IQumrhu Elilawulayo, ngokwamkelwa, “lelona gunya liphezulu lezenkolo lenkolelo yamaNgqina kaYehova” kwihlabathi liphela. (Jonga inqaku 7 ye Isibhengezo seGerrit Losch.[i]) Nangona kunjalo, akukho siseko eZibhalweni sokuba igunya elilawulayo elenziwe ngabantu lithathe indawo kaYesu Kristu njengalowo walathisa ibandla ehlabathini lonke. Owayesakuba ngumongameli uFred Franz wayiphikisa le ngongoma, nangona yayixakile Incoko yokuthweswa isidanga kwi59th iklasi yaseGiliyadi. Isicatshulwa nje esiseZibhalweni iQumrhu Elilawulayo esakha sasixhasa ukuxhasa amandla alo ngumzekeliso kuMateyu 24: 45-47 apho uYesu athetha khona, kodwa engachazanga, ikhoboka elanikwa uxanduva lokondla abendlu yakhe.
Ngaphambili, amaNgqina ayefundiswe ukuba onke amaKristu athanjisiweyo — igcuntswana lamaNgqina kaYehova — abumba udidi lwekhoboka elithembekileyo, neQumrhu Elilawulayo njengelawo ide facto ilizwi. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-15 kaJulayi, i-2013 yokukhutshwa kwayo IMboniselo, IQumrhu Elilawulayo lamkela ukuguqulelwa ngokutsha okunesibindi nokuphikisayo kukaMateyu 24: I-45-47 inikezela ngokwasemthethweni ikhoboka elithembekileyo elamiselwa nguYesu ukondla umhlambi wakhe. (Malunga nengxoxo epheleleyo yale toliki jonga: Ngubani Ngokwenene Olikhoboka Elithembekileyo neliyingqondi? Ulwazi oluninzi luyafumaneka phantsi kodidi Ikhoboka elithembekileyo.)
Kuya kubonakala ngathi iQumrhu Elilawulayo liyayiva ingcinezelo yokuchaza isikhundla sayo segunya. Umzalwana uDavid Splane uvule incwadi yakhe mvanje Incoko yokuNqula kwasekuseni ngale meko:

“Udade ofundileyo uza kuwe emva kwentlanganiso ngeCawa athi,“ Ngoku ndiyazi ukuba bekusoloko kukho abathanjiswa emhlabeni kule minyaka i-1900, kodwa kutshanje besisithi akukabikho khoboka lithembekileyo neliyingqondi ukutya kokomoya ngexesha elifanelekileyo kule minyaka yokugqibela ye-1900. Ngoku, ucinga ntoni emva koko? Kutheni sitshintshe indlela esijonga ngayo? ”

Emva koko uyanqumama, ajonge abaphulaphuli aze akhuphe umngeni: “Kulungile, silindile. Uza kuphendula uthini? ”
Ngaba ucebisa ukuba impendulo ibonakale? Akunakulindeleka. Mhlawumbi, ngenxa yokuncuma okukhohlakeleyo okuhambisana nomceli mngeni wakhe omnene, uyazi ukuba akukho mntu kubaphulaphuli onokusikhusela ngokufanelekileyo isikhundla sakhe. Ukuze enze oko, emva koko udwelisa izinto ezine ukuzama ukubonisa ukuba kutheni amazwi kaYesu athetha ngomkhonzi othembekileyo awayeya kondla umhlambi engenakuzaliseka de kube ngama-20th ngenkulungwane.

  1. Kwakungekho mthombo wokutya kokomoya.
  2. Isimo sengqondo esibi sabaguqululi beBhayibhile.
  3. Ukwahlula okwabakho phakathi kwabahlaziyi.
  4. Ukusilela kwenkxaso phakathi kwabahlaziyi bomsebenzi wokushumayela.

Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ezi ayizizo izizathu ezingokweZibhalo zokuphikisa iminyaka eli-1900 yobukhoboka obuthembekileyo obondla abendlu. Ngapha koko, ucaphula akukho nasinye isibhalo kuyo yonke le ntetho. Ke kufuneka sixhomekeke kwingcinga yakhe ukuze asenze sikholelwe. Masikhe sijonge, andithi?

1. “Umthombo wokutya kokomoya”

UMzalwan 'uSplane uyabuza: “Uyintoni umthombo wokutya kokomoya?” Waphendula wathi: “YiBhayibhile.”
Uqhubeka athi ngaphambi kuka-1455, kwakungekho zinguqulelo ziprintiweyo zeBhayibhile. Akukho Bhayibhile, akukho kutya. Akukho kutya, akukho kwanto ukuba makondle abendlu ngayo, yiyo loo nto kungabikho khoboka. Kuyinyani ukuba phambi komatshini wokushicilela bekungekho zinguqulelo “ziprintiweyo”, kodwa bekukho iinguqulelo ezininzi “ezipapashiweyo” Ngapha koko, oku kukutyhilwe lupapasho ngokwazo.

