NguNisan 14 ngonyaka ka-2020 (IKhalenda yamaJuda yonyaka wama-5780)?

INyanga eNtsha kwiZulu laseNtshona iqala inyanga enyangeni.

IKhalenda yamaJuda ineenyanga ezili-12 zenyanga ezingama-29.5 zeentsuku inye, zizisa “ukubuya konyaka” ngeentsuku ezingama-354, zisilela nge-11 nangekota enye yeentsuku zonyaka welanga. Ke ingxaki yokuqala yokumisela umhla kukukhetha ukuba yeyiphi inyanga eza kuphawula inyanga yokuqala yonyaka ongcwele (ngokuchaseneyo nokuqala konyaka wezolimo okuziinyanga ezi-6 zokugqibela).

Kwi 4^th Inkulungwane yexesha lethu eliqhelekileyo urabi Hillel II waseka iKhalenda esemthethweni yamaJuda ebisoloko isetyenziswa ukusukela ngoko. I-13^th inyanga yenyanga yongezwa amaxesha asixhenxe kwiminyaka eli-7 ukwenza ukusilela. Iminyaka emide (iinyanga ezili-19) yenzeka ekupheleni kweminyaka yesi-13, 3, 6, 8, 11, 14 kunye ne-17 kulo mjikelo, obizwa ngegama lesazi ngeenkwenkwezi saseGrisi, uMeton, owayiqala ngenkulungwane yesihlanu ngaphambi kwexesha lethu Ixesha eliqhelekileyo.

Le patheni yomjikelo iyafana nezitshixo ezimnyama kwipiyano, ezimele ukuhlelwa kweqela elide.

Ipiyano ephambili yeminyaka eli-13 yeenyanga ezili-19 ngonyaka we-Metonic Cycle

Oku kuthetha ukuba ngokujonga nje ikhalenda, sinokumisela ukuba yeyiphi na iminyaka ehambelana nale patheni yeminyaka emide. Ukusukela kwinkulungwane yama-20 unyaka wokuqala kwikhalenda yamaJuda kumaqela aneminyaka eli-19 aqala ngo-1902, kwakhona ngo-1921, 1940, 1959, 1978, 1997, nango-2016. Unyaka wokuqala weenyanga ezili-13 zomjikelo wangoku yenzeka ngonyaka ka-2019, ehambelana ne-C # kwizikali zepiyano njengonyaka wesi-3.

AmaNgqina kaYehova alandela le ndlela inye ukususela ngeMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, unyaka wabo wokuqala kumjikelo wenzeka kwiminyaka eli-14 emva kwenkqubo yamaJuda, okanye iminyaka emi-5 ngaphambili kwinqanaba elingaphezulu kwexesha. Ke ngo-2020, ikhalenda yamaJuda ikunyaka wesi-5 (iinyanga ezili-12), ngeli xesha amaNgqina akunyaka we-10 (kwaneenyanga ezili-12.) Ukungangqinelani phakathi kweenkqubo ezimbini ezifanayo kwenzeka ngeminyaka yoku-1, 9 neye-12 yenkqubo yamaJuda. , xa loo minyaka imfutshane, ngelixa amaNgqina ejonga iminyaka emide engama-6, 14, neli-17 kwangaxeshanye. Ngokukwanjalo, ngelixa amaJuda ebukele iadar-adar, inyanga yabo ye-13 kwiminyaka yabo ye-3 neye-14, amaNgqina aqala ngoNisan kwinyanga engaphambili. Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona amaNgqina esithi alandela ipasika yamaYuda kaNisan 14, kwiminyaka emihlanu kweli-5, kukho umahluko wenyanga ngokumisela umhla kaNisan 19.

