Tabbacin kasancewar Allah a cikin Halittunda Kewayenmu

                        Tabbatar da gaskiyar Halitta

Farawa 1: 1 - “A cikin farko Allah ya halicci sammai da ƙasa”

Darasi na 2 - Tsarin Halitta

Sashe na 1 - Ka'idar Zane na Zane

 Shin tabbataccen tabbaci zai zama jagorar ku ga kasancewar Allah?

A wannan labarin, zamu sake nazarin dalilan da suka ba da ƙarfi ga ƙarshen magana cewa kasancewar tabbataccen tabbataccen abu ga tsarin rikitarwa yana tabbatar da wanzuwar Allah. Don haka, da fatan za a ɗan yi ɗan taƙaitaccen nazarin wani fannin da za mu iya ɗauka cikin sauƙi amma ya ƙunshi tabbaci cewa dole ne Allah ya kasance. Bangaren da za a tattauna a wannan yanayin shi ne kasancewar dabaru daga ƙirar da za a samu ko'ina a cikin Halittu.

Musamman yankin da zamu bincika a wannan labarin za a iya bayyana mafi kyau azaman "Tsarin Triangulation".

Dokar Farawa ko Ka'ida

Ga kowane tsari, muna da farawa da kuma ƙarshen aiki. Hakanan zamu iya cire abin da ya ɓace na ɗayan waɗannan ukun, in mun san ɗaya daga cikinsu.

Wurin farawa A, yana aiwatar da tsari na B akan shi, yana ba da sakamakon ƙarshe C.

Dokar ko Ka'idar ita ce: A + B => C.

Ba za a iya tambayar ma'anar wannan yaduwar yayin da muke amfani da wannan ka'ida a rayuwarmu kullun don yanke hukunci ba, yawanci ba tare da tunanin shi ba.

Misali: dafa abinci.

Muna iya ɗaukar dankalin turawa ko hatsi na shinkafa. Muna ƙara ruwa da gishiri. To, za mu sanya zafi a ciki na wani dan lokaci, da farko tafasar sannan mu yi simintin. Sakamakon shi ne cewa muna ƙare da dafaffen dankali da dafaffen shinkafa da dafaffen shinkafa! Mun sani nan take cewa idan muka ga dankalin turawa da dankalin turawa a dafa tare muke cewa wani ya yi amfani da tsari don canza dankalin turawa ya zama abin ci, koda kuwa bamu san yadda aka yi ba.

Me yasa muke kira shi Tsarin Tsarin Tsagewa?

Ga masu sha'awar ganin yadda wannan ra'ayi Yana aiki akan matakin lissafi, zaku iya gwada wannan hanyar haɗin https://www.calculator.net/right-triangle-calculator.html. A cikin wannan kusurwar kusurwa ta dama, koyaushe zaka iya fitar da alpha da beta kusurwa saboda sun haɗu har zuwa 90-digiri dama na dama. Bugu da kari, yayin da ba kara lokaci ba, kamar yadda bangarorin biyu suke yi, idan kuna da tsawon kowane bangarorin biyu zaku iya fitar da tsawon gefen na uku.

Saboda haka, idan kun san kowane biyu daga cikin ukun,

• ko A da B a wanne hali zaka iya gano C a matsayin A + B => C
• ko A da C wanda a halin zaka iya yin aiki B kamar C - A => B
• ko B da C a wanne hali zaku iya yin aikin A kamar C - B => A

Idan kuna da tsari mai rikitarwa wanda ba a san shi ba (B) wanda ke ɗaukar wani abu daga wani wuri (A) zuwa wani wuri wanda yake musanya shi a lokacin (C) lallai ne ya kasance yana da kayan aikin keɓaɓɓiyar kayan aiki.