“NamaKristu okuqala anenzondelelo azimisele ukuvelisa iikopi ezininzi zebhayibhile njengoko wayenako, ikopi nganye ngesandla. Baye basebenza ubuchwephesha bokusetyenziswa kwecodex, enamaphepha afana nencwadi yanamhla, endaweni yokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa imiqolo. (W97 8 / 15 p. 9- Yenzeka njani iBhayibhile kuthi)

Ukusasazeka kweenkolelo zobuKristu kwakhokelela kwimfuneko yokuba kuguqulwe iZibhalo ZamaKristu ZesiGrike kunye neZibhalo zesiHebhere. Iinguqulelo ezininzi kwiilwimi ezinjengeArmenian, Coptic, Georgia and Syriac ekugqibeleni zenziwa. Ngokufuthi i-alphabets kwakufuneka ziyilelwe loo njongo. Umzekelo, u-Ulfilas, ubhishophu wenkulungwane yesine weCawa yaseRoma, kuthiwa waqulunqa umbhalo-mbhalo ka-Gothic ukuguqulela iBhayibhile. (W97 8 / 15 p. 10- Yenzeka njani iBhayibhile kuthi)

Ngoku uSplane uyaphikisana nobungqina beencwadi zakhe.
Kwiinkulungwane ezine zokuqala zobuKristu, ubuncinci, bekukho iikopi ezininzi zeBhayibhile eziguqulelwe kulwimi lweenkobe lwabantu abaninzi. Yiyiphi enye indlela uSplane acinga ngayo ukuba uPetros nabapostile babenako ukuthobela umyalelo kaYesu wokondla iigusha zakhe ukuba kwakungekho kutya babezondla ngako? (Yohane 21: 15-17) Yenzeka njani enye into ukuba ibandla likhule ukusuka kwi-120 ngePentekoste ukuya kwizigidi zabalandeli ezazikho ngexesha lokuguquka koMlawuli waseRoma uConstantine? Kukuphi ukutya abakutyayo ukuba umthombo wokutya kokomoya, iBhayibhile, wawungekho kubo? Ukuqiqa kwakhe kuhlekisa kwaphela!
UMzalwan 'uSplane uyavuma ukuba izinto zitshintshile phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1400s. Yayibuchwephesha, ukuveliswa komatshini wokushicilela, owaphula ingqokelela yokubamba icawe ekusasazeni iBhayibhile ngexesha lobumnyama. Nangona kunjalo, akazukungena nakwezinye iinkcukacha njengoko oku kungayijongela phantsi ingxoxo yakhe yokuba ukungabikho komthombo wokutya, ibhayibhile, kwakuthetha ukuba akukho khoboka kwiminyaka eyi-1900. Umzekelo, akaphumeleli ukukhankanya ukuba incwadi yokuqala eyakhe yashicilelwa kumatshini wokushicilela kaGutenberg yiBhayibhile. Ngama-1500s yenziwa yafumaneka ngesiNgesi. Namhlanje, iinqanawa zijikeleza elunxwemeni ukunqanda iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni. Kwii-1500s, unxweme lwesiNgesi lwalugcinwa ngenjongo yokuphelisa ukurhweba ngokungekho mthethweni kweeBhayibhile zesiNgesi zikaTyndale ukuba zingene kweli lizwe.
Kwi-1611, iKing James Bible yaqala ukutshintsha umhlaba. Ababhali-mbali bathi wonke umntu wayefunda iBhayibhile. Iimfundiso zayo zazichaphazela lonke icandelo lobomi. Kwincwadi yakhe, Incwadi yeencwadi: Impembelelo yeRadical yeKing James Bible, i-1611-2011, UMelvyn Bragg ubhala:

"Onjani umahluko owenziwe 'kubantu abaqhelekileyo', ukuba, njengoko bekwenzayo, ukuphikisana nababusi abafundileyo beOxford kwaye kuye kuthiwe kubhetele kubo!"

Oku akuvakali njengokunqongophala kokutya, akunjalo? Kodwa linda, kuya kufuneka siqwalasele ishumi elinesibhozo neshumi elinesithoba leminyaka. Izigidi zeebhayibhile zaprintwa zaza zasasazwa kwihlabathi lonke phantse kulo lonke ulwimi. Yonke le ntabalala yokutya kokomoya kwenzeka ngaphambi kwe1919, xa iQumrhu Elilawulayo lathi abo babandulelayo babekwa njengekhoboka elithembekileyo likaKristu.

