Kuenzanisa Uporofita hwaMesiya hwaDanyeri 9: 24-27 neSeed History

Nhau dzinozivikanwa neDzinowanzwisisika

ziviso

Ndima yerugwaro munaDanyeri 9: 24-27 ine chiporofita nezve kunguva yekuuya kwaMesiya. Kuti Jesu ndiye aive Mesia akapikirwa ndiyo hwaro hwekutenda nekunzwisisa kwevaKristu. Iko zvakare iko kudavirwa kwemunyori.

Asi iwe wakambonzvera iwe pachako hwaro hwekutenda kuti Jesu ndiye aive Mesia akafanotaurwa? Iye munyori akange asati ambonyatsoita zvakadaro. Kune akawanda, mazhinji, kududzira maererano nemisi uye zviitiko zvine huchienderana neichi chiporofita. Hazvigoni kuti zvese zvive zvechokwadi. Naizvozvo, sezvo chiri musimboti uye nekudaro uporofita hwakakosha, zvakakosha kuedza kuunza kujekesa kune nzwisiso.

Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa pakutanga izvo zvakapa zviitiko izvi zvakaitika pakati pemazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemaviri emakore apfuura, zvakaoma kuva 2,000% vamwe nezve chero nzwisiso. Zvakare, isu tinofanirwa kuyeuka kuti kana paine humbowo husinga bvumike huripo, saka panenge pasisina chikonzero chekutenda. Izvo, zvisinei, hazvifanire kutitadzisa kuedza kunyatsojekesa kuti tingave sei nechivimbo chekuti Jesu ndiye aive Mesia akapikirwa.

Zvinonakidza muna Vaheberi 11: 3 mupostori Pauro anotiyeuchidza "Nokutenda tinoona kuti mamiriro ezvinhu akaiswa akarongeka neshoko raMwari, kuti izvo zvinoonekwa zvazove kunze kwezvinhu zvisingaonekwe". Zvichiri zvakadaro nanhasi. Icho chokwadi chekuti Chikristu chakapararira nekutsungirira, kunyangwe nekushushwa kwakanyanya kwakanyanya kuburikidza nemazana emakore chiratidzo chekutenda kwevanhu mushoko raMwari. Pamusoro peizvi, chokwadi chekuti Chikristu chinogona kuchinja zvikuru hupenyu hwevanhu kuti huve nani, chinotibatsira kuona zvinhu “Onekwa” izvo 'Bva pazvinhu izvo' haigone kutsveneswa kana kuwona nhasi ("Usaonekwe"). Zvichida nheyo yakanaka yekutevera ndiyo nheyo inoshandiswa mune dzakawanda masisitimu eMutemo. Musimboti uyu ndewekuti munhu anofanirwa kutonga zvichibva pane nyaya yacho uye chokwadi chiri kuratidzwa pamusoro pekusajeka kwemubvunzo. Saizvozvo, nenhoroondo yekare zvakare, tinogona kuwana zvinhu zvinopa humbowo hwekuti zvechokwadi Jesu ndiMesiya akapikirwa, pasingabvumike zvine musoro. Nekudaro, izvo hazvifanirwe kutitadzisa kuongorora zvirevo, kana kuedza kunzwisisa chirevo cheBhaibheri zviri nani.

Izvi zvinotevera mhedzisiro yekuferefeta kwemunyori, pasina chirevo chimwe kunze kwekuyedza kuona kana kunzwisisa kwaive kwazivikanwa nemunyori kubva pahudiki hwake ichokwadi chechinhu ichi. Dai zvainge zvisizvo, saka munyori angaedza kuita kuti zvinhu zvijeke, uye nepasina mubvunzo kupokana pazvinogoneka. Munyori aida kuve nechokwadi kuti zvinyorwa zveBhaibheri zvinopihwa nzvimbo yepamusoro vachishandisa Exegesis[I] pane kuedza kuyenderana nechero nguva inogamuchirwa yenyika kana yechitendero inozivikanwa seEisegesis.[Ii] Kuti izvi zviitike, pakutanga munyori akatarisisa pakuwana nzwisiso chaiyo yeChronology magwaro anotipa. Chinangwa chaive chekuyedza kuyananisa izvo zvinozivikanwa nyaya uye kuziva kutanga uye magumo ekuporofita. Pakanga pasina marongero ekuti ndeapi mazuva ayo mukarenda renyika avanofanira kufananidza uye zviitiko izvi zvavanofanira kunge vari Iye munyori aingoenda kunotungamirwa nezvinyorwa zveBhaibheri.

Chete kana chinyorwa chebhaibheri chinyatsojeka, icho chakatanga kupa ruzivo rwekuti chii chingave chakaitika neyekuverenga nguva, paive nemuyedzo chero upi zvawo wakaitwa wekuyananisa kutevedzana kwenyika ne nguva dzeBhaibheri. Hapana shanduko yakaitwa kuChronology yeBhaibheri yaive yawanikwa. Panzvimbo pezvo kuyedza kuyananisa uye kukodzera chokwadi chinowanikwa muchinyorwa chezvemazuva neicho chinyorwa cheBhaibheri chakaitwa.

Mhedzisiro yacho yakashamisika, uye inogona kupokana nevazhinji, sezvamunoona munguva yakakodzera.

