Binciken Daniyel 11: 1-45 da 12: 1-13

Gabatarwa

"Ba na tsoron gaskiya. Ina maraba da shi. Amma ina fata dukkan bayanan na zasu kasance cikin yanayin da ya dace.”- Gordon B. Hinckley

Bugu da ƙari, don sake faɗar ambaton Alfred Whitehead, “Na sha wahala da yawa daga marubutan da suka ambaci wannan ko wancan hukuncin [nassosi] ko dai daga cikin mahallin ko a juxtaposition zuwa wasu incongruous kwayoyin halitta wanda aka gurbata [nasa] ma'ana, ko lalata shi gaba ɗaya."

Saboda haka, "A gare ni mahallin shine mabuɗin - daga hakan ne fahimtar komai." - Kenneth Noland.

Lokacin bincika Littafi Mai-Tsarki musamman kowane nassi don aikata tare da annabci, mutum yana buƙatar fahimtar nassi a cikin mahallin. Wannan na iya zama versesan ayoyi ko chaptersan babi ko dai gefen sashin da aka bincika. Hakanan muna buƙatar tabbatar da ko menene mahalarta taron da kuma abin da zasu fahimta. Dole ne kuma mu tuna cewa an rubuta Littafi Mai Tsarki don mutane na al'ada, kuma don su fahimta. Ba a rubuta shi ba don wani ɗan ƙaramin rukunin ilimi wanda zai zama shi kaɗai zai riƙe ilimi da fahimta, ko a cikin lokacin Littafi Mai-Tsarki ko a yanzu ko a nan gaba.

Saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a kusanci gwajin a bayyane, barin Baibul ya fassara kansa. Ya kamata mu kyale Littattafai su jagorance mu zuwa kammalawar dabi'a, maimakon kusanta da ra'ayoyin da aka riga aka yanke.

Abinda ya biyo baya shine sakamakon wannan binciken na littafin Daniyel 11, a cikin mahallin ba tare da tunanin da muke da shi ba, muna ƙoƙari mu ga yadda zamu fahimce shi. Duk wani abin da ya faru na tarihi wanda ba a saba sanin sa ba za a kawo shi tare da tunani (s) don a tantance su, kuma daga nan ne aka fahimtar da hankali.

Bin waɗannan ka'idodin da aka ambata a sama mun sami waɗannan:

• Da fari dai, masu sauraro su ne yahudawa da suka kasance cikin ƙaura cikin Babila ko kuma ba da daɗewa ba zasu dawo ƙasar Yahuda bayan kusan tsawon rayuwarsu a zaman bauta.
• Sabili da haka, abubuwan da aka rubuta za su kasance waɗannan abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da al'ummar Yahudawa, waɗanda zaɓaɓɓu ne na Allah.
• Mala'ika ya ba Daniyel, wani Bayahude, ba da daɗewa ba bayan faɗuwar Babila zuwa ga Darius mutumin Mede da Sairus mutumin Farisa.
• A zahiri, Daniyel da sauran yahudawa sun nuna sha'awar makomar alummarsu, yanzu da aka gama bautar da Babila a ƙarƙashin Nebukadnezzar da 'ya'yansa maza.

Tare da wadannan dalilan a cikin zuciyarmu bari mu fara karatun aya ta karatun aya.

Daniel 11: 1-2

"¹ Ni kuma a shekara ta farko ta Daruus mutumin Mede, na tashi tsaye kamar mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi a gare shi. ² Kuma yanzu abin da zan gaya muku gaskiya ne:

“Duba! Har yanzu sarakuna uku za su tasar wa Farisa, amma na huɗun zai sami dukiya mai girma fiye da sauran duka. Da zarar ya sami ƙarfi a cikin wadatarsa, zai ta da komai a kan mulkin Girka.

Yahudiya ya mallaki Farisa

A matsayin tunatarwa, a cewar aya ta 1, wani mala'ika ya yi magana da Daniyel yanzu a ƙarƙashin mulkin Darius mutumin Mede da Sairus Sarkin Farisa, a farkon shekarar da suka ci Babila da masarautarta.