Sauran Misalai Na gama gari

tsuntsaye

A mataki mai sauki, wata kila ka ga wasu 'yan Blackbirds ko Parrots suna yawo a cikin akwatin gida a lokacin bazara (inda ka fara A). Bayan 'yan makonni kaɗan sai ka ga an ce biran ƙaramar fyaɗe 4 ko 5 ko Parrots suna fitowa daga akwatin (ƙarshen ƙarshen C). Don haka ya kamata ka yanke hukuncin cewa wani tsari (B) ya faru don haifar da hakan. Hakan kawai bai faru ba kwatsam!

Wataƙila ba ku san abin da ainihin tsari yake ba, amma kun san akwai tsari.

(Tsarin a matakin mai sauki shine: iyayen tsuntsaye mata, ƙwai suka kafa da shimfiɗa, tsuntsayen yaran sun girma kuma ƙyanƙyashe, iyaye suna ciyar da ƙyanƙyashe har sai sun girma zuwa cikakkiyar tsuntsayen ƙananan tsuntsaye waɗanda zasu iya tashi daga gida.)

Butterfly

Hakanan, zaku iya ganin malam buɗe ido malam buɗe ido ya sanya kwai a kan kowane shuka, (wurin farawa A). Bayan haka wasu makonni ko watanni bayan haka, za ku ga iri ɗaya ga kamus ɗin nishaɗarwa yana tashi da wuri (ƙarshen ƙarshen C). Don haka kun tabbatar akwai wani aiki (B), a zahiri mai ban mamaki ne, wanda ya canza kwai malam buɗe ido ya zama malam buɗe ido. Haka kuma, a farko, wataƙila ba ku san yadda ainihin tsarin yake ba, amma kun san akwai tsari.

Yanzu a wannan misalin na marubucin malam buɗe ido mun san akwai farawa A: ƙwai

Ana aiwatar da tsari B₁ ya juya ya zama zakara. Tsarin igiyar ruwa ya fara aiki B₂ don canzawa zuwa pupa. A ƙarshe, ɗan itacen ya canza ta hanyar B₃ cikin kyawawan malam buɗe ido C.

Aiwatar da manufa

Bari mu danyi dan takaitaccen misalin misali daya game da amfani da wannan ka’idar.

Juyin halitta yana koyar da cewa aiki ya taso ne kwatsam, kuma hargitsi ko 'sa'a' hanya ce ta canji. Misali, cinikin kifayen ya zama hannun ko kafa a sakamakon canji na bazuwar.

Akasari yarda da akwai Mahalicci yana nufin duk wani canji da muka lura an tsara shi ne ta hanyar tunani (na mahaliccin). Sakamakon haka, koda ba za mu iya lura da aikin canji ba, kawai wurin farawa, da ƙarshen al'amari, za mu ƙarasa da ma'ana cewa wannan aikin yana iya wanzu. Ka'idar dalili da tasiri.

Yarda da cewa akwai Mahalicci sannan yana nufin cewa lokacin da mutum ya gano wani hadadden tsarin aiki tare da ayyuka na musamman, to mutum ya yarda lallai ne ya zama akwai dabarar hankali don kasancewar ta. Wanda kuma ya kammala da cewa akwai wasu bangarorin da suka dace da shi domin yin aiki ta wannan fannin na musamman. Wannan koyaushe zai zama haka lamarin, koda ba za ku iya ganin waɗancan ɓangarorin ba ko fahimtar yadda hakan zai sa ya yi aiki.

Me yasa zamu iya cewa?

Shin ba saboda wannan ba ne ta hanyar duk irin kwarewar da muka samu a rayuwarmu, mun fahimci cewa duk wani abu da yake da wata sananniyar aiki yana bukatar asalin tunani, kirkirar tsari mai kyau sannan kuma samar da shi, don yin aiki da zama mai amfani. Don haka muna da kyakkyawan tsammanin cewa idan muka ga irin waɗannan ayyuka, cewa yana da ƙwararrun sassan da aka taru a takamaiman hanya don samar da takamaiman sakamakon.