Hakuna kuedza kwakamboitwa kana kuzoitwa kuti kupikise dzidziso dzakasiyana siyana uye zvitendero zvinobatwa nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenzanga kana nezvitendero zvakasiyana zvechiKristu. Izvi zviri kunze kwechinangwa cheuunganidzwa uyu iwo unowana kunzwisisa kweBhaibheri kweuporofita hwaMesiya. Pane misiyano yakawanda kwazvo ingavhiringidza kubva mushoko kuti Jesu zvechokwadi ndiye Mesia wechiporofita.[Iii]

Sezvo sezvavanotaura, nzira yakanakisa yekutanga chero nyaya ndeye kutanga pakutanga chaipo, saka zvaive zvakakosha kutanga nekudzokorora nekukurumidza kuongorora kweuporofita huri muchikonzero kuti uedze kuve nerekunzwisisa pachena kwechiporofita chekutanga nacho. Kutarisa zvakadzama kutarisa chiporofita kupindura mibvunzo kuti chaizvo sei mimwe mitezo inofanira kunzwisiswa yaizouya gare gare.

Chiporofita

Dhanieri 9: 24-27 rinoti:

“Kune mavhiki makumi manomwe [nomwe] izvo zvakatemerwa pamusoro pevanhu vako nepamusoro peguta rako dzvene, kuti abvise kudarika, uye kupedza zvivi, nekuyananisira kukanganisa, nekuunza kururama nekusingaperi, uye nekuisa chisimbiso pazviratidzo uye muporofita, uye nekuzodza Nzvimbo Tsvene. ²⁵ Iwe unofanirwa kuziva uye kuva nekunzwisisa [izvo] kubva pakuenda kweshoko rekuti vadzore uye vavakezve Jerusarema kusvikira Mesia [Mutungamiriri], pachave nemavhiki manomwe [nomwe], zvakare makumi matanhatu nemavhiki maviri [nomwe]. Iye achadzoka agovakwazve, ine nzvimbo ine ruzhinji uye moat, asi mumatambudziko enguva.

²⁶ “Uye mushure memavhiki makumi matanhatu nemaviri [nomwe] Mesia achagurwa, pasina chinhu kwaari.

“Guta nenzvimbo inoyera izvo vanhu vatungamiriri ari kuuya vachazviparadza. Uye kuguma kwazvo kuchave nemafashama. Uye kusvikira pakuguma kuchave nehondo; Izvo zvinofungwa pamusoro pazvo ndiko kuitwa dongo.

²⁷ “Iye anofanira kuchengeta [sungano] ichishanda kune vazhinji kwevhiki imwe [zvinomwe]; uye pahafu yesvondo [zvinomwe] uchagumisa chibayiro nezvipiriso.

“Uye pabapiro rezvinonyangadza pachava neanoparadza; uye kusvikira kuparadzwa, chinhu chakasarudzwazve chinodururukira pane iye ari dongo. ” (NWT Reference Edition). [italics in brackets: their], [zvinomwe: zvangu].

 

Chinhu chakakosha kucherechedza ndechekuti iwo chaiwo chiHebheru mavara ane izwi racho "Sabuim"[Iv]  chinozoreva izvo kuti “nomwe”, uye nokudaro zvinoreva kuti "zvinomwe". Zvinogona kureva mwaka wevhiki (unosanganisira mazuva manomwe) kana gore zvichienderana nemamiriro akaperera. Nekuda kwekuti chiporofita hachina musoro kana chichiverenga vhiki makumi manomwe kunze kwekunge muverengi akashandisa dudziro, shanduro zhinji hadziise "vhiki (s)" asi vanonamatira kune izvo chaizvo zvinoreva ndokuisa "zvinomwe". Chiporofita ichi chinoreruka kunzwisisa kana tikataura sezvazviri muna 70: "uye pahafu yechinomwe achagumisa chibayiro nechinopiwa chechipo ” sekuziva kuti hurefu hwoushumiro hwaJesu hwaive makore matatu nehafu isu tinonzwisisa izvo zvinomwe kuti zvinongedzera kumakore, pane kuverenga “mavhiki” uye nekuzoyeuka kuchishandura kuva “makore”.

Mimwe mibvunzo inoda mimwe pfungwa ndeiyi:

Yaani “Izwi” or "Command" zvingave here?

Ingave iri iro izwi ra / Mwari Mwari kana raira / raMambo wePezhiya? (vhesi 25).

Kana manomwe nomwe makore, saka makore mangani pamazuva?

Makore mazana matatu mazuva akareba, iro rinonzi gore rekuporofita?

Kana kuti makore 365.25 mazuva akareba here, iro gore rezuva ratinoziva?

Kana kuti kureba kwegore remwedzi, zvinotora makore gumi nemasere kutenderera kusati kwasvika hurefu hwakaenzana neakaenzana mazuva emakore 19 solar? (Izvi zvinowanikwa nekuwedzerwa kwemwedzi yakasvetuka panguva mbiri kana mbiri pagore)

Kune zvakare mimwe mibvunzo ingangodaro. Kuongorora kwepedyo kwerugwaro rwechiHebheru nokudaro kunodiwa, kusimbisa chinyorwa chaicho uye zvadzinoreva, usati watarisa zviitiko zvakafanana mune mamwe magwaro.