Don haka, waye ya kamata a danganta shi da sarakunan 4 na Farisa da aka ambata a nan?

Wasu sun bayyana Cyrus Mai Girma a matsayin Sarki na farko kuma sun yi watsi da Bardiya / Gaumata / Smerdis. Amma dole ne mu tuna da mahallin.

Me yasa muke fadi haka? Daniyel 11: 1 ya ba da lokacin wannan annabcin kamar yadda ya faru a cikin 1^st shekarar Darius the Mede. Amma yana da mahimmanci a san cewa bisa ga Daniyel 5:31 da Daniyel 9: 1, Darius mutumin Mede shi ne Sarkin Babila da abin da ya rage na daular Babila. Bugu da ƙari, Daniyel 6:28 ta faɗi game da Daniyel yana da wadata a cikin mulkin Darius [a kan Babila] da cikin masarautar Sairus mutumin Farisa.

Cyrus ya rigaya yana sarauta a kan Sarki a Farisa na wasu shekaru 22[i]  kafin a ci Babila kuma ya ci gaba da zama Sarkin Farisa har rasuwarsa bayan shekaru 9. Saboda haka, lokacin da littafi ke cewa,

"Duba! Sarakuna uku ne.,

kuma yana Magana game da rayuwa nan gaba, zamu kawai yanke hukuncin cewa gaba Sarkin Farisa, da farko Persian sarki wannan annabcin, don ɗaukar kursiyin Farisa shine Cambyses II, ɗan Sairus Babban.

Wannan yana nufin cewa na biyu sarki na annabci zai zama Bardiya / Gaumata / Smerdis kamar yadda wannan sarki ya gaji Cambyses II. Bardiya, bi da bi, Sarki Darius ne Mafi Girma wanda mu muke wakilta a matsayin sarkinmu na uku.[ii]

Ko Bardiya / Gaumata / Smerdis ya kasance mai imposter ko ba damuwa ba, kuma tabbas, an ɗan sani game da shi. Akwai ma rashin tabbas a kan ainihin sunansa saboda haka sunan nan sau uku da aka bayar a nan.

Darius Babbar, sarki na uku ya kasance sarki Xerxes I (Mai Girma), wanda saboda haka zai zama sarki na huɗu.

Annabcin ya faɗi waɗannan game da sarki na huɗu:

"Na huɗu zai tara dukiya mai girma fiye da kowane. Da zarar ya sami ƙarfi a cikin dukiyarsa, zai tayar da kishi a kan mulkin Girka. ”

Menene tarihi ya nuna? Sarki na huɗu a bayyane ya zama Xerxes. Shine kadai Sarki wanda ya dace da kwatancin. Mahaifinsa Darius I (Babban) ya tara dukiya ta hanyar gabatar da tsarin harajin yau da kullun. Xerxes ya gaji wannan kuma ya kara shi. A cewar Herodotus, Xerxes ya tattaro babbar runduna da rundunar soji da za su mamaye Girka. "Xerxes yana tara sojojinsa, yana bincika kowane yanki na nahiyar. 20. A cikin shekaru huɗu cikakku daga faɗar Misira ya shirya rundunar da abubuwan da za su yi wa sojoji, kuma a cikin shekara ta biyar ta 20 ya fara kamfen ɗinsa da taron jama'a masu yawan gaske. Gama daga cikin rundunar da muka sani wannan ya nuna cewa mafi girma ne; ” (Duba Herodotus, Littafi na 7, sakin layi 20,60-97).[iii]

Bugu da kari, Xerxes kamar yadda aka sani tarihi shine Sarki na Farisa na karshe wanda ya mamaye Girka tun kafin mamayar Farisa ta hannun Alexander Mai Girma.

