Sake Fasalin Annabta game da Almasihu 9: 24-27 da Tarihin Duniya

Abubuwan da aka gano tare da Fahimtar Zamani - ya ci gaba

Sauran Matsalolin da aka samo yayin bincike

6.      Babban firist rabo da tsawon sabis / Matsalar shekaru

Hilkiya

Hilkiya shi ne Babban Firist a zamanin Yosiya. 2 Sarakuna 22: 3-4 sun bayyana shi a matsayin Babban Firist a cikin 18^th Shekarar Yosiya.

Azariya

Azariya shi ne ɗan Hilkiya kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin 1 Labarbaru 6: 13-14.

Seraiya

Seraiya shi ne ɗan Azariya kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin 1 Labarbaru 6: 13-14. Shi Babban Firist ne aƙalla na ƙarancin mulkin Zadakiya kuma Nebukadnezzar ne ya kashe shi jim kaɗan bayan faɗuwar Urushalima a shekara ta 11.^th Shekarar Zedekiya bisa ga 2 Sarakuna 25:18.

Yehozadak

Yehozadak ɗan Seraiya ne kuma mahaifin Yehu (Joshua) kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin 1 Labarbaru 6: 14-15 kuma Nebukadnezzar ya kwashe su zuwa zaman talala. Saboda haka aka haifi Yehu yayin da yake gudun hijira. Babu kuma ambaton Jehozadak da ya dawo cikin 1^st shekarar da Cyrus bayan faduwar Babila, don haka ya dace a ɗauka cewa ya mutu yayin da yake zaman bautar ƙasa.

Yeshuwa (kuma ana kiranta Joshua)

Yeshuwa Shi ne Babban Firist a lokacin dawowar Yahuza ta farko a shekarar ta Sairus. (Ezra 2: 2) Wannan gaskiyar ma za ta nuna cewa mahaifinsa Jehozadak ya mutu a zaman bauta tare da matsayin Babban Firist wanda yake gab da shi. Abinda aka ambata na ƙarshe akan Yeshua shine a cikin Ezra 5: 2 inda Yeshua tare da Zarubabel don fara ginin haikalin. Wannan shine 2^nd Shekarar Darius Mai Girma daga mahallin da rikodin Haggai 1: 1-2, 12, 14. Idan ya kasance yana ɗan shekara 30 a dawowarsa Yahuza, zai iya kasancewa yana ɗan shekaru 49 da haihuwa^nd Shekarar Darius.

Yoiakim

Yoiakim mahaifinsa, Yeshuwa. (Neh. 12:10, 12, 26). Amma yana nuna Yoiakim ne ya maye gurbin ɗansa a lokacin da Nehemiah ya zo ya sake gina ganuwar Urushalima a shekara ta 20^th shekarar da Artaxerxes dangane da Nehemiah 3: 1. A cewar Josephus[i], Yoiakim shi ne Babban Firist a lokacin da Ezra ya dawo a cikin 7^th Shekarar Artaxerxes, wasu shekaru 13 da suka gabata. Duk da haka ya kasance da rai a cikin 7^th Shekarar Artaxerxes I, Joiakim zai zama yana da shekaru 92 da haihuwa, ba a tsammani.

Wannan matsala ce

Nehemiah 8: 5-7 wanda ke cikin 7^th ko 8^th shekarar Artaxerxes, ta rubuta wani Yeshuwa yana wurin a lokacin da Ezra ya karanta doka. Amma akwai bayanin da zai yiwu shine wannan Yeshua ne ɗan Azaniya wanda aka ambata a cikin Nehemiya 10: 9. Tabbas, idan Jeshua a cikin Nehemiya 8 shine Babban Firist zai zama baƙon abu ban da ambatonsa azaman hanyar gano shi. A cikin waɗannan da wasu labaran na Littafi Mai-Tsarki, yawancin masu suna iri ɗaya, suna rayuwa a lokaci guda galibi ana gane su ta hanyar cancantar sunan tare da “ɗan…. ”. Idan ba a yi haka ba, to da alama babban mutumin wannan sunan ya mutu, in ba haka ba, masu karatu na wannan lokacin za su rikice.