Wani misali da muka saba da yawancin mu na iya mallaka shine wani abu kamar m TV. Wataƙila bamu san yadda yake aiki ba, amma mun sani cewa lokacin da muka danna maɓallin takamaiman abin da wani abu ya faru, kamar canjin tashar TV, ko matakin sauti kuma koyaushe yana faruwa, muddin muna da batir a ciki! A saukake, sakamakon ba sakamakon sihiri bane ko dama ko hargitsi.

Don haka, a cikin ilimin Halittar mutum, ta yaya za'a iya amfani da wannan madaidaicin mulkin?

Misali: jan karfe

Mafitarmu A = Kyautaccen jan ƙarfe yana da guba sosai ga sel.

Endarshen ƙarshenmu C = Dukkanin ƙwayoyin numfashi na iska (waɗanda suka haɗa da mutane) dole ne su sami Tagulla.

Tambayarmu saboda haka, ta yaya zamu sami jan ƙarfe da muke buƙata ba tare da kashe shi da gubarsa ba? Tunanin da hankali za mu iya ganin masu zuwa:

1. Duk muna da buƙatar ɗaukar jan ƙarfe in ba haka ba za mu mutu.
2. Kamar yadda jan ƙarfe yake da guba ga ƙwayoyinmu, yana buƙatar kasancewa cikin keɓe kai tsaye.
3. Bugu da ƙari, wannan jan ƙarfe na buƙatar tura shi cikin gida zuwa inda ake buƙata.
4. Lokacin isowa inda ake buƙatar farin ƙarfe, ana buƙatar sakewa don yin aikin da yake buƙata.

A takaice, mu dole ne tsarin salula don ɗaurewa (hana shi), jigilar abubuwa da cire farin ƙarfe a inda ake buƙata. Wannan shine tsarinmu na B.

Hakanan muna buƙatar tuna cewa babu 'sihiri' don yin aikin. Shin kuna son barin irin wannan mahimman tsari don hargitsi da bazuwar dama? Idan kuwa kayi, to tabbas za ka mutu da guba yayin da kwalalin ƙarfe guda ta isa wurin da ake buƙata.

To shin wannan tsari B ya wanzu?

Haka ne, a ƙarshe an lura dashi kawai a cikin kwanan nan a cikin 1997. (Da fatan za a duba zane mai zuwa)

Diagram ya yarda kamar daga Valentine da Gralla, Kimiyya 278 (1997) p817[i]

Wannan kayan aiki yana aiki kamar haka ga waɗanda suke da sha'awar daki-daki:

RA Pufahl et al., "Aikin Ial Chaperone na ƙarfe na Soliable Cu (I) Receptor Atx1," Kimiyya 278 (1997): 853-856.

Cu (I) = Ion jan karfe. Cu shine sunan ɗan gajeren lokaci da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin tsararrun kemikal kamar CuSO₄ (Sarkar jan karfe)

RNA zuwa Kariya - tRNA Canja wurin RNA [ii]

 A cikin shekarun 1950 Francis Crick ya wallafa wata takarda da ke ba da labari (wanda aka yarda da shi yanzu) ya kasance ninki biyu na kwayar halittar DNA wanda ya lashe kyautar No1962 a XNUMX tare da James Watson.

Tunanin manzo RNA ya samo asali ne a ƙarshen shekarun 1950, kuma yana da alaƙa da Kirki'S bayanin kansa “Babban Dogma na Kwayoyin Halitta"[iii] wanda ya tabbatar da cewa DNA ce ta haifar da samuwar RNA, wanda hakan yasa ya haifar da tsarin sunadaran.

Ba a gano hanyar da wannan ya faru ba har zuwa tsakiyar 1960 amma Crick ya tabbatar da shi sosai saboda gaskiyar ƙirar Triangulation.

Wannan shi ne abin da aka sani a cikin shekarun 1950:

A cikin wannan hoton, akan hagun akwai DNA wanda yake sanya amino acid din a dama wanda sune ginshikin ginin sunadarai. Crick bai iya samun wani tsari ko tsari akan DNA wanda zai iya bambance nau'ikan amino acid don samar da su cikin sunadarai ba.