Ngokwalo ngowama-2020 (5780) zombini ezi nkqubo zinonyaka omfutshane, ngoNisan ukuqala kwenyanga entsha kanye emva kwehlobo lentwasahlobo. Umdibaniso weenkwenkwezi wenyanga kunye nelanga ziya kwenzeka nge-11: 29 nge-Matshi 24^th (28^th Usuku lwenyanga yamaJuda uAdar) ixesha laseYerusalem, ngokutshona kwelanga nje phambi kwentsimbi yesi-6. Ukuze inkwenkwezi okanye ubuso bobuso obumnyama bubonakale, ilanga kufuneka libe ngama-8 degrees ngaphantsi kwe-horizon, kwaye umzimba oqwalaselweyo kufuneka ube ngama-3 degrees ngaphezu kwe-horizon. Ke ngoko, inyanga entsha ayizukubonakala eJerusalem ngorhatya olo, kwanaxa imozulu intle, kwaye umhla olandelayo ngumhla wamashumi amabini anesithoba kuAdare.

Inyanga ihamba ngasekhohlo kwelanga xa ilanga liphezulu esibhakabhakeni kwi-arc yalo yemihla ngemihla, okanye kubonakala ngathi liphuma ngaphezu kwalo ekutshoneni kwelanga kwinqanaba le-diameter enye ngeyure okanye i-0.508 degrees ye-arc kuma-360. Yahlukile elangeni ngeedigri ezili-11 ezifunekayo, ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-22 zexesha kufuneka zidlule emva kwexesha lendibaniselwano okanye inqaku lokudlula kwisibhakabhaka esiqwalaselweyo.

Ukutshona kwelanga ngokuhlwa okulandelayo eJerusalem nge-25 ka-Matshi kuya kwenzeka nge-5: 54 pm ixesha lendawo (GMT + 2), xa ilanga liyokutshona ezantsi kolundi. Imizuzu engamashumi amathathu anesibini emva koko ilanga liya kuba ngama-8 degrees ngaphantsi kwesibhakabhaka, kodwa inyanga yobudala benyanga iya kuba neeyure ezingama-30.5, ibeka inyanga malunga ne-7 degrees ngaphezulu kolundi, ivumela ukubonwa okubonakalayo. Ngenxa yoko, amaNgqina aza kuqalisa inyanga yawo enguNisan ukutshona kwelanga ngoLwesithathu we-25 Matshi^th. Oku kuthetha ukuba uNisan 14 uza kuqala ekutshoneni kwelanga ngoLwesibini, ngo-Epreli 7^th, oluhlwa lusuku lomthendeleko weSikhumbuzo kwiiHolo ZoBukumkani nakwiindawo zokuqhubela iintlanganiso.

(Olu lwazi lungentla luthunyelwe ngenjongo yokucacisa ngeenkwenkwezi nangekhalenda emva kokumiselwa komhla we-2020. Asikokuxhasa ukubakho kwisidlo ngokubanzi sokungathabathi siSidlo seNkosi kwiiHolo zoBukumkani. ngorhatya lwango-Epreli 7 njengowokuphela komhla ochanekileyo weSidlo seNkosi. Kwingxelo kaMathew uYesu akakhankanyi ngokukhumbula ukufa kwakhe ngalo mthendeleko wobudlelane, kodwa endaweni yoko umisela umnqophiso wokubandakanywa eBukumkanini bakhe nabadla abo emzimbeni negazi lakhe. Imifuziselo yesonka esingenagwele newayini ebomvu.Ukuze ufumane ubungqina obungaphezulu kwesiko lamaKristu okuqala lokuhlanganisana emakhaya kwiintlanganiso zebandla nakwimisitho yothando, jonga apha ngezantsi, epapashwe okokuqala kwiJenali ye "The Christian Quest", Vol 1, No 1 -U-James James Penton, uMhleli ngemvume. Jonga kwakhona iChristianQuest.org)

KANINZI KANGAPHI?