Eliyashib

Eliyashib, ɗan Yoiakim, ya zama Babban Firist a shekara ta 20^th shekarar da Artashate. Nehemiah 3: 1 ya ambata cewa Eliyashib a matsayin Babban Firist lokacin da aka sake gina ganuwar Urushalima [a cikin 20^th Shekarar Artaxerxes] na Nehemiah. Eliyashib shi ma ya taimaka wajen sake gina bango, don haka yana bukatar ya zama saurayi, wanda ya cancanci yin aiki tuƙuru. A cikin mafita na rayuwar mutum shine Eliashib ya kusan kusan 80 ko fiye a wannan lokacin.

Wannan ba zai yiwu ba a ƙarƙashin mafita na duniya.

Josephus ya ambaci Eliyashib ya zama Babban Firist a ƙarshen ƙarshen 7^th Shekarar Xerxes, kuma wannan mai yiwuwa ne ƙarƙashin warwarewar duniya.[ii]

Joyada

Joyada, ɗan Eliyashib, yana hidimar Babban Firist a lokacin da yake ƙarar shekara 33^rd Shekarar Artaxerxes. Nehemiya 13:28 ambaci Joiada Babban Firist yana da ɗa wanda ya zama surukin Sanballat Bahoron. Ginin da ke littafin 13: 6 yana nuna cewa wannan lokacin ne bayan dawowar Nehemiya zuwa Babila a shekara ta 32^nd Shekarar Artaxerxes. Wani lokaci wanda ba a bayyana ba daga baya Nehema'u ya nemi izinin sake masa rashi kuma ya sake komawa Urushalima lokacin da aka gano wannan yanayin. Koyaya, har ma don samun Joiada a matsayin Babban Firist a wannan lokacin a cikin matsalolin duniya zai sa shi cikin shekaru 70 a wannan lokacin.

Kamar kowane mutum na Johanan, shekarun da zai buƙaci rayuwa su ma, don dacewa da tsarin tarihin duniya ba shi yiwuwa.

johanan

Yohenan, ɗan Joiada, (wataƙila Yahaya, cikin Josephus) ba a ambace shi game da komai a cikin nassosi ba, waninsa a cikin hanyar magaji (Nehemiah 12:22). An kira shi da suna Yohana Domin yana yiwuwa ga Johanan da Jaddua su iya cike gurbin da ya rage tsakanin Joiada har sai Alexander Mai girma yana buƙatar su kasance ɗan atan fari a matsakaicin matsakaitan shekaru 45 da duka ukun, Joiada, Johanan da Jaddua rayuwa za su shiga shekaru 80.

Wannan ba zai yiwu ba.

Jaddua

- Jaddua, ɗan Yohenan an ambaci Josephus a matsayin Babban Firist a zamanin Darius sarki na ƙarshe [na Farisa], wanda da alama ana kiran shi "Darius Bahaushe" a cikin Nehemiya 12:22. Idan wannan aikin daidai ne to a cikin wannan mafita Darius Bahaushe zai iya zama Darius III na mafita na duniya.

Kamar kowane mutum na Johanan, shekarun da zai buƙaci rayuwa su ma, don dacewa da tsarin tarihin duniya ba shi yiwuwa.

Cikakken layin Babban Firistoci

Babban firist layin zuriya ana samunsa a cikin Nehemiya 12: 10-11, 22 wanda ya ambaci layin manyan firistoci, Yeshua, Joiakim, Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan da Jaddua har zuwa ƙarshen mulkin Darius Bahaushe (ba Darius Mai Girma ba / na Farko) .

Matsakaicin lokaci na al'ada da na al'ada na addini da lissafin tarihin tsakanin 1^st Shekarar Cyrus da Iskandari da ya kayar da Darius III shine 538 BC zuwa 330 BC. Wannan ya kai kimanin shekaru 208 tare da Babban Firistoci 6 kawai. Wannan yana nufin matsakaicin ƙarni yana da shekaru 35, yayin da matsakaicin ƙarni musamman a kusa da wancan lokacin ya kasance kamar shekaru 20-25, babban bambanci babba. Lengthaukar tsararraki na yau da kullun zai ba da kimanin matsakaicin shekaru 120-150 tsakanin wasu shekaru 58-88.

