka lā mua o Nisan, ʻo Mardochaeus ke keiki a Iariānia, “…. "A eia kekahi ma hope o kēia mau lā i nā lā o ʻAretasaseta, (ua noho aliʻi ʻo ʻArezasaseta ma luna o hoʻokahi ʻāina he iwakāluakumamahiku mai India)".
Ma ka puke a Septuagint a ʻ Ezralelo, loaʻa iā mākou ʻo "Assuerus" ma kahi o ʻAhasuero mai ka ʻōlelo Masoretic, a me "Arthasastha" ma kahi o ka ʻAretaxerxes o ka palapala Masoretic. ʻO kēia mau ʻokoʻa inoa inoa wale nō ma muli o ke kākau puke Masoretic e hoʻopili ana i ka unuhi Hebera akā he kū'ē i ka Septuagint e loaʻa ai ka unuhi ʻōlelo Helene. E ʻike i ka ʻāpana H ma ka mahele 5 o kēia ʻano.
ʻO ka moʻolelo Septuagint ma ʻEzera 4: 6-7 e ʻōlelo ai "A i ke au o Assuero, ma ka makamua o kona noho ana, kakau iho la lakou i palapala no ka poe e noho ana o Iuda a me Ierusalema. A i nā lā o Arthasastha, kākau maluhia ʻo Tabeel iā Mithradates a me ke koena o kona mau hoa lawelawe: kākau ka ʻauhau kālā iā Arthasastha ke aliʻi o Peresia i kākau i ka ʻōlelo Syrian.
Wahi e like me ka ʻaha ʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe e ʻAhasuero ma aneʻi ʻo Cambyses (II) a me ka ʻAretaxera ma aneʻi ʻo Bardiya / Smerdis / Magi e like me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana o ka Masoretic ʻEkā 4: 6-7.
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ʻO ka Septuagint no ʻEzera 7: 1 kahi Arthasastha ma kahi o Artaxerxes o ka ʻōlelo Masoretic a heluhelu ʻo "XNUMX ¶ Ma hope iho o kēia mau mea, i ke au o Arthasastha ke aliʻi o Peresia, piʻi maila ʻo ʻEzdras ke keiki a Saraias,.
ʻO kēia wale nō ka ʻokoʻa o ka unuhi ʻōlelo Hebera a me ka unuhi ʻōlelo Helene no ka inoa hoʻokahi a e like me ka mea i noi ʻia ʻo Darius (I) o nā hanana kūhelu e pili ana i ka wehewehe o. E hoʻomaopopo pono iā Esdras me kā Ezra.
Pela ka olelo ma Nehemia 2: 1 nana i heluhelu.A i ka malama ʻo Nisan o ka iwakāluakū makahiki o ke aliʻi ʻo ʻAthasastha, aia nō ka mua o ka waina.
He kūmole: ʻAe
Hoʻohana ka ʻatikala Septuagint o Ezra iā Darius ma nā wahi like me ka palapala Masoretic.
ʻO ka laʻana, ʻEkera 4:24 heluhelu “Alaila oki i ka hana o ka hale o ke Akua ma Ierusalema, a ua ku nei a hiki i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke au o Dariu ke aliʻi o Peresia. (ʻEneka Septuagint).
Ka Hopena:
I loko o nā puke Septuagint a ʻEzera a me Nehemia, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Arthasastha e pili ana iā Artaxerxes (ʻoiai i kēlā me kēia mau moʻolelo like ʻole nā Artaxerxes he ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe a me Assuerus mau mea like me ʻAhasueru. na Ezera a me Nehemia, a i ke ola mau ʻo Artaxerasosy ma mua o ʻAhasuero.
He kūmole: ʻAe
13. ʻO Cuneiform kahi kumuhana a me nā pilikia palapala hōʻoia e hoʻopau ʻia, he hopena?
Aole naʻe.
No ka hoʻomau ʻia ma ka Mahele 8….
[I] ʻO ka Hoʻohui piha o Ctesias unuhi ʻia e Nichols, ʻaoʻao 92, para (15) https://www.academia.edu/20652164/THE_COMPLETE_FRAGMENTS_OF_CTESIAS_OF_CNIDUS_TRANSLATION_AND_COMMENTARY_WITH_AN_INTRODUCTION
[Ii] Josephus - He Kahuna Nui o na Iudaio, Buke XI, Mokuna 8, pauku 7,. http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf
[Iii] ʻAoʻao 704 pdf version o Hoʻopau i nā hana piha a Josephus. http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf
[Iv] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[V] ʻAoʻao 705 pdf version o Hoʻopau i nā hana piha a Josephus http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf
[VI] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[VII] ʻAoʻao 705 pdf version o Hoʻopau i nā hana piha a Josephus http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf
[viii] No kaʻike hou aʻe e nānā http://tertullian.org/rpearse/manuscripts/josephus_antiquities.htm
[IX] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[x] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[xi] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[xii] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[xiii] Na Antiquities o ka poe Iudaio, Helu XI
[xiv] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf Josephus, Kaumaha o na Iudaio, Buke XI, Mokuna 8 v 4