Tare da Xerxes a bayyane a matsayin 4^th sarki, to wannan ya tabbatar da cewa mahaifinsa, Darius Mai Girma dole ne ya zama 3^rd sarki da sauran abubuwan asali na Cambyses II a matsayin 1^st sarki da Bardiya a matsayin na 2^nd sarki daidai ne.

A taƙaice, sarakunan nan huɗu da zasu bi Darius Mede da Cyrus Mai Girma sune

• Cambyses II, (ɗan Sairus)
• Bardiya / Gaumata / Smerdis, (? Brotheran uwan ​​Cambyses, ko imposter?)
• Darius I (Babban), da
• Xerxes (ɗan Darius I)

Sauran sarakunan Farisa ba su yi wani abin da ya shafi matsayin ƙasar Yahudawa da ƙasar Yahuda ba.

 

Daniel 11: 3-4

³ “Maɗaukaki sarki zai tashi ya yi mulki da babban iko, ya yi yadda ya ga dama. ⁴ Kuma idan ya tashi tsaye, mulkinsa zai karye ya kuma rabe shi zuwa ga kusurwowin sama guda hudu, amma ba ga zuriyarsa ba ba bisa ga mulkin da ya yi mulki ba; domin za a tumɓuke mulkinsa, har ma ga wanin waɗannan.

"³Sarki maɗaukaki kuwa zai tashi tsaye ”

Sarki na gaba da zai shafi ƙasar Yahuza da yahudawan shine Alexander Mai Girma da Dauloli huɗu waɗanda suka haifar. Ko da ma mafi yawan shakku game da fahimtar waɗannan ayoyin suna nufin Alexander Mai girma. Yana da muhimmanci mu lura cewa daya daga cikin dalilan da Alexander ya kaiwa Farisa hari shine, saboda a cewar Arrian Bahaushe ne (farkon 2^nd Karni), “ALexander ya rubuta wata amsa, ya aika da Thersippus tare da mutanen da suka zo daga Darius, tare da umarnin su ba Darius wasika, amma ba don tattaunawa game da komai ba. Wasikar Alexander ta gudu kamar haka: “Kakanninku sun zo Makidoniya da sauran ƙasar Girka, kuma sun cutar da mu, ba tare da wani rauni da ya gabata daga gare mu ba. Ni, an sa ni in zama shugaban janar na Helenawa, da kuma neman ɗaukar fansa a kan Farisa, na haye zuwa cikin Asiya, hargitsin ya fara a kanku. .... " [iv]. Saboda haka mu ma muna da alaƙa tsakanin Sarkin Farisa na huɗu da Alexander Mai Girma.

"Kuma yi mulki tare da babban mulki kuma ku aikata bisa ga nufinsa"

Alexander the Great ya miƙe ya ​​sassaka babban daula a cikin shekaru goma, wanda ya daga Girka zuwa arewa maso yammacin Indiya ya haɗa da ƙasashen daular Farisa da aka ci, wacce ta haɗa Masar da Yahudiya.

Yahudiya ta yi mulkin Girka

“Lokacin da zai tashi tsaye, mulkinsa zai rushe”

Koyaya, a lokacin da ya ci nasara, Alexander ya mutu a Babila ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya daina yaƙin neman zaɓensa shekara 11 bayan ƙaddamar da mamayar Daular Farisa, kuma shekaru 13 bayan ya zama Sarkin Girka.

“Mulkinsa kuma zai karye ya kuma raba shi zuwa ga iska ta sama” Kuma "Mulkinsa za a tumɓuke shi, har ma da wanin waɗannan. ”

Bayan kusan shekaru ashirin na fada, masarautar tasa ta watse har zuwa masarautu 4 wadanda Manjo 4 suka mallaka. Daya a yamma, Cassander, a Makidoniya da Girka. Daya zuwa arewa, Lysimachus, a Asiya oraramar da Thrace, daya zuwa gabas, Seleucus Nicator a Mesopotamia da Siriya kuma ɗayan kudu, Ptolemy Soter a Misira da Palestine.