Daga cikin 6, na 4^th, Joiada, ya riga ya zama Babban Firist a kusa da 32^nd Shekarar Artaxerxes ta 109. A wannan lokaci Yoiada ya kasance yana da dangi, Tobiya Ba'ammone wanda ya kasance tare da Sanballat, ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu adawa da Yahudawa. Da Nehemiya ya koma Yahuza, sai ya kori Tobiya. Wannan yana ba da kimanin shekaru 4 na ragowar XNUMX^th Babban Firist har zuwa 6^th Babban Firistoci, (daidai yake da Babban Firistoci 2.5 kusan) tare da manyan Firistoci na farko na farko waɗanda ke da ƙarshen shekaru 3. Wannan ba wani yanayi bane wanda ake tsammani.

Samun damar dacewa da Firistocin Firist na zamanin Farisa a cikin tarihin rayuwar mutane dangane da lafazi a cikin nassosi da kasancewa mafi ƙarancin shekaru 20 tsakanin rashi uba da haihuwar ɗa wanda zai sa shekarun rashin tabbas. Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga tsawon bayan shekara 20^th Shekarar Artaxerxes I

Hakanan, matsakaicin shekarun tsararraki yawanci shine a kusan shekaru 20-25, tare da yuwuwar farkon shekaru na ɗan fari (ko ɗan da ya rayu) da yake kusan shekaru 18-21 ne, ba matsakaicin shekaru 35 da ake buƙata ba. by chronologies na mutane.

A bayyane yake labarin ba ya da ma'ana.

7.      Matsalolin Nasara ta Medo-Persia

Ezra 4: 5-7 ya ba da tarihin abin da ke tafe:neman waɗansu masu ba da shawara a kan su don su warware shawarwarinsu a dukan zamanin Sairus, Sarkin Farisa, har zuwa zamanin Dariyus, Sarkin Farisa. 6 A zamanin Ahasurus, a farkon mulkinsa, sun rubuta ƙara a kan mazaunan Yahuza da Urushalima. 7 Hakanan kuma, a zamanin Artaxerxes, Bishlam, da Mitredath, da Tabel da sauran abokan aikinsa, sun rubuta wa Artaxerxes, Sarkin Farisa ”.

Akwai matsaloli don sake gina haikalin tun daga Sairus zuwa Darius Babban Sarki na Farisa.

• Shin matsaloli a zamanin Ahasuerus da Artaxerxes sun faru ne tsakanin zamanin Sairus zuwa Darius ko daga baya?
• Shin wannan Ahasuerus ɗin ɗaya ne da Ahasuerus na Esta?
• Shin wannan Darius da za'a bayyana shine Darius I (Hystapes), ko kuma daga baya Darius, kamar Darius Bahaushe a / bayan lokacin Nehus? (Neh. 12:22).
• Wannan Artaxerxes iri ɗaya ne da na Artaxerxes na Ezra 7 gaba da Nehemiya?

Duk waɗannan tambayoyin ne waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙuduri mai gamsarwa.

8.      Matsalar thearfafawar Firistoci da Lawiyawa waɗanda suka dawo tare da Zarubabel tare da waɗanda suka sa hannu kan alkawarin.

Nehemiya 12: 1-9 ta tattara firistoci da Lawiyawa waɗanda suka koma Yahuza tare da Zarubabel a cikin 1^st Shekarar Sairus. Nehemiya 10: 2-10 ya rubuta Firistoci da Lawiyawa waɗanda suka sa hannu a kan alkawarin a gaban Nehemiya, wanda a nan aka yi magana da shi a matsayin Mai Mulki (Tirshatha) wanda saboda haka ya faru a cikin 20^th ko 21^st Shekarar Artasasta. Hakanan ya zama daidai ne da abin da aka ambata a cikin Ezra 9 & 10 wanda ya faru bayan abubuwan da suka faru na 7^th shekarar da Artaxerxes aka rubuta a cikin Ezra 8.

Idan muka dauki 21^st shekarar Artaxerxes ta zama Artaxerxes I, to wannan yana nufin cewa 16 na 30 waɗanda suka dawo daga gudun hijira a cikin 1^st shekarar da Cyrus ya kasance yana da rai a cikin shekaru 95 bayan haka (Cyrus 9 + Cambyses 8 + Darius 36 + Xerxes 21 + Artaxerxes 21). Kamar yadda dukkansu sunkai kusan shekaru 20 su zama firistoci wanda zai basu damar zama ɗan shekaru 115 a cikin 21^st shekarar Artaxerxes I

A bayyane yake wannan ba mai yiwuwa bane.