Iripo Kunzwisisa Kwese

Netsika, zvinowanzo nzwisisika kuva makumi maviri^th Mwaka weAritashasita (I)[V] izvo zvakaratidza kutanga kweMesia makumi manomwe makumi manomwe (kana mavhiki) emakore. Zvinoenderana nemagwaro matsvene Nehemia akawana mvumo yekuvakazve masvingo eJerusarema muna makumi maviri^th Mwaka weArtashasita anodudzira nyika saArtaxerx I (Nehemia 2: 1, 5) uye nekuita izvi, inofungidzirwa nevakawanda, Nehemia / Artaxerxes (I) akakonzera kutanga kwemakumi manomwe manomwe (kana mavhiki) emakore. Nekudaro, nhoroondo yenyika ino ndeyeArtaxerxes (I) makumi maviri^th gore sa 445 BC, rinova makore gumi rakanonoka kuenzana nekuonekwa kwaJesu muna 10 CE nekuguma kwe29^th minomwe (kana vhiki) yemakore.[vi]

The 70^th zvinomwe (kana vhiki), nechibayiro uye nechinopi chechipo chekumira pakati pevhiki re7 (makore 3.5 / mazuva), zvinoita senge zvinoenderana nekufa kwaJesu. Chibairo chake chorudzikinuro, kamwe kwenguva, nekupa izvo zvibayiro patembere yaHerodhian sezvisingabvumirwi uye zvisingachadiwi. Kupera kwemakumi manomwe manomwe manomwe (kana mavhiki) emakore, kwaizoenderana nekuvhurwa kweVemamwe Marudzi muna 70 AD vetariro yekuve zvakare vanakomana vaMwari pamwe nevaKristu vechiJuda.

Vanenge vatatu vadzidzi[vii] vakaratidza humbowo hunobvira[viii] kutsigira pfungwa yekuti Xerxes akange ari mubati pamwe chete nababa vake Darius I (Mukuru) kwemakore gumi, uye kuti Artaxerxes I akatonga makore gumi zvakare (kune rake regumi nemakumi mana neshanu panzvimbo yechinyakare makumi mana emakore akagoverwa). Pasi peyakajairwa kuverenga nguva izvi zvinofambisa Artaxerxes 10^th gore kubva 445 BC kusvika muna 455 BC, izvo zvinowedzera 69 * 7 = makore 483, zvinotisvitsa kuna 29 AD. Nekudaro, uku kurudziro yemubatanidzwa yemakore gumi-kubvumirana kwakanyanya kukakavara uye hakugamuchirwi nenyanzvi dzepamutemo.

Shure kwekuongorora uku

Munyori akamboshandisa mazana mazhinji emaawa pamusoro pemamwe makore mashanu kana anopfuura, achiongorora zvakadzama izvo Bhaibheri rinotiudza nezve urefu hwekutapwa kwevaJudha ku Bhabhironi uye kuti zvakatanga sei. Mukuita uku, kuwanikwa kwakaitwa kuti chinyorwa cheBhaibheri chigogona kuyananiswa nyore nyore neicho chaive chinhu chakakosha kwazvo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvakaonekwawo kuti Bhaibheri rakabvumirana nekutevedzana kwenguva uye nguva yenguva yakawanikwa muzvinyorwa zvenyika, pasina kupokana, kunyangwe izvo zvaisave zvekutanga kana zvaidiwa. Izvi zvaireva kuti nguva yaive pakati pekuparadzwa kweJerusarema naNebhukadhinezari munagumi nemaviri^th Mwaka waZedhekia, mukuwa kweBabironi kuna Koreshi, aingova makore 48 panzvimbo pemakore makumi matanhatu nemasere.[ix]

Kukurukura neshamwari nezve izvi zvabuda kwakavatungamira kuti vataure kuti ivo pachavo vakagutsikana kuti kutanga kwekuvakwa kweatari muJerusarema kwaifanirwa kuve kutanga kweMesiya makumi manomwe nenomwe (kana mavhiki) emakore. Chikonzero chavakapa nekuda kweichi chakave muchikamu chikuru nekuda kwekudzokororwa kwekudzoreredza ichi chiitiko chakakosha mumagwaro. Izvi zvakakurudzira chisarudzo chega chekuti yaive nguva yekuwongorora zvakare mune zvakadzama kunzwisisika kwakanzwisisika nezvese kutanga kwenguva ino kuve muna 70 BC kana 455 BC. Izvo zvaidawo ongororo yekuti kana zuva rekutanga rinoenderana ne makumi maviri^th Mwaka weAritashasita I, kunzwisisa kwevanyori kwaizivikanwa nako.

Zvakare, aive iye Mambo uyo watinoziva saArtashasita I munhoroondo yenyika? Isu tinodawo kuti tiongorore kuti magumo enguva iyi ainyatsove muna 36 AD. Nekudaro, uku kutsvagudza kungave pasina chero chirongwa chakatemwa pamusoro pemhedzisiro inodikanwa kana inotarisirwa. Idzi sarudzo dzese dzinozoongororwa nekutarisisisa nhoroondo yeBhaibheri nerubatsiro renhoroondo yenyika. Chekutanga kukosha kwaive kurega magwaro azvidudzire.

Mukuverenga kwekutanga uye kutsvagurwazve kwemabhuku eBhaibheri anofukidza nguva yapashure yeExilic yekutsvagurudza zvine chekuita nezvekutapwa kweBabironi, pakange paine nyaya shomashoma dzakawonekwa dzaive dzakaoma kuwiriranisa nekunzwisisa kwanga kuripo. Yakanga zvino yave nguva yekuongororazve nyaya idzi zvakanaka uchishandisa Exegesis[x] pane Eisegesis[xi], iyo yakazopedzisira yaitwa pamwe nekuongororwa kwekutapwa kwevaJudha mu Bhabhironi nemigumisiro inobatsira kwazvo.