"Amma ba ga zuriyarsa ba ba bisa ga mulkin da ya yi mulki ba"

Zuriyarsa, da zuriyarsa, da halal ne da rashin izini duka sun mutu ko an kashe su a lokacin yaƙin. Sabili da haka, babu wani yanki na daular Alexander da ta haifar da zuriyarsa ko zuriyarsa.

Hakanan sarautarsa ​​ba ta yi nasara wajen juya hanyar da yake so ba. Yana son daular hadaka, maimakon haka, yanzu ya kasu biyu ya rabu biyu.

Matsayi ne mai ban sha'awa cewa gaskiyar abin da ya faru da Iskandari da mulkinsa an yi daidai kuma a bayyane a cikin waɗannan ayoyin a cikin Daniyel 11, cewa wasu suna amfani da shi don iƙirarin cewa an rubuta tarihin bayan gaskiya maimakon rubuta a gaba!

Dangane da lissafin da Josephus ya yi, dole ne ya riga ya rubuta Littafin Daniyel ta lokacin Alexander Mai girma. Game da Alexander, Josephus ya rubuta "Kuma lokacin da aka nuna masa littafin Daniyel inda Daniyel ya nuna cewa ɗaya daga cikin Helenawa ya rushe masarautar Farisa, ya zaci shi ne mutumin da yake nufi. ” [v]

An kuma annabta wannan rabewar a cikin Daniyel 7: 6 [vi] tare da damisa da ke da shugabanni huɗu, da ƙahoni huɗu na ƙaho a kan akuyar Daniyel 4: 8.[vii]

Babban Sarki shine Alexander Mai Girma na Girka.

Masarautun guda hudu da Manjoji hudu ke mulkin su.

• Cassander ya ɗauki Makidoniya da Girka.
• Lysimachus ya ɗauki Asiya orarami da Thrace,
• Seleucus Nicator ya ɗauki Mesopotamiya da Siriya,
• Ptolemy Soter ya ɗauki ƙasar Masar da Falasdinu.

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya.

 

Daniel 11: 5

⁵ “Sarkin kudu zai yi ƙarfi, ɗaya daga cikin shugabanninsa kuma; Zai yi nasara da shi kuma zai yi mulki da babban iko mafi girma daga ikon mulkin mutumin.

A tsakanin kusan shekaru 25 bayan kafuwar Masarauta 4, abubuwa sun canza.

“Sarkin kudu zai yi ƙarfi”

Da farko Sarkin Kudu, Ptolemy a Masar ya fi karfi.[viii]

"Da kuma daya daga cikin hakimansa"

Seleucus shi ne janar Ptolemy [yarima], wanda ya sami ƙarfi. Ya sassaka wani yanki na masarautar Girka don Seleucia, Siriya da Mesopotamia. Ba a daɗe ba kafin kafin Seleucus ya sake ɗaukar sauran masarautun Cassander da Lysimachus.

"Zai yi nasara da shi kuma lalle zai yi mulki da babban iko [wanda ya fi karfin mulkin wancan mulki]".

Koyaya, Ptolemy ya ci nasara akan Seleucus kuma ya tabbatar da mafi ƙarfin, kuma a ƙarshen Seleucus ya mutu a hannun ɗayan Ptolemy.

Wannan ya ba mai ƙarfi Sarkin kudu matsayin Ptolemy 1 Soter, da Sarkin Arewa a matsayin Seleucus I Nicator.