9.      Ramin shekaru 57 a cikin labarin tsakanin Ezra 6 da Ezra 7

Labarin cikin Ezra 6:15 yana bada kwanan wata 3^rd ranar 12^th Watan (Adar) na 6^th Shekarar Darius ga kammala Haikalin.

Labarin cikin Ezra 6:19 yana bada kwanan wata 14^th ranar 1^st Watan (Nisan), don bikin ƙetarewa (ranar da aka saba), kuma yana da kyau a kammala shi yana nufin 7^th Shekarar Darius kuma zai kasance kwanaki 40 kacal.

Labarin cikin Ezra 6: 14 ya nuna cewa Yahudawan da suka dawo “Sun gama, sun gama shi saboda umarnin Allah na Isra'ila da kuma saboda umarnin Sairus da Daruus da kuma Artaxerxes, Sarkin Farisa ”.

Kamar yadda aka fassara Ezra 6:14 a halin yanzu a NWT da sauran fassarar Littafi Mai-Tsarki yana nuna cewa Artaxerxes ya ba da doka don gama Haikalin. Mafi kyawun amfani, ɗaukar wannan Artaxerxes ya zama Artaxerxes na duniya, yana nufin ba a gama haikalin ba sai 20^th Shekara tare da Nehemiya, wasu shekaru 57 bayan hakan. Amma duk da haka labarin da ke cikin littafi mai tsarki a cikin Ezra ya tabbatar da cewa an gama gina haikalin a ƙarshen 6^th shekara kuma zai ba da shawarar cewa an fara sadaukarwa ne a farkon 7 na Darius.

Labarin cikin Ezra 7:8 yana bada kwanan wata 5^th watan 7^th Shekara amma yana ba Sarki Sarki kamar yadda Artaxerxes Mu, saboda haka, muna da babban rata wanda ba a bayyana shi a cikin tarihin labarun. Tarihin da ke cikin tarihi yana da Darika na I a matsayin Sarki na wani sauran shekaru 30, (duka-duka shekaru 36) sai Xerxes tare da shekaru 21 tare da Artaxerxes I tare da na farkon shekaru 6. Wannan yana nufin cewa za a sami rata na shekaru 57 a daidai lokacin da Ezra zai kasance yana da shekara 130. Don karɓar wannan bayan duk wannan lokacin kuma a wannan tsufa mara zurfi, Ezra kawai sai ya yanke shawarar jagorantar wani komowar Lawiyawan da sauran yahudawa zuwa Yahuda, kodayake yanzu an gama kammala haikalin tun rayuwar da ta gabata ga yawancin mutane, yana nuna rashin amincinsu. Wasu sun ƙarasa da cewa Darius Na kawai yayi sarauta shekaru 6 ko 7, cewa kasancewa mafi ƙarancin shekaru na mulkin da aka ambata a cikin nassosi, amma shaidar cuneiform ta musanta wannan zato. A zahiri, Darius Na shine mafi mashahuri a cikin dukkanin sarakunan Farisa.

Ka lura kuma da irin halin Ezra a cikin Ezra 7:10 "Gama Ezra ya shirya zuciyarsa don yin nazarin dokokin Ubangiji, ya aikata shi, ya kuma koyar wa Isra'ila dokoki da ka'idodi.". Ezra ya so koyar da waɗanda suka komo daga zaman talala na dokar Jehobah. Wannan ana buƙatar da zarar an gama haikalin kuma aka sake buɗe hadayar, ba bayan jinkiri na shekaru 57 ba.

A bayyane yake wannan ba mai yiwuwa bane.

10.  Rikodin Josephus da magajin Sarakunan Farisa - Bambanci ga matsalolin rayuwar duniya da na addini, da nassin Littafi Mai Tsarki.

A cewar masana ilimin rayuwar duniya, akwai matsaloli da yawa game da daidaiton asusun Josephus a cikin Antiquities na Yahudawa. Ko ta yaya, wannan baya nufin ya kamata mu kori shaidar da ya bayar ba. Ya ba da lissafin waɗannan sarakuna 6 na Farisa:

Cyrus

Rikodin Josephus game da Cyrus yana da kyau. Ya ƙunshi ƙarin ƙarin ƙarin ƙarin wuraren ƙarin tabbacin Littafi Mai-Tsarki, kamar yadda za mu gani nan gaba a jerinmu.