Crick sani:

• A - DNA yana ɗaukar bayanai, amma ba a cikin takaddara ba ne, kuma ya sani
• C - cewa amino acid suna da takamaiman geometries,
• Cewa wannan tsarin hadadden tsarin aiwatar da ayyuka na musamman ne, saboda haka,
• B - Dole ne a sami aiki ko ayyuka mai sulhu ko kwayoyin adaftan da suke kasancewa waɗanda ke ba da damar tantance bayanai don wucewa daga DNA zuwa amino acid.

Duk da haka, bai sami ainihin tabbataccen aikin aiwatar da B amma an cire shi dole ne ya kasance saboda ka'idodin Tsarin Triangulation don haka ya nemi hakan.

Wani abun wasa mai kayatarwa ne ga tsarin DNA kawai ya nuna wani takamaiman tsarin abubuwan haɗin hydrogen da kuma wani abu kaɗan, yayin da ake buƙatar kasancewa “Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da ruwa (ƙin ruwa]) don bambance valine daga leucine da isoleucine”. Bugu da ƙari, ya yi tambaya "Ina kungiyoyin da ake tuhuma, a takamaiman matsayi, don tafiya tare da acid ɗin acid da na amino acid?".

Ga duk wadanda ba sunadarai a cikinmu ba, bari mu fassara wannan bayanin zuwa wani abu mai sauki.

Yi tunanin kowane ɗayan amino acid a hannun dama yayin da ginin gini na Lego suka taru ta hanyoyi daban-daban don ƙirƙirar waɗannan sifofin. Kowane bututun amino acid yana da wuraren haɗin don wasu sinadarai don haɗa kansu, amma a kan wurare daban-daban a cikin haɗuwa daban-daban. Me yasa bukatar haɗi ko maki mai haɗawa? Don ba da izinin wasu ƙwayoyin sunadarai don haɗa kansu da kuma amsa sunadarai tsakanin kansu da amino acid don su iya yin sarƙoƙi na shinge da saboda haka sunadarai.

Crick yaci gaba da bayanin irin aikin da adaftan yayi dole yayi. Ya ce “… Kowane amino acid zai hade da ilmin kimiya, a enzyme na musamman, tare da karamin kwayoyi wanda, yana da takamaiman matakin hydrogen,[yin hulɗa tare da DNA da RNA] zai hade musamman tare da samfurin acid na nucleic… A cikin mafi saukin tsarin zai kasance akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin ada 20 daban…".

Koyaya, a wancan lokacin ba a iya ganin waɗannan ƙananan adaftan ba.

Me aka samu daga baya bayan wasu shekaru?

Canja wurin RNA tare da ainihin abubuwan fasalin da Crick ya bayyana.

A kasan akwai matattakalar RNA, a cikin da'irar ja da'ira, tare da yankin amino acid wanda yake a saman dama daga zane. Lambar a cikin RNA a wannan yanayin CCG yana nufin musamman amino acid Alanine.

Ko da yanzu ba a fahimci cikakken kayan aikin ba, amma ana kara koyan koya kowace shekara.

Abin sha'awa, har zuwa lokacin da aka gano wannan tsari kuma an tsara shi, James Watson, marubucin wannan tsarin DNA mai suna Hydx biyu tare da Francis Crick, baya son ra'ayin adaftan na Francis Crick (wanda ya kirkiri hasashe a sakamakon sakamakon binciken sa. manufa). A cikin tarihin rayuwar James Watson (2002, p139) ya faɗi dalilin da ya sa ya yi shakkar mahaɗin ada ada: “Ba na son ra'ayin gaba ɗaya…. Fiye da batun, tsarin adaftar ya zama kamar mawuyacin halin da na samu tun asalin rayuwa ”. A cikin wancan gaskiya ne! Yana da. Matsalar ita ce Juyin Darwiniyanci wanda James Watson ya yi imani da bukatar gina yanayin rikodin halitta na tsawon lokaci. Anan akwai wani tsari wanda dole ne ya kasance tun daga farkon rayuwa har abada ya kasance.