Sarkin kudu: Ptolemy I

Sarkin Arewa: Seleucus I

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya

 

Daniel 11: 6

⁶ “A ƙarshen wasu shekaru za su yi haɗin gwiwa da juna, kuma 'yar Sarkin kudu za ta zo wurin sarkin arewa don yin tsari mai kyau. Amma ba za ta sake riƙe ƙarfin hannu ba; kuma ba zai tsaya, ba nasa hannu; Za a ba da ita, ita da kanta, da waɗanda suka kawo ta, da wanda ya haife ta, da wanda ya ba ta ƙarfi a waɗannan lokatai. ”

"⁶A ƙarshen wasu shekaru za su yi haɗin gwiwa da juna, kuma 'yar Sarkin kudu za ta zo wurin sarkin arewa don yin tsari mai kyau. "

Shekaru bayan abubuwan Daniyel 11: 5, Ptolemy II Philadelphus (ɗan Ptolemy I) ya ba da ''yar Sarkin kudu " Berenice, ga Antakiya na II Theos, jikan Seleucus a matsayin matar a matsayin “tsari mai adalci. " Wannan ya kasance ne kan yanayin da Antiyaku ya ajiye matar sa Laodice zuwa “danganta kansu da juna ". [ix]

Sarkin kudu: Ptolemy II

Sarkin Arewa: Antakiya ta II

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya

Amma ba za ta riƙe ikon hannunta ba. ”

Amma 'yar Ptolemy II, Berenice tayi "ba za ta riƙe ikon hannunta ba ”, matsayinta na Sarauniya.

Ba zai tsaya ba, ba da hannunsa ba. ”

Mahaifinta ya mutu ba da daɗewa ba bayan barin Berenice ba tare da kariya ba.

Za a ba da ita, ita da kanta, da waɗanda suka kawo ta, da wanda ya haife ta, da wanda ya ba ta ƙarfi a cikin waɗancan lokuta ”

Antakiya ta ba da Berenice a matsayin matarsa ​​kuma ta ɗauki matarsa ​​Laodice, ta bar Berenice ba tare da kariya ba.

Sakamakon wadannan al'amuran, Laodice ya kashe Antakiya kuma an ba da Berenice ga Laodice wanda ya kashe ta. Laodice ya ci gaba da danta Seleucus II Callinicus, Sarkin Seleucia.

 

Daniel 11: 7-9

⁷ Daga ɗayan ɓoye daga tushen sa sai ya tashi tsaye a matsayin sa, zai zo wurin rundunar sojoji ya zo ya yi yaƙi da kagara ta Sarkin arewa, zai yi gāba da su ya ci nasara. ⁸ Zai kuma tafi Masar, tare da gumakansu, da siffofinsu na zubi, da kayayyakin adonsu na azurfa da na zinariya, da waɗanda aka kai su bauta zuwa Masar. Shi da kansa zai ɗan daɗe zai rabu da sarkin arewa. ⁹ "Zai shiga mulkin Sarkin kudu kuma ya koma ƙasarsa."

Verse 7

Oneaya daga cikin ɓarawon za ta iya tsayawa a matsayin sa, ”

Wannan yana nufin ɗan'uwan wanda aka kashe Berenice, wanda ya kasance Ptolemy III Euergetes. Ptolemy III ɗan iyayenta ne, “Tushenta”.

"Zai zo ya shiga rundunar sojoji ya zo ya yaƙi kagara sarkin arewa don ya yi yaƙi da su, ya ci nasara”

Amaryata III “ya miƙe ” a matsayin mahaifinsa kuma ya ci gaba da mamaye Siriya “Biranen sarkin arewa ” ya yi nasara da Seleucus II, Sarkin Arewa. "[X]

Sarkin kudu: Ptolemy III

Sarkin Arewa: Seleucus II

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya

Verse 8

Zai kuma tafi Masar, tare da gumakansu, da siffofinsu na zubi, da kayayyakin adonsu na azurfarsu da na zinariya, da kuma waɗanda aka kai su bauta zuwa Masar."

Ptolemy III ya koma Masar da wasu ganimar da Cambyses ta cire daga ƙasar Masar shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. [xi]

"Kuma shi da kansa zai ɗan daɗe na wasu shekaru daga hannun sarkin arewa."

Bayan wannan, akwai kwanciyar hankali a lokacin da Ptolemy III ya gina babban haikali a Edfu.