Kamara

Josephus ya ba da irinsa mai kama da irin wannan a cikin Ezra 4: 7-24, amma tare da bambancin wasiƙar da aka aika zuwa Cambyses, yayin da Sarki bayan Sairus a cikin Ezra 4 ana kiransa Artaxerxes. Duba Tarihi na Yahudawa - Littafin XI, Babi na 2, para 1-2.[iii]

Darius Mai Girma

Josephus ya ambata cewa Sarki Darius yayi sarauta daga Indiya zuwa Habasha kuma yana da larduna 127.[iv] Koyaya, a cikin Esther 1: 1-3, an yi amfani da wannan bayanin ga Sarki Ahasuerus. Ya kuma ambaci Zarubabel a matsayin gwamna kuma yana da abokantaka da Darius, kafin Darius ya zama sarki. [v]

Xerxes

Josephus ya rubuta cewa Yoacim (Yoiakim) shi ne Babban Firist a Xerxes 7^th shekara. Ya kuma rubuta Ezra kamar yadda ya koma Yahuza a Xerxes 7^th shekara.[vi] Koyaya, Ezra 7: 7 ya ba da labarin wannan abin da ya faru kamar yadda ya faru a cikin 7^th shekarar da Artashate.

Josephus ya kuma ce an sake gina ganuwar Urushalima tsakanin 25^th shekarar Xerxes zuwa 28^th Shekarar Xerxes. Ilimin lissafi na mutum ya ba Xerxes jimlar shekaru 21 kawai. Hakanan wataƙila, mafi mahimmanci, Nehemiya ya ba da labarin gyaran ganuwar Urushalima kamar yadda ake yi a cikin 20^th Shekarar Artaxerxes.

Artasasta (I)

Hakanan aka sani da Cyrus bisa ga Josephus. Ya kuma ce Artaxerxes ne ya auri Esther, yayin da yawancin mutane a yau suke tantance Ahasuerus na littafi mai tsarki tare da Xerxes.[vii] Josephus yana bayyana wannan Artaxerxes (Artaxerxes I na tarihin duniya) kamar yadda ya auri Esther, a cikin hanyoyin rayuwar duniya ba zai yiwu ba domin wannan yana nufin Esther ta auri Sarkin Farisa wasu shekaru 81-82 bayan faɗuwar Babila. Ko da ba a haihuwar Esther ba har zuwa dawowar daga zaman talala, bisa ga abin da Mordekai yake da kusan shekara 20 a wannan lokacin, za ta kasance a farkon shekara 60 a lokacin aurenta bisa wannan dalilin. Wannan a fili lamari ne.

Darius (II)

A cewar Josephus, wannan Darius shine wanda zai gaje shi Artaxerxes kuma sarki na Farisa na ƙarshe, wanda Alexander babba ya ci.[viii]

Josephus ya kuma ce wani tsoho Sanballat (wani sanannen suna) ya mutu a lokacin kewaye garin Gaza, wanda Alexander Mai Girma ya yi.[ix][X]

Alexander Mai girma

Bayan mutuwar Iskandari mai girma, Jaddua babban firist ya mutu sai asansa Onias ya zama Babban Firist.[xi]

Wannan rakodin akan jarrabawar farko a fili bai dace da ilmin lissafi na yanzu ba kuma yana ba da Sarakuna daban-daban don muhimman abubuwan da suka faru a matsayin wanda Esta ta auri, kuma Wanene Sarki lokacin da aka sake gina ganuwar Urushalima. Duk da yake Josephus rubutu game da shekaru 300-400 daga baya ba a ɗauka amintacce kamar Littafi Mai-Tsarki ba, wanda tarihin rayuwar abubuwan tarihi ne, balle abinci ga tunani.

Abubuwan da za a magance idan zai yiwu

11.  Matsalar Apocrypha ta ambaci sarakunan Farisa a 1 & 2 Esdras

Esdras 3: 1-3 karanta:Sarki Dariyus kuwa ya yi babban biki ga duk waɗanda suke zaune a gidansa, da kuma waɗanda suka haife shi a gidansa, da dukan sarakunan Media da na Farisa, da sauran hakimai, da hakiman da masu mulkin da suke ƙarƙashinsa, daga Indiya har zuwa Habasha. a cikin ɗari da ashirin da bakwai lardunan ”.