Nhau ina huru dzaizivikanwa nechekare kubva kuzvidzidzo zvekare zvemagwaro matsva (asi aive asina kuongororwa zvakadzama panguva iyoyo) aive akadai.

1. Zera raModhekai, kana Xerxes ari Mambo [Ahashivheroshi] akaroora Esiteri uye nekuwedzera makore aEsiteri amene.
2. Zera raEzra naNehemiya, kana Aritashasita emabhuku eBhaibheri aEzra naNehemia aive Artashasta I wekongororo yenyika.
3. Zvinorevei kuti manomwe nomwe (kana mavhiki) emakore akapindana nemakumi matatu emakore? Chii chaive chinangwa chekuchiparadzanisa nemavhiki makumi matanhatu nemaviri? Pasi panzwisiso iripo yenguva yenguva inotanga mune makumi maviri^th Year of Artaxerxes I, kupera kweiwo manomwe manomwe (kana mavhiki) kana makore anodonha pedyo nekuguma kwekutonga kwaDharius II, pasina chinoitika chebhaibheri chakaitika kana kunyorwa munhoroondo yenyika kunyora kupera kwenguva ino yemakore makumi mana nematatu.
4. Nhau nekuomerwa kwekufananidza nguva, vanhu vakaita nhoroondo vakaita saSanballat vanowanikwa mune zvekunze zvinyorwa nezviwanikwa zviri muBhaibheri. Vamwewo vanosanganisira Mupristi Mukuru wekupedzisira akataurwa naNehemiya, Jaddua, uyo anoratidzika kunge achiri Mupristi Mukuru panguva yaAlexander Mukuru, maererano naJosephus, iyo yaive yakakura kwazvo nguva yenguva, kuve anopfuura makore zana nemhinduro dziripo.

Dzimwe nyaya dzaizoonekwa sekutsvagurudza kufambira mberi. Izvo zvinotevera mhedzisiro yekutsvaga ikoko. Patinenge tichiongorora nyaya idzi, tinofanirwa kuyeuka mazwi ePisarema 90:10 rinoti

"Mazuva awo makore makumi manomwe,

Kana vane simba makore makumi masere, kana vane simba,

Asi kusimbirira kwavo kuri padambudziko uye nezvinhu zvinokuvadza;

Nekuti inofanira kupfuura napo, tobva tabhururuka".

Aya mamiriro ezvinhu ane chekuita nehupenyu hwehupenyu hwevanhu achiri kuita nanhasi. Kunyangwe nekufambira mberi kuri mukuziva nezveutano nekupihwa hutano, zvichiri zvisingawanzo kune chero munhu kurarama kusvika pamakore zana uye kunyangwe munyika dziine hutano hwepamusoro hwekare hupenyu hwehupenyu hausati hwanyanya kupfuura ichi chirevo cheBhaibheri.

1.      Zera raMordhekai & Esther Dambudziko

Esiteri 2: 5-7 inodaro “Mumwe murume, iye muJudha, aivawo munhare yeShushani, wainzi Modhekai mwanakomana waJairi, mwanakomana waShimei, mwanakomana waKishi, muBhenjamini, akanga atapwa kuJerusarema ivo vakatapwa, vakatapwa, naJekonia mambo waJudha, wakatapwa naNebhukadhinezari mambo weBhabhironi. Iye akava mutariri waHadhasa, ndiye Esiteri, mwanasikana wehama yababa vake,…. Akafa baba vake namai vake Modhekai akamutora.

Jekonia [Jehoyakini] nevamwe vaaive navo, vakatapwa makore gumi nerimwe pamberi pekuparadzwa kwekumusoro kweJerusarema naNebhukadhinezari. Pakutanga kuona Esteri 11: 2 zvinogona kunzwisisika zviri nyore kuti ari kutaura kuti Modhekai "vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapwa, vakatapa, vakatapa, vakatapwa, vakatapirwa Jerusaremu pamwechete navanhu vakatapwa, vakatapwa, Jekonia, mambo waJudha, wakatapwa naNebhukadhinezari mambo weBhabhironi Ezira 2: 2 inotaura nezvaModhekai pamwe naZerubhabheri, Jeshua, naNehemia mukudzoka kubva kuKutapwa. Kunyangwe kana tichifungidzira kuti Modhekai akangozvarwa makumi maviri emakore isati yadzoka kubva kuhutapwa tine dambudziko.