Verse 9

⁹ "Zai shiga mulkin Sarkin kudu kuma ya koma ƙasarsa."

Bayan tsawon lokacin zaman lafiya, Seleucus II Callinicus yayi kokarin mamaye kasar Masar da daukar fansa amma bai yi nasara ba kuma dole ya koma Seleucia.[xii]

 

Daniel 11: 10-12

¹⁰ “Game da 'ya'yansa maza za su yi farin ciki, su tara babbar rundunar sojoji. Da zuwansa zai zo ya mamaye ƙofofi ya wuce. Amma zai koma, zai kuwa ji daɗin kansa har zuwa kagararsa. ¹¹ “Sarkin kudu kuma zai yi fushi da kansa, ya tafi ya yi yaƙi da shi, (wato, sarkin arewa); Kuma lalle ne zai tara babbar rundunar mutane, kuma za a ba da taron jama'ar a hannun mutumin. ¹² Kuma taron za a kwashe. Zuciyarsa za ta yi ƙarfi, kuma zai sa dubun dubbai su faɗi; amma ba zai yi amfani da matsayinsa mai karfi ba. ”

Sarkin kudu: Ptolemy IV

Sarkin Arewa: Seleucus III sannan Antakiya ta III

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya

"¹⁰Amma 'ya'yansa maza za su yi farin ciki, su tara babbar rundunar sojoji ”

Seleucus na II ya haifi 'ya'ya maza guda biyu, Seleucus III da kuma kanwarsa Antakiya III. Seleucus III ya jinjinawa kansa kuma ya ɗaga rundunar soji don gwadawa da kuma dawo da wasu sassan Asiya orarama da mahaifinsa ya ɓace tare da nasarar nasara. Aka sa masa guba a shekara ta biyu ta mulkinsa. Hisan uwansa Antakiya na III ya gaje shi kuma ya sami ƙarin nasara a Asiya .arama.

Zai zo kuma zai zo ya mamaye shi ya ratsa ta. Amma zai koma, zai kuma ji daɗin kansa har zuwa kagararsa. ”

Daga baya sai Antiyaku na III ya kai wa Ptolemy IV Philopator (sarkin kudu) ya sake tashar tashar Antakiya ya tafi kudu ya ci Taya “Ambaliya kuma ya wuce (ing) ta” ofasar Sarkin Kudu. Bayan ya wuce Yahuza, Antakiya ya isa iyakar Masar zuwa Rafiya inda Ptolemy IV ya ci shi. Daga nan sai Antiyaku ya koma gida, yana riƙe da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Antakiya daga nasarorin da ya samu a baya.

"¹¹Sarkin kudu zai huda zuciyarsa ya tafi ya yi yaƙi da shi, wato sarkin arewa. Kuma lalle ne zai tara babbar rundunar mutane, kuma za a ba da taron jama'ar a hannun mutumin.

Wannan ya tabbatar da waɗannan aukuwa dalla dalla. Ptolemy IV ya fusata kuma ya fita da sojoji da yawa kuma an kashe sojojin arewa da yawa (kimanin 10,000) ko kama (4,000) “ana ba shi a hannun wancan ” (Sarkin kudu).

"¹² Kuma taron za a kwashe. Zuciyarsa za ta yi ƙarfi, kuma zai sa dubun dubbai su faɗi; amma ba zai yi amfani da matsayinsa mai karfi ba. ”

Ptolemy IV a matsayin sarkin kudu ya yi nasara, amma, ya kasa yin amfani da matsayinsa mai karfi, maimakon haka, ya yi sulhu da Antakiya III sarkin arewa.

 

Daniel 11: 13-19

¹³ “Sarkin arewa kuwa zai dawo ya tara babbar rundunar da ta fi ta farko; kuma a ƙarshen zamani, [wasu], zai zo, yana yin hakan da babbar rundunar soji da kayayyaki masu yawa. ”

Sarkin kudu: Ptolemy IV, Ptolemy V

Sarkin Arewa: Antakiya III

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya

Wasu shekaru 15 bayan Sarkin Arewa, Antakiya III, sun dawo tare da wata runduna kuma suka farma matasa Ptolemy V Epiphanes, sabon sarkin kudu.