Ra'ayinsa shi ne cewa:

• DNA (da RNA) azaman masu ɗaukar bayanai (waɗanda suke cakuda kansu)
• Kuma sunadarai (amino acid) a matsayin abubuwan kara kuzari (wadanda kuma suke cakuda kansu)
• Don haɗawa da Adapters don yin sulhu tsakani da canja wurin bayanin daga DNA zuwa sunadarai, (hadaddun mai girma),

ya kasance mataki mai nisa sosai.

Amma duk da haka shaidar ta nuna cewa wannan gada ta wanzu. Don haka yana samar da tabbatattun shaidu cewa mai ƙirar mai fasaha ko Allah (mahalicci) dole ne ya wanzu, wanda ba a daure tare da lokaci, yayin da ka'idar juyin halitta ke ɗaure lokaci.

Idan kodayaushe ka bar shaidar ta zama jagora, zamu iya bauta wa gaskiya, zamu iya tsayar da gaskiya kuma ka bar hikima ta shiryu. Kamar yadda Karin Magana 4: 5 ke ƙarfafawa "Sami hikima, nemi fahimi".

Bari mu kuma taimaka ma wasu suyi haka, wataƙila ta hanyar bayyana wannan ka'idar Tsarin Triangulation!

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amincewa:

Tare da godiya na godiya ga wahayin da aka bayar ta hanyar bidiyon YouTube "Tsarin Triangulation" daga cikin Manyan jigon ta Gidan Talabijin na Cornerstone

[i] An yarda da haƙƙin mallaka Amfani da Gaskiya: Wasu daga hotunan da aka yi amfani da su na iya zama kayan haƙƙin mallaka, amfanin wanda ba'a bayar da izini koyaushe daga haƙƙin mallaka ba. Muna samar da irin wannan kayan a cikin ƙoƙarinmu na haɓaka fahimtar abubuwan da suka shafi kimiyya da addini, da dai sauransu. Mun yi imanin wannan ya ƙunshi yin amfani da kowane irin haƙƙin mallakar kayan da aka mallaka kamar yadda aka bayar a sashe na 107 na Dokar Kare Hakkin Amurka Dangane da taken 17 USC Sashe na 107, kayan da ke wannan shafin an samar dasu ne ba tare da riba ga wadanda suka nuna sha'awar karba da kallon kayan don binciken kansu da dalilai na ilimi ba. Idan kana son amfani da kayan haƙƙin mallaka wanda ya wuce amfanin gaskiya, dole ne ka sami izini daga wurin haƙƙin mallaka.

[ii]  Motocin RNA da aka kera su a cikin kwayar halitta ana jigilar su zuwa wuraren aikin su a cikin kwayar eukaryotic ta takamaiman hanyoyin sufuri. Wannan bita ya danganta ne da jigilar manzon RNA, karamin makaman nukiliya RNA, ribosomal RNA, da canja wurin RNA tsakanin tsakiya da cytoplasm. Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su ta hanyar jigilar kwayoyin halittar RNA ne kawai za'a fara fahimta. Koyaya, cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, an sami babban ci gaba. Wani babban jigo da ke fitowa daga binciken da akayi na kwanannan game da sufurin RNA shine cewa takamaiman siginar sakonni shine ke kawo cikar jigilar kowane aji na RNA, kuma waɗannan sifofin an samar dasu da kariyar da ke tattare da kowace RNA. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14154301_RNA_transport

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1850961/

An cigaba da bada shawarar karatu: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_RNA_biology

[iii] Crick wani muhimmin ka'ida ne masanin kwayar halitta kuma sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a binciken da ya shafi bayyana tsarin halittar DNA. An san shi da yawa saboda amfani da kalmar “tsakiya na kare kai”Don taƙaita ra'ayin cewa da zarar an canza bayani daga nucleic acid (DNA ko RNA) zuwa sunadarai, ba zai iya komawa zuwa ga nucleic acid ba. Watau, mataki na karshe a kwararar bayanai daga kwayoyin nukiliya zuwa sunadarai bashi da makawa.