• Kutora makore mashoma ezera, uye makore gumi nematatu ekutonga kwaZedhekia kubva mukutapwa kwaJehoyakini kusvika mukuparadzwa kweJerusarema uyezve makore makumi mana nemashanu kusvika pakudonha kweBabironi, zvinoreva kuti Modhekai aifanira kuve wemakore makumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu. apo Koreshi akasunungura maJuda kuti vadzokere kuJudha neJerusarema mune yake 1^st
• Nehemia 7: 7 naEzra 2: 2 vese vanotaura Modhekai semumwe weavo vakaenda kuJerusarema neJudha naZerubhabheri naJeshua. Ndiye mumwe chete uyu Modhekai? Nehemia anotaurwa mumavhesi mamwechete, uye zvinoenderana nemabhuku eBhaibheri aEzra, Nehemia, Hagai, naZekaria, vanhu vatanhatu ava vakaita mukurumbira mukuvakazve Tembere nemadziro neguta reJerusarema. Nei vanhu vanonzi saNehemiya naModhekai vataurwa pano vasiyane nevaya vanotaurwa kumwewo mumabhuku iwaya eBhaibheri? Dai vaive vanhu vakasiyana vanyori vaEzra naNehemia vangadai vakajekesa kuti ndivanani nekupa ivo baba vevanhu vacho kuti vadzivise kunyongana, sezvavanoita nevamwe vanhu vane zita rakafanana nevamwe vanyori vanokosha sa Jeshua nevamwe.[xii]
• Esiteri 2:16 inopa humbowo hwekuti Modhekai aive mupenyu mune yechinomwe^th gore ramambo Ahashivheroshi. Kana Ahashivheroshi ari Xerxes the Great (I) sekutsanangurwa kwazvinowanzoitwa izvi zvinoita kuti Modhekai (1 + 11 + 48 + 9 + 8 + 36 + 7 = 120). Tichifunga kuti Esiteri aive hama yake yaizomuita makore 100-120 ezera kana asarudzwa naXerxes!
• Modhekai aive achiri mupenyu makore mashanu gare gare mune gumi nemaviri^th mwedzi we12^th gore raMambo Ahashivheroshi (Esiteri 3: 7, 9: 9). Esiteri 10: 2-3 inoratidza kuti Modhekai akararama kupfuura ino nguva. Kana Mambo Ahashivheroshi anozivikanwa saMambo Xerxes, sezvazvinowanzoitwa, saka nevane gumi nevaviri^th gore raXerxes, Modhekai aizove ari mashoma emakore 115 kusvika pamakore zana nemashanu. Izvi hazvina musoro.
• Wedzera huwandu hwekutonga kwechinyakare kwaKoreshi (9), Cambyses (8), Dhariusi (36), kune gumi nemaviri^th gore rekutonga kwaXerxes rinopa zera risingagone re125 (1 + 11 + 48 = 60 + 9 + 8 + 36 + 12 = 125). Kunyangwe tikabvuma kuti Xerxes akange aine mubatanidzwa pamwe chete nababa vake Dharius kwemakore gumi, izvi zvichiri kungopa zera remakore zana nemakumi matatu, naModhekai ane makore 10-chete chete paakatamirwa kuBhabhironi.
• Kugamuchira kutapwa kwamakore makumi masere neshanu kubva mukufa kwaZedhekia kusvika mukudonha kweBabironi, zvinongoita kuti mamiriro acho atonyanya kuipa achipa makore anosvika 68, uye anosvika kumakore gumi nematanhatu zvakare.
• Seiwo nzwisiso kubva pakuongorora kwedu kwekutanga kwenguva-pakati pekufa kwaZedhekia naKoreshi achitora Bhabhironi, nguva ino yekutapwa muBabironiya inofanirwa kuve nemakore makumi manomwe nemakumi masere neshanu. Nekudaro, kunyangwe zvakadaro, chimwe chinhu hachigone kuve nekunzwisisa kwakajairika kwetsika dzeBhaibheri.

Ezira 2: 2 inotaura nezvaModhekai pamwe naZerubhabheri, Jeshua, naNehemia mukudzoka kubva kuKutapwa. Kunyangwe isu tichifungidzira kuti Modhekai akangozvarwa makumi maviri emakore isati yadzoka kubva kuKutapwa, isu tichine dambudziko. Kana Esiteri nyangwe hama yaingova mudiki wemakore makumi maviri, uye akazvarwa panguva yekudzoka kubva kuKutapwa, aizove makumi matanhatu naModhekai 20 paakaroora Xerxes, anozivikanwa saAhashivheroshi webhuku raEsteri nenyanzvi dzenyika uye dzechitendero. . Iri idambudziko rakakura.

Zviri pachena kuti izvi hazviitike.

2.      Age yeEzra Chinetso

Izvi zvinotevera pfungwa huru mukutanga nguva yehupenyu hwaEzra:

• Jeremiah 52: 24 na2Madzishe 25: 28-21 zvese zvinoratidza kuti Seraya, Mupristi Mukuru panguva yekutonga kwaZedhekia, akaendeswa kuna mambo weBhabhironi ndokuurayiwa, nguva pfupi yadonha kweJerusarema.
• 1 Makoronike 6: 14-15 inotsigira izvi painotaura izvozvo Azariya akabereka Seraya. Seraya akabereka Jozadaki. Jozadaki ndiye wakaenda panguva iyo Jehovha akatapa Judha neJerusaremu kutapwa noruoko rwaNebhukadhinezari.
• Muna Ezira 3: 1-2 “Jeshua mwanakomana waJehozadaki nehama dzake vapristi” vanotaurwa pakutanga kwekudzoka kuJudha kubva kuutapwa mugore rekutanga raKoreshi.
• Ezira 7: 1-7 inotaura “Mukutonga kwe Aritashasita mambo wePersiaEzira mwanakomana waSeraya, mwanakomana waAzaria, mwanakomana waHirikia. Mumwedzi wechishanu, iwo uri gore rechinomwe ramambo. "
• Uyezve Nehemia 12: 26-27, 31-33 inoratidza Ezra pakuvhurwa kwerusvingo rweJerusarema muna20^th Mwaka weAritashasita.