2. “Isimo Sengqondo Sabanye Abanokufikelela EBhayibhileni Sasingasoloko Sisemagqabini”

Kuba iBhayibhile yafumaneka ngokulula ngexesha loHlaziyo lwamaProtestanti, uSplane wazisa into entsha yokuphikisana nobukho bekhoboka elithembekileyo. Ucacisa ukuba wawukho umahluko omncinci kakhulu phakathi kwabahlaziyi bamaProtestanti nabafundisi bama Katolika.

Uninzi lwabahlaziyi bobuProtestanti bathathe ibhayibhile eBhayiweni, bazigatya ezinye.

Yima umzuzu nje! Ngaba akunakwenzeka okufanayo nakumaProtestanti anamhlanje? Kwenzeka njani ukuba kwimozulu efanayo, uSplane ngoku athi ikhoboka elithembekileyo likho? Ukuba ngamaNgqina kaYehova asixhenxe anokubumba eli khoboka ngoku, akunakuba ngamadoda athanjisiweyo asixhenxe ebengamele eli khoboka ngexesha loHlaziyo? Ngaba uMzalwan 'uSplane ulindele ukuba sikholelwe ekubeni nangona-ngokwamkelwa kwakhe-bekusoloko kuthanjisiwe emhlabeni kule minyaka ingama-1900 idlulileyo, uYesu wayengenakufumana amadoda asixhenxe afanelekileyo ukuba abe likhoboka lakhe elithembekileyo? (Oku kusekwe kwingcinga yeQumrhu Elilawulayo yokuba ikhoboka ligunya elilawulayo.) Ngaba akasenzi sizimisele ngakumbi?
Kusekho okuninzi.

3. “ICandelo Elikhulu phakathi kwabahlaziyi”

Uthetha ngokutshutshiswa kwama-Anabaptist athembekileyo. Uchaza uAnne Boleyn, umfazi wesibini kaHenry VIII, owabulawa ngokuyinxalenye kuba wayengumfundisi weemfihlo kwaye wayexhasa ukuprintwa kweBhayibhile. Ke umahluko phakathi kwabaguquli sisizathu sokuba bangathathelwa ingqalelo njengekhoboka elithembekileyo neliyingqondi. Ilunge kakhulu. Singabeka ityala ukuba likhoboka elingendawo. Imbali ibonisa ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo bayidlalile. Owu, kodwa kukho irabha. Ukuchazwa kwe-2013 yethu ikhuphe kwakhona ikhoboka elibi kwisimo sentetho yesilumkiso.
Okwangoku, uthini ngawo onke amaKristu abatshutshisi ababi abatshutshisayo, babangcungcuthekisa, babulala ngenxa yokholo lwabo kunye nenzondelelo yokusasaza ilizwi likaThixo-ngokushicilela iBhayibhile, njengo-Anne Boleyn? Ngaba ezi zinto mazingathathelwa ngqalelo ngumzalwana uSplane njengabagqatswa abafanelekileyo? Ukuba akukhange kubenjalo, ke yeyiphi inqobo yokwenyani yokuqeshwa kwamakhoboka?

4. “Isimo Sengqondo Ngomsebenzi Wokushumayela”