¹⁴ “A waɗancan lokatai, mutane da yawa za su tasar wa sarkin kudu.”

A wancan zamani Philip V na Makidoniya ya yarda ya kai wa Ptolemy IV, wanda ya mutu kafin a kai harin.

'Ya'yan ɓarayin da ke cikin jama'arka za su ɗauka a nasu ɓangaren don ƙoƙarin tabbatar da hangen nesa. kuma za su yi tuntuɓe. ”

Lokacin da Antakiya ta III ta wuce ta Yahuza don kai hari Ptolemy V, yahudawa da yawa, sun sayar da kayayyakin Antakiya kuma daga baya sun taimaka masa ya kai wa sojojin Masar hari a Kudus. Manufar wadannan yahudawa 'an tafi dasu suyi kokarin ganin hangen nesa ta tabbata' wacce zata sami 'yanci, amma sun gaza cikin hakan. Antakusus na III ya kula da su sosai amma bai ba su duk abin da suke so ba.[xiii]

¹⁵ “Sarkin arewa kuwa zai zo ya gina mahaya kewaye da shi, ya ci birni da yaƙi. Amma hannun kudu, ba za su tsaya ba, ko mutanen zaɓaɓɓunsa; Ba za a sami ƙarfin ci gaba da tsayawa ba. ”

Antakusus na III (Babban), sarkin arewa, ya kewaye da kama Sidon a kusan 200 BC, inda Janar Ptolemy (V) janar Scopas ya gudu bayan nasarar da ya sha a Kogin Urdun. Ptolemy ya aika da mafi kyawun rundunarsa da janar-janar don ƙoƙarin taimakawa Scopas, amma su ma an ci nasara, "Babu wani ikon ci gaba da tsayawa".[xiv]

¹⁶ Wanda ya zo gāba da shi zai yi yadda ya ga dama, ba kuwa wanda zai iya tsayawa a gabansa. Zai tsaya a ƙasar ado, kuma za a kawar da abin da zai same shi. ”

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama da kusan 200-199 BC Antakiya na III ya mamaye "Ƙasar ado", tare da babu wanda ya yi nasarar cin nasarar adawa da shi. Yankin Yahudiya, sun kasance yanayin yawancin yaƙe-yaƙe tare da Sarkin Kudu, kuma sun sami asarar rayuka da lalata.[xv] Antakus na III ya karɓi lakabin “Babban Sarki” kamar Alexander a gabanshi kuma Helenawa ma sunansu "Babban".

Yahuda ta shigo karkashin mulkin sarkin arewa

 ¹⁷ Zai kuma mai da fuskarsa ga ƙarfi ga dukan mulkinsa, za a yi kuma yin ma'amala da shi. kuma zai yi aiki yadda ya kamata. Kuma game da 'yar mace, za a ba shi izinin halaka ta. Ba za ta tsaya ba, ba za ta ci gaba da zama nasa ba. ”

Daga baya sai Antakiyaus III ta nemi sulhu tare da kasar Masar ta hanyar baiwa 'yarsa Ptolemy V Epiphanes, amma hakan ya gaza samar da yarjejeniya ta lumana.[xvi] A gaskiya ma Cleopatra, 'yarsa ta kasance tare da Ptolemy a maimakon mahaifinta Antakiya III. “Ba za ta ci gaba da zama nasa ba”.

¹⁸ "Zai juyo da fuskarsa zuwa gaɓar tsibiran kuma zai kama mutane da yawa".