Kuisa izvi zvikamu zvemashoko pamwechete, zvinoita sekunge Jehozadaki aive mwanakomana wedangwe waSeraya Mupristi Mukuru, pakudzoka kubva kuutapwa hofisi yoMupristi Mukuru akaenda kuna Jeshua mwanakomana waJeshua. Ezira saka angave ari wechipiri akaberekwa naSeraya Mupristi Mukuru panguva yaZedhekia. Jeshua aive mwanakomana waJehozadaki, uye nekudaro akava Mupristi Mukuru paakadzokera kuJudha mushure moutapwa kuBhabhironi. Kuti uve Mupristi Mukuru, Jeshua aifanira kuve nemakore makumi maviri ekuzvarwa, angangove makumi matatu emakore, iyo yaive nguva yekutanga yekushanda sevapristi patebhenekeri uye gare gare kuTembere.

Numeri 4: 3, 4: 23, 4: 30, 4: 35, 4: 39, 4: 43; , Mupristi Mukuru airatidzika kunge achashanda kusvika parufu uye ozotorwa nemwanakomana wake kana muzukuru.

Seakaurawa naSeraya naNebhukadhinezari, zvinoreva kuti Ezira angadai akazvarwa nguva iyoyo isati yasvika, gumi nembiri^th Year of Zedhekia, iro gumi nemasere^th Regnal gore raNebhukadhinezari.

Pasi pechigaro chenguva dzose cheBhaibheri, nguva kubva mukudonha kweBabironi kunaKoreshi kusvika kuna7^th gore rekutonga kwaAritashasita (I), rine zvinotevera:

Akazvarwa baba vake vasati vafa, iyo yakangoita nguva pfupi rapfuura kuparadzwa kweJerusarema, makore zana, Akadzingwa muBabironi, makore makumi mana nemanomwe, Koreshi, makore 1, + Cambyses, makore masere, + Dhariusi Mukuru I, makore makumi masere, + Xerxes, makore makumi maviri nemasere. Aritashasita I, Makore manomwe. Izvi zvinosvika makore zana nemakumi matatu, zera risingafungidzike.

The 20^th Year of Artaxerxes, mamwe makore gumi nemaviri, inotitora kubva pamakore zana negumi nemashanu kusvika kumakore gumi nematatu gumi nematatu Kunyangwe tikatora Xerxes sekunge ine gumi ramakore kubatanidzwa pamwe naDhariusi Mukurusa, mazera anongoburuka kusvika pagumi nemakumi matatu nematanhatu. Chaizvoizvo, chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka nekunzwisisa ikozvino.

Zviri pachena kuti izvi hazviitike. 

3.      Zera reNehemia Dambudziko

 Ezira 2: 2 ine kududzwa kwekutanga kwaNehemiya paakarondedzera avo vakasiya Bhabhironi kuti vadzokere kuJudha. Anotaurwa pamwe chete naZerubhabheri, Jeshua, naModhekai pakati pevamwe. Nehemia 7: 7 yakafanana chaizvo naEzra 2: 2. Zvakare hazvifungidzike kuti aive mudiki panguva ino, nekuti vese vaanodudzwa pamwe navo vaive vakuru uye vese vangave vaive pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu ezera.

Conservatively, saka, isu tinofanira kugadza Nehemia zera ramakore makumi maviri pakudonha kweBabironi kuna Koreshi, asi aigona kuve angangoita makore gumi kana anopfuura, akakwirira.

Tinofanirawo kuongorora muchidimbu zera raZerubhabheri sezvineiwo zvine chekuita nezera raNehemiya.

• 1 Makoronike 3: 17-19 inoratidza Zerubhabheri aive mwanakomana wenyama waPedhaya, wechitatu mwanakomana wa [Mambo] Jehoyakini.
• Matthew 1:12 inotaura nezvedzinza raJesu uye inonyora kuti mushure mekudzoswa kuBhabhironi, Jekonia (Jehoyakini) akabereka Shealtieri [wedangwe); Shealtieri akabereka Zerubhabheri.
• Izvo zvinokonzeresa uye nemabatirwo chaiwo haana kutaurwa, asi kutevedzana kwepamutemo uye mutsara zvakapfuura kubva kuna Shealtieri kuenda kuna Zerubhabheri, muzukuru wake. Shealtieri haana kunyorwa seane vana, kana naMarikirami, mwanakomana wechipiri waJehoyakini. Uhu humwe humbowo hunoratidzawo zera rekusvikira pamakore makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu nemashanu kusvika kwaZerubhabheri. (Izvi zvinobvumidza makore makumi maviri neshanu kubva pakutapwa kwaJehoyakini kusvika mukuzvarwa kwaZerubhabheri, kubva pagumi nemaviri 20 + 35 + 25 = 11. 48-1 = 60.)

Jeshua aive Mupristi Mukuru, uye Zerubhabheri aive Gavhuna weJudha mune ye2^nd Mwaka waDhariusi zvinoenderana naHagai 1: 1, makore 19 chete akazotevera. (Koreshi +9 makore, Cambyses +8 makore, uye Dhariusi +2 makore). Zerubhabheri paakanga ari Gavhuna muna 2^nd gore raDhariusi ipapo angangove aisvika makore makumi mana kusvika makumi mana nemashanu.