UMzalwan 'uSplane uphawula ukuba abaguquli bamaProtestanti babengengomsebenzi wokushumayela. Ubonisa ukuba yayiyintoni inkolo yamaKatolika enoxanduva lokusabalalisa ilizwi likaThixo kwihlabathi liphela. Kodwa abahlaziyi babekholelwa ekumiselweni kusengaphambili kwaye ke babengenenzondelelo ekushumayeleni.
Ukuqiqa kwakhe kukhetheke kwaye kukhethwe ngokukodwa. Unqwenela ukuba sikholelwe ukuba bonke abaguquli bakholelwa ekumiselweni kwangaphambili kwaye bathintela umsebenzi wokushumayela kunye nokusasazwa kweBhayibhile kwaye babatshutshisa abanye. AmaBhaptizi, amaWesile, amaSabatha ngamaqela amathathu athe enza umsebenzi wobufundisi kwihlabathi liphela kwaye akhule ngamanani awadlula awethu. Onke la maqela andulela amaNgqina kaYehova. La maqela, kunye namanye amaninzi, bebekhuthele ekufumaneni iBhayibhile kubantu basekuhlaleni ngolwimi lwabo. Nanamhlanje, la maqela anabavangeli basemazweni kumazwe amaninzi njengamaNgqina kaYehova. Ingabonakala ngathi kule minyaka ingamakhulu mabini okanye mathathu idlulileyo bekukho iimvaba zobuKrestu ezininzi eziye zahlangabezana neemfuno zikaSplane njengekhoboka elithembekileyo.
Alithandabuzeki elokuba xa athe waziswa ngale nkcaso, umzalwana uSplane uya kuwenza angafaneleki la maqela ngenxa yokuba engafundisi inyaniso epheleleyo ngeBhayibhile. Zinezinto ezithile ezichanekileyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezingalunganga. AmaNgqina kaYehova ahlala epeyinta ngebrashi, kodwa asilele ukuyazi ukuba iyawagubungela ngokunjalo. Ngapha koko, yayinguDavid Splane ngokwakhe owangqina oko.
Ku-Okthobha ophelileyo, ngokungazi, usike izikhonkwane kuzo zonke iimfundiso ezahlukileyo kumaNgqina kaYehova. Kwintetho yakhe kwiindibano zonyaka zabathunywa malunga neentlobo kunye nemfuziselo yemvelaphi yomntu, wathi ukusetyenziswa kwezi ntlobo kuya kuthi “kungaphaya koko kubhaliweyo.” Inkolelo yethu yokuba ezinye izimvu ziyiqela lesibini lamaKristu isekwe Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo / okulinganiselweyo okungekho siSibhalo. (Bona "Ukuqhubeka ngaphaya koko Kubhaliweyo.") Ukukholelwa kwethu kwi-1914 njengokuqala kobukho buka-Kristu kusekwe ekusetyenzisweni komzekeliso wamaxesha asixhenxe wokuhlanya kukaNebhukadenetsare ongafumaneki nasibhalo. Owu, nantsi umkhabi: inkolelo yethu yokuba i-1919 iphawula inqaku awalibeka kulo uYesu ikhoboka elithembekileyo neliyingqondi kusekwe kwizicelo ezinjengokuhlolwa kwetempile kunye nomthunywa womnqophiso ongasasebenziyo ngokweZibhalo ngaphaya kwenkulungwane yokuqala. inzaliseko. Ukuzifaka kwi-1919 kukuzibandakanya ekusebenziseni okungasekelwanga Zibhalweni izityholo ezagxekwa nguSplane ngokwakhe kunyaka ophelileyo.

Imfundiso eseMbandezelweni

IQumrhu Elilawulayo lisebenzisa inqanaba lokulawula umhlambi walo onqabileyo kwezi ntsuku kwiinkolo zobuKristu. Ukugcina olo lawulo, luyimfuneko kwinqanaba kunye nefayile ukukholelwa ukuba la madoda amiselwe nguKristu ngokwakhe. Ukuba ukuqeshwa akuqalanga kwi-1919, bashiywe bechaza ukuba ngubani na olikhoboka elithembekileyo owayephambi kwalapho kwaye babuye nembali. Oko kuya kuba kukukhohlisa kwaye kuya kubajongela phantsi ngokunzulu igunya labo elisandula ukwenziwa.
Kwabaninzi, ukuqiqa okuphezulu okusetyenziswa nguSplane ukwenza imeko yakhe kubonakale njengokuthuthuzela. Nangona kunjalo, kuye nakubani na onesimodyuli yolwazi ngokubhekisele kwimbali yobuKrestu kunye nothando lwenyani, amazwi akhe ayaphazamisa, kwaye uyacekisa. Asinakunceda kodwa sizive sithukisiwe xa kunjalo Impikiswano engathandekiyo isetyenziswa kumzamo wokusikhohlisa. Njengonongogo igama elisuka kulo, impikiswano inxibe ngenjongo yokulukuhla, kodwa xa ujonge ngaphaya kwengubo evuselelayo, umntu ubona isidalwa esizele sisifo; into eza kucekiswa.
___________________________________________
[i] Esi sibhengezo siyinxalenye yokungeniswa kwenkundla kwityala lokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana apho uGerrit Losch akwala ukuthobela isamani esiya enkundleni ngenxa yeQumrhu Elilawulayo nalapho iBhunga Elilawulayo liyekile ukunikezela inkundla eyalela amaxwebhu Ukufumanisa. Ngale nto, yabanjwa ngokudelela inkundla kwaye yahlawuliswa ishumi lezigidi zeedola. (Kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba oku kubonakala ngathi kukwaphula umthetho weZibhalo wokuzithoba kwabasemagunyeni bakarhulumente ukuba ukwenza njalo akuphikisi umthetho kaThixo. - Roma 13: 1-4)

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