Kasashen tsibirin ana fahimtar su suna nufin iyakar Turkiyya (Minan Asiya). Girka da Italiya (Rome). A cikin kusan shekara ta 199/8 BC Antakiya ta kai wa Cilicia (Gabashin Gabashin Turkiya) sannan Lycia (Turkiya ta Kudu ta Kudu). Sannan Thrace (Girka) ya bi bayan wasu shekaru. Ya kuma ɗauki tsibirai da yawa na Aegean a wannan lokacin. Sannan daga tsakanin 192-188, ya kai hari Rome, da abokanta na Pergamon da Rhods.

“Kuma wani kwamandan zai dakatar da zargi a kansa saboda abin da zargi ba zai kasance ba. Zai mayar da ita kan wancan. ¹⁹ Zai mai da fuskarsa birni kagarar ƙasarsa, zai yi tuntuɓe ya fāɗi, amma ba za a same shi ba. ”

Wannan ya cika kamar yadda janar na soja Lucius Scipio Asiaticus "kwamandan" ya cire zagi daga kansa ta hanyar cin nasara da Antakusus III a Magnesia a kusan shekara ta 190 kafin haihuwar. Daga baya Janar din ya juya “fuskarsa zuwa kagarar kasarsu”, ta hanyar kai wa Romawa hari. Koyaya, Scipio Africanus ya sha da kyar kuma mutanen sa suka kashe shi.

Daniel 11: 20

²⁰ “Wanda zai sa mai aikin wuce gona da iri ya hau mulki, cikin 'yan kwanaki za a karye shi, amma ba cikin fushi ko yaƙi ba.

Bayan doguwar sarauta Antakiya na III ya mutu kuma "A matsayinsa", dansa Seleucus IV Philopater ya tashi tsaye a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi.

Don biyan bashin Rome, Seleucus IV ya umarci kwamandansa Heliodorus ya sami kuɗi daga haikalin Urushalima, “Ɗan adali ya ratsa masarautar kyau”  (duba 2 Maccabees 3: 1-40).

Seleucus IV yayi shekaru 12 kawai 'Yan kwanaki idan aka kwatanta da mahaifinsa shekaru 37 na sarauta. Heliodorus ya guba Seleucus wanda ya mutu "Ba cikin fushi ko a cikin yaƙi ba".

Sarkin Arewa: Seleucus IV

Yahuda ta sarautar Sarkin arewa

 

Daniel 11: 21-35

²¹ “Wanda za a ƙasƙantar da shi a cikin sa kuma, ba za su ƙara nuna darajar masarauta a kansa ba; kuma ya shigo lokacin da 'yanci daga kulawa zai kama masarautar ta hanyar hankali. ”

Sarki na gaba na arewa mai suna Antiochus IV Epiphanes. 1 Maccabees 1:10 (Fassara mai Kyau) ta ɗauki labarin “Azzalumin mai mulkin Antiochus Epiphanes, ɗan Sarki Antiochus na Uku na Siriya, ya fito ne daga ɗayan janar-janar na Alexander. Antiochus Epiphanes ya kasance mai garkuwa a Rome kafin ya zama sarki na Siriya… ” . Ya dauki sunan "Epiphanes" wanda yake nufin "mai ladabi" amma an sa masa suna "Epimanes" wanda yake nufin "mahaukaci". Ya kamata kursiyin ya tafi wurin Demetrius Soter, ɗan Seleucus IV, amma a maimakon haka Antakiyaus ta huɗu ta karɓi kursiyin. Shi ɗan'uwan Seleucus IV ne. “Ba za su ƙara nuna masa mulkin sarauta ba”, maimakon haka ya fadada Sarkin Pergamon sannan ya karɓi kursiyin da taimakon Sarkin Pergamon.[xvii]

 

"²² Amma game da makamai na ambaliyar, za su malale su saboda shi, kuma za su fashe; da kuma Shugaban alkawarin. ”

Ptolemy VI Philometer, sabon sarkin kudu, sannan ya kai hari ga masarautar Seleucid da sabon sarkin arewacin Antakiya na Epiphanes na arewa, amma sojojin da ambaliyar ruwa ta farfado kuma ta karye.

Bayan haka sai Antiyakuus ya