Wannan kusan yayi daidai da ayoyin bude Esther 1: 1-3 waɗanda aka karanta:Yanzu ya faru a zamanin Ahasuerus, Ahasuerus ne yake sarauta kamar sarki daga Indiya zuwa Habasha, a larduna ɗari da ashirin da bakwai na… A shekara ta uku ta sarautarsa, ya yi biki ga sarakunansa duka, da bayinsa, da rundunar sojojin Farisa da Media, da manyan sarakuna, da shugabannin larduna masu ƙarfi a gaban kansa ”.

Esta 13: 1 (Littafi Mai Tsarki) karantawa "Yanzu ga kwafin wasiƙar: Babban sarki Artaxerxes ne ya rubuta waɗannan maganganu ga shugabannin larduna ɗari da ɗari da ashirin da bakwai daga Indiya zuwa Habasha da ga gwamnonin da aka naɗa a ƙarƙashinsu." Hakanan akwai kalmomin makamancin wannan a cikin Esther 16: 1.

Wadannan wurare cikin Apocryphal Esther ta ba Artashate a matsayin sarki maimakon Ahasuerus a matsayin sarkin Esta. Hakanan, Apocryphal Esdras ya bayyana Sarki Darius wanda ya yi daidai da Sarki Ahasuerus a cikin Esta. Hakanan, a lura shine gaskiyar cewa an sami Ahasuerus fiye da ɗaya, kamar yadda aka gano shi "Ahasuerus wanda ke mulki a matsayin sarki daga Indiya zuwa Habasha, ya kamata ya mamaye gundumomin lardin 127."

Abubuwan da za a magance idan zai yiwu

12.  Septuagint (LXX) Hujja

A cikin sakin Septuagint na littafin Esther, munga an nada Sarki Artaxerxes maimakon Ahasuerus.

Misali, Esther 1: 1 tana karanta “A shekara ta biyu ta sarautar Artaxerxes babban sarki, a ranar farko ta Nisan, Mardochaeus ɗan Yarius, ”…. Bayan waɗannan abubuwa a zamanin Artashate, (wannan Artashate ya mallaki larduna ɗari da ashirin da bakwai daga Indiya) ”.

A cikin littafin Septuagint na Ezra, mun sami “Assuerus” maimakon Ahasuerus na rubutun Masoretic, da “Arthasastha” maimakon rubutun Artasastx na Masoretic. Koyaya, waɗannan bambance-bambance a cikin Ingilishi sune kawai tsakanin sigar Girkanci na sunan da kuma fassarar sunan Ibrananci.

Labarin cikin Ezra 4: 6-7 ya ambata Kuma a cikin Assuriyawa, a farkon mulkinsa, suka rubuta wasiƙa a kan mazaunan Yahuza da Urushalima. A zamanin Arthasastha, Tabeel ya rubuta wa Mithradates da sauran abokan aikin nasa natsuwa: mai karɓar haraji ya rubuta wa Artasastha, Sarkin Farisa, rubutu a cikin harshen Suriya ”.

Septuagint ga Ezra 7: 1 ya ƙunshi Arthasastha maimakon Artaxerxes na rubutun Masoretic kuma yana karanta “Bayan waɗannan abubuwa, a cikin mulkin Artasastha, Sarkin Farisa, sai Esdras ɗan Saraya ya haɗu,

Haka yake ga littafin Nehemiya 2: 1 wanda yake karanta cewa:Ya zama fa a watan Nisan na shekara ta ashirin ta sarautar Artasastha, ruwan inabin yana gabana, ”.

Siffar Septuagint ta Ezra tana amfani da Darius a wuri guda da rubutun Masoretic.

Misali, Ezra 4:24 yana karantawa An tsai da aikin Haikalin Allah a Urushalima, har zuwa shekara ta biyu ta sarautar Dariyus Sarkin Farisa. ” (Siffar Septuagint).