Nehemia anotaurwa saGavhuna mumazuva aJoyakimi mwanakomana waJeshua [aishanda seMupristi Mukuru] naEzra, munaNehemiya 12: 26-27, panguva yekumiswa kwemadziro eJerusarema. Uyu aive makumi maviri^th Mwaka weAritashasita maererano naNehemiya 1: 1 naNehemiya 2: 1.[xiii]

Saka, maererano neyakajairika nhoroondo yemuBhaibheri, nguva yaNehemiya yakanga isati yawa Bhabhironi, makumi maviri emakore, + Koreshi, makore 20, + Cambyses, makore masere, + Dhariusi Mukuru I, makore makumi masere nemasere, + Xerxes, 9 makore + Aritashasita I, Makore makumi maviri. Saka 8 + 36 + 21 + 20 + 20 + 9 = makore 8. Ino zvakare izera risinganzwisisike kwazvo.

Nehemia 13: 6 inobva yanyora kuti Nehemia akange adzoka kuzoshumira mambo mune makumi matatu nemaviri^nd Mwaka weAritashasita, Mambo weBhabheri, apedza makore gumi nemaviri seGavhuna. Nhoroondo yacho inotaura kuti imwe nguva shure kwaizvozvo akazodzokera kuJerusarema kunogadzirisa nyaya yacho naTobhia muAmoni achibvumidzwa kuve neimba hombe yekudyira mutembere naEliashibhi Mupristi Mukuru.

Isu, saka, isu tine zera raNehemia maererano nedudziro yeyakajairika yekuverenga nguva kweBhaibheri sa 114 + 12 +? = Makore 126+.

Izvi zvakatonyanya kusanzwisisika.

4.      Nei kupatsanura “Mavhiki makumi matatu nenomwe” mu "Mavhiki manomwe zvakare vhiki makumi matanhatu neshanu", Chero Chii Chinokosha?

 Pasi pechinyakare nzwisiso yechinyakare yekutanga kwemanomwe manomwe ari mune makumi maviri^th Year of Artaxerxes (I), naNehemia kutumira kuvakazve kumadziro eJerusarema sekutanga kwemakumi manomwe nenomwe (kana mavhiki) enguva yemakore, izvi zvinoisa kuguma kwekutanga kwemanomwe manomwe kana makumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe emakore kunge ari mugore re70. Artashasta II wetsika dzetsika dzenyika.

Hapana chegore rino kana chero chinhu chiri pedyo nacho chakanyorwa mumagwaro kana nhoroondo yenyika, izvo zvinoshamisa. Uye hapana chero chinhu chakakosha chinowanikwa munhoroondo yenyika panguva ino. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira muverengi anobvunza kushamisika kuti sei Danieri akafuridzirwa kupatsanura kupatsanurana kwenguva kuva manomwe nomwe uye makumi manomwe nenomwe kana zvisina kukosha kunopera kwechinomwe.

Izvi zvaizonyatsoratidzawo kuti chimwe chinhu hachina kunaka mukunzwisisa kuri kuitika.

5.      Matambudziko Kunzwisisa Danieri 11: 1-2

 Vazhinji vakaturikira chikamu ichi zvichireva kuti kwaizongova nemadzimambo mashanu ePezhiya pamberi paAlexander Mukuru uye nesimba reGirisi. Tsika yechiJuda inewo kunzwisisa uku. Tsananguro mundima dzinotevera Danieri 5: 11-1 nekukasira, kureva Danieri 2: 11-3 yakanyanya kuoma kuisa kune chero munhu kunze kwaAlexander Mukuru weGirisi. Zvikuru zvekuti vatsoropodzi vanoti yaive nhoroondo yakanyorwa mushure mechiitiko kwete chiporofita.

“Zvino ini, mugore rekutanga raDhariyasi muMedhiya ndakasimuka semusimbisi uye senhare kwaari. 2 Zvino ndichataura chokwadi kwauri: “Tarira! Pachave nemadzimambo matatu achamira kuPezhiya, uye wechina achaunganidza hupfumi hwakawanda kupfuura mamwe ese. Uye kana achinge asimba muhupfumi hwake, achamutsa zvese kuti varwe neumambo hweGirisi. ”.

Mambo wePezhiya uyo anowanzozivikanwa saiye akamutsira zvinhu zvese kuzorwa neGirisi ndiXerxes, aine mamwe madzimambo mushure mekuonekwa kwaKoreshi saCambyses, Bardiya / Smerdis, Dhariusi, naXerxes ari iye^th mambo. Neimwe nzira, kusanganisira Koreshi uye kusasvitsa iyo isingasviki iyo yekutonga kwegore-reBardiya / Smerdis.

Zvisinei, nepo ndima iyi ichigona kunge ichizivisa mamwe maPezhiya emadzimambo uye isingavamanikidzi kune mana, chokwadi chekuti ndima idzi dzinoteverwa neuporofita pamusoro paAlexander Mukuru dzinogona kunge dzichiratidza kuti kurwiswa naMambo wePezhiya kurwisa Girisi kwakamutsidzira mhinduro na Alexander Mukuru. Muchokwadi, kurwiswa kwavakaitwa naXerxes kana kuyeuka nezvako zvechokwadi kwaive kuri kweumwe wemauto ekutangisa kwaAlexander kurwisa vaPersia kuti vatsive

Pane rimwe dambudziko ringavepo rekuti Mambo wePezhiya uyo akapfuma nekuda kwekumanikidza mutero wepagore / mutero aive Dariusi uye ndiye akatanga kurwisa kweGreek kutanga. Xerxes akangobatsirwa neupfumi hwakagarwa nhaka uye akaedza kupedzisa kuedza kukunda Girisi.

Dudziro diki yerugwaro iyi haishande mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu.