NguWilliam E. Eliason

Inqaku kuMandla esiGama sesiGrike u-ςκις ἐὰν kweyoku-1 kwabaseKorinte 11: 25,26 kunye nokuBekwa kwayo kuMthendeleko weSidlo seNkosi:

Kweyoku-1 kwabaseKorinte 11:25 (Rotherham), uPawulos ucaphula uYesu esithi: "Oku kwenzeleni amaxesha ngamaxesha xa niyisela ukundikhumbula." Esi sicatshulwa samazwi eNkosi yethu kwiziko leSidlo seSikhumbuzo siyafana naleyo ifumaneka kwiVangeli kaLuka (22: 19), kodwa apha uPawulos usinika ibinzana elithi ὁσάκις ἐὰν (hosakis ean) elinganikwanga nanguye na umVangeli, kodwa Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo yayiyinxalenye yesityhilelo awathi umpostile wathi wasifumana kwiNkosi uqobo. (1 Kor. 11:23) UPawulos uphinda ibinzana eliqhele ukuguqulelwa “ngokufuthi” kwindima yama-26, xa ebhekisa kwisidlo sangokuhlwa ebandleni.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezibini eli binzana lesiGrike kuthethwa ngalo liya kubuyisa isifundo esisondeleyo kunangaphambili. Okokuqala, phantse akukho namnye kwiinguqulelo zethu amandla esuntswana expressedν abonakalisiweyo (iRotherham yokoqobo iyinto ebonakalayo ebonakalayo). Izichazimagama ezinkulu ziyayikhupha, kodwa bambalwa abanokufikelela kuloo misebenzi okanye indawo ekusetyenzisweni kwabo. Okwesibini, intsingiselo yokwenyani ye ὁσάκις ἐὰν inokuphosa ukukhanya kwisifundo apho kukho uluvo oluninzi kunye nolwazi oluncinci olunolwazi (oluza kuthatyathwa eBhayibhileni okanye nakuwuphi na omnye umthombo), ongulo mbuzo: into eyayisenziwa ecaweni yabapostile ngokubhekisele kwinto ekufanele ukuba yenziwe ngayo iSidlo seNkosi sangokuhlwa?

INDLELA YOKUQINISA INDLELA

Intsingiselo ye-ὁσάκις ἐὰν njengoko inikwe kwiThayer's Lexicon (iphepha 456) yile: “qho kunje,” ekuvunyelwene nawo ngamanye amagunya awongamileyo. Umzekelo, uRobinson unika "nangona kunjalo. Igama elithi ὁσάκις lithetha: "ngokufuthi kangangoko," kwaye isuntswana elithi ἐὰν ngokubanzi lilingana no "soever." Eli binzana, ke, linokuthetha kuphela ukuphindaphindwa, njengoko kuchaziwe ngabona baphengululi baphambili. Ukubhekiswa kwiSityhi 11: 6 (ekuphela kwento eyenzekayo kweli binzana) iya kuwulungisa umbandela kuninzi lwabafundi. Apho amangqina anamandla “Ukubetha umhlaba nazo zonke izibetho, ngokufuthi nangaliphi na ixesha abanqwenela ngalo. ”

INDODA YABASEKORINTE

UPawulos ubhalela abaseKorinte: "Kuba ngamaxesha onke enisukuba nisidla eso sonka, niyisele loo ndebe, niyakwazisa ukufa kweNkosi ide ifike." Ukusuka kwimeko (1 Kor, 11: 20-22,33,34), kuyabonakala ukuba kwibandla laseKorinte iSidlo seNkosi besithathwa xa kuvalwa isidlo (i-agapé okanye "isidlo sothando"), kwaye mhlawumbi kunokuba rhoqo. Siphawula ukuba umpostile akabeki mthetho malunga nexesha, kodwa kuphela malunga nendlela yomsitho. Inqaku elibhalwe nguGG Findlay kwiThe Expositor's Greek Testament linika uὁσάκις ἐὰν amandla alo afanelekileyo: “INkosi yethu ayimiselanga maxesha abekiweyo; UPaul uthatha ukuba umbhiyozo uzakuba rhoqo, kuba uyalela ukuba nokuba kunjalo kangakanani, kufuneka ikhokelwe yimiyalelo yeNkosi ukuze kugcinwe ukukhunjulwa kwakhe kungaphazanyiswa.

Rufus