Kammalawa:

A cikin littattafan Septuagint na Ezra da Nehemiya, Arthasastha ya yi daidai da Artaxerxes da Assuerus daidai da Ahasuerus. Koyaya, Septuagint Esther, mai yiwuwa ne wata fassara ta daban zuwa mai fassara ta Ezra da Nehemiah, tana da Artaxerxes a maimakon Ahasuerus a cikin rubutun Masoret. An samo Darius a koyaushe a cikin ayoyin Septuagint da Masoretic.

Abubuwan da za a magance idan zai yiwu

13.  Rubuce-rubucen Batutuwa da za a warware

Rubutun A3Pa ya karanta: “Babban sarki Artaxerxes [III], sarkin sarakuna, sarkin ƙasashe, sarkin wannan duniya, ya ce: Ni ɗan sarki ne Artaxerxes [II Mnemon]. Artaxerxes ɗan sarki ne Darius [II Nothus]. Darius ɗan sarki ne Artaxerxes [I]. Artaxerxes ɗan sarki Ahashxes ne. Ahashuwa ɗan sarki Darius [Mai Girma]. Darius ɗan wani mutum ne mai suna Hatsasa. Hystaspes ɗan wani mutum ne mai suna Sunaye, da Achaemenid. "[xii]

Wannan rubutun zai nuna cewa akwai Artaxerxes guda biyu bayan Darius II. Wannan yana buƙatar tabbatarwa cewa wannan fassarar 'kamar yadda take' ba tare da ma'amala da yawa ba waɗanda ya kamata su kasance cikin [baka]. Lura kuma fassarar da aka bayar game da sanya lambar sarakunan a cikin [sarkoki] misali [II Mnemon] kamar yadda ba sa cikin rubutun asali, lambobin suna matsayin aikin tarihi na zamani ne don tantance asali.

Hoton kuma yana buƙatar tantancewa don tabbatar da cewa rubutun bawai karya ne na zamani ba kuma ba lalle ba kuma tsohon rubutun karya ne ko na zamani ba. Tarihin kayan tarihi na karya, a cikin ingantattun kayan tarihi, amma rubutattun bayanai ko kayan adon kayan tarihi tare da rubutattun matsaloli ne masu tasowa a cikin duniyar archaeological. Tare da wasu abubuwa, an kuma tabbatar da cewa sun kasance cikin rudani a cikin lokutan tarihi, don haka za a zaɓi shaidu da yawa don abin da ya faru ko gaskiya kuma daga kafofin daban-daban masu zaman kansu.

Kullum, rubutattun abubuwa tare da ɓatattun sassan rubutun [lacunae] an kammala su ta amfani da fahimtar data kasance. Duk da wannan bayyananniyar ma'anar, 'yan fassara kaɗan kawai na allunan cuneiform da rubuce-rubucen suna nuna ma'amala a cikin [baka], mafi yawansu ba su yi ba. Wannan yana haifar da wata matattara mai ɓatarwa kamar yadda tushen abubuwan suke buƙatar kasancewa da aminci sosai da fari domin ya zama cikakkiyar ma'amala maimakon zace-zace. In ba haka ba, wannan na iya haifar da ma'anar madaidaiciya, inda ake fassara rubutu gwargwadon ganewar fahimta sannan kuma ana amfani dashi don tabbatar da gaskiyar fahimta, wacce ba za a iya barin ta ta yi ba. Wataƙila mafi mahimmanci, ƙari, mafi yawan rubuce-rubucen da allunan suna da lacunae [sassan da aka lalace] saboda tsufa da yanayin adanawa. Saboda haka ingantaccen fassarar ba tare da an shiga tsakani ba

A lokacin rubutu (farkon 2020) daga bayanin da aka samo wanda za'a bincika, wannan rubutun ya bayyana a kimar fuska ya zama na gaske. Idan gaskiya ne, to wannan, don haka, yana da alama yana tabbatar da layin duniya na sarakuna aƙalla zuwa Artaxerxes III, kawai barin Darius III da Artaxerxes IV aka yi lissafin su. Koyaya, ba shi yiwuwa a tabbatar da shi tare da kowane allunan cuneiform a wannan lokacin, kuma wataƙila mafi mahimmanci rubutun ba a sanya shi ba. Ranar da aka yi wannan rubutun ba a iya tabbataccen sauƙi ba kamar yadda ba a haɗa kowa a cikin rubutun ba kuma zai iya, don haka, ya zama rubutun daga baya dangane da bayanan kuskure, ko kuma ƙarairayi na zamani. Rubutun bayanan karya da allunan cuneiform sun kasance tun daga ƙarshen 1700s a kalla lokacin da Archaeology a cikin jaririnta ya fara samun shahara da karɓa. Saboda haka, abin tambaya ne game da irin amincin da mutum zai iya sanyawa a cikin wannan rubutun da ɗin ɗin mai kama da shi.

Abubuwan da za a magance idan zai yiwu

Da fatan za a duba jerin Karin Bayani don samun Tsarin Kwakwalwa na Cuneiform don Daular Farisa.

14. Kammalawa

Ya zuwa yanzu mun gano wasu manyan batutuwa guda 12 da tarihin zamani da na addini. Babu shakka akwai wasu ƙananan maganganu suma.

Daga duk waɗannan matsalolin, zamu iya ganin cewa wani abu yana da mummunar kuskure ga fahimtar halin yanzu da na addini dangane da Daniyel 9: 24-27. Ganin mahimmancin wannan annabcin wajen ba da tabbaci cewa lalle Yesu shi ne Almasihu kuma ana iya dogara da annabcin Littafi Mai-Tsarki, duka amincin saƙon Littafi Mai-Tsarki yana bincika shi. Don haka, ba za mu iya yin watsi da waɗannan ainihin abubuwan ba, ba tare da yin wani ƙoƙari na fayyace abin da saƙon ainihi yake ba, da kuma yadda ko idan tarihi zai iya yin sulhu da shi.

Don ƙoƙarin magance waɗannan batutuwan, Kashi 3 & 4 a cikin wannan jerin za ayi nazarin tushen abubuwan tarihin na yarda da cewa Yesu Kristi hakika Almasihu ne da aka alkawarta. Wannan zai hada da bincika Daniyel 9: 24-27. A yin hakan ne zamu yi ƙoƙari mu samar da tsarin da za mu buƙaci aiki a ciki, wanda biyun zai jagorance mu kuma ya ba mu buƙatun mafita. Kashi 5 zai ci gaba da taƙaitaccen nazarin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin littattafan Littafi Mai-Tsarki masu dacewa da kuma yin nazari kan fannoni daban-daban na asusun Litattafan. Daga nan zamu yanke wannan bangare ta hanyar samar da shawarwarin da za ayi.

Zamu iya cigaba da bincike a bangarorin 6 da kuma 7 ko za a iya daidaita matsalar da aka ba da shawarar tare da bayanan Littafi Mai-Tsarki da abubuwan da muka gano a ɓangarorin 1 da 2. Ta yin hakan za mu bincika yadda za mu fahimci gaskiyar da muke da ita daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki da sauran hanyoyin, ba tare da watsi da shaidar da ba za a iya tantance ta ba. ta yaya zasu dace da tsarin mu.

part 8 zai ƙunshi taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen mahimman al'amura waɗanda har yanzu suna fice da kuma yadda za mu iya magance su.

Za a ci gaba a Sashe na 3….

Don mafi girma da zazzagewa daga wannan janar ɗin don Allah duba https://drive.google.com/open?id=1gtFKQRMOmOt1qTRtsiH5FOImAy7JbWIm

[i] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 5 v 1

[ii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 5 v 2,5

[iii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 2 v 1-2

[iv] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 3 v 1-2

[v] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 4 v 1-7

[vi] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 5 v 2

[vii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 6 v 1-13

[viii] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 7 v 2

[ix] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 8 v 4

[X] Don kimantawar kasancewar Sanballat sama da ɗaya sai a bincika takarda  https://academia.edu/resource/work/9821128 , Archaeology da rubutu a cikin Farisa na Farko: Mayar da hankali kan Sanballat, wanda Jan Duseck yayi.

[xi] http://www.ultimatebiblereferencelibrary.com/Complete_Works_of_Josephus.pdf  Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 8 v 7

[xii] https://www.livius.org/sources/content/achaemenid-royal-inscriptions/a3pa/ da kuma

Herbert Cushing Tolman, 1908. p.42-43 na littafin (ba pdf) na Fassarar rubutun na Achaemenid wanda aka rubuta da kuma fassarar bayanan Achaemenid. https://archive.org/details/cu31924026893150/page/n10/mode/2up

Tadua

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