Yepfupi Kupfupikisa kwezvakawanikwa

Pane nyaya dzakakomba dzekuzivisa Ahashivheroshi saXerxes, naArtashasita I saArtashasita mune dzakazotevera zvikamu zvaEzra nebhuku raNehemia izvo zvinowanzoitwa nevadzidzi vepasi uye nemitumbi yechitendero. Kuzivikanwa uku kunotungamira kumatambudziko nezera raModhekai uye nekudaro Esiteri, uye zvakare nezera raEzra naNehemia. Izvo zvakare zvinoita kuti chikamu chekutanga chechinomwe chiwedzere kureva.

Vazhinji vanogunun'una veBhaibheri vanobva vangonongedza idzi nyaya vosvetukira kumagumo kuti Bhaibheri harigone kuvimbwa naro. Nekudaro, mune zvakaitika kumunyori, agara achiona kuti Bhaibheri rinogona kuvimbwa naro. Iyo nhoroondo yenyika kana kududzirwa kwenyanzvi nezvazvo izvo zvisingagone kuvimbwa nako nguva dzose. Zvakare zvakare ruzivo rwemunyori kuti zvakanyanya kuomesesa mhinduro yakakurudzirwa hazvibviri kuti ive yakarurama.

Chinangwa ndechokuda kuona zvese nyaya uye nekutsvaga chronical solution iyo ichapa mhinduro dzinogutsa kune idzi nyaya nguva uchibvumirana nerevo yeBhaibheri.

Kuenderera mberi mu Chikamu 2….

 

 

[I] Exegesis [<ChiGiriki exègeisthai (kududzira) anotsanangu- (kunze) + hègeisthai (kutungamira). Inoenderana neChirungu 'tsvaga'.] Kududzira chinyorwa nenzira ye kunyatsoongorora kwezviri mukati mayo.

[Ii] Eisegesis [<ChiGiriki eis (in) + hègeisthai (kutungamira). (Ona 'exegesis'.)] Maitiro apo munhu anotungamira mukufunda nekuverenga iwo mavara zvichienderana nepfungwa dzakafungidzirwa nezvazvinoreva.

[Iii] Kune avo vanofarira ongororo yekukurumidza yeakawanda maratidziro kunze uko uye kuti vakasiyana sei iwo mapepa anotevera anogona kunge ari ekufarira. https://www.academia.edu/506098/The_70_Weeks_of_Daniel_-_Survey_of_the_Interpretive_Views

[Iv] https://biblehub.com/hebrew/7620.htm

[V] Rondedzero yeBhaibheri haina kupa manhamba kunaMambo wePezhiya - kana chero mamwe maMambo nenyaya iyoyo. Uyezve zvinyorwa zvePezhiya hazvipo. Kuverengera ipfungwa yechazvino yekuedza kujekesa kuti ndeupi mambo weZita rimwe chete akatonga pane imwe nguva.

[vi] Pave paine kuedza kumanikidza kukwana panguva ino ye445 CE kusvika 29 CE, sekushandisa gore rega rega mazuva makumi matatu nemana (segore rouporofita) kana kufambisa zuva rekuuya nekufa kwaJesu, asi aya ari kunze chiyero cheichi chinyorwa sezvavanotora eisegesis, pane exegesis.

[vii] Gerard Gertoux: https://www.academia.edu/2421036/Dating_the_reigns_of_Xerxes_and_Artaxerxes

Rolf Furuli: https://www.academia.edu/5801090/Assyrian_Babylonian_Egyptian_and_Persian_Chronology_Volume_I_persian_Chronology_and_the_Length_of_the_Babylonian_Exile_of_the_Jews

Yehuda Ben-Dhori: https://www.academia.edu/27998818/Kinglists_Calendars_and_the_Historical_Reality_of_Darius_the_Mede_Part_II

[viii] Kunyangwe izvi zvinopokana nevamwe.

[ix] Ndokumbira kuti uone iyo chikamu che7 chikamu "Rwendo rwekuwanikwa Kupfuura Nguva".  https://beroeans.net/2019/06/12/a-journey-of-discovery-through-time-an-introduction-part-1/

[x] Exegesis ndiko kutsanangurwa kana kutsanangurwa kwerugwaro zvichibva pakunyatsoongorora, chinangwa. Izwi exegesis zvinoreva kuti "kutungamira uchibuda." Izvi zvinoreva kuti muturikiri anotungamirirwa kumhedzisiro yake nekutevera zvinyorwa.

[xi] Eisegesis kududzirwa kwendima kunoenderana nekuverenga, kusingafananidzi kuverenga. Izwi eisegesis zvinonyatso kureva kuti "kutungamira kupinda," zvinoreva kuti muturikiri anoisa pfungwa dzake muzvinyorwa, zvichiita kuti zvireve chero chaanenge achida.

[xii] Ona Nehemia 3: 4,30 “Meshurami mwanakomana waBherekia” naNehemia 3: 6 “Meshurami mwanakomana waBhesodeya”, Nehemia 12:13 "Kuna Ezra, Meshurami", Nehemia 12:16 "Ginnethon, Meshullam" semuenzaniso. Nehemia 9: 5 & 10: 9 yaJeshua mwanakomana waAzania (muRevhi).

[xiii] Sekureva kwaJosephus kusvika kwaNehemia kuJerusarema nekuropafadzwa kwaMambo kwakaitika mukati me25^th gore raXerxes. Munoona http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Antiquities yevaJudha, Bhuku XI, Chitsauko 5 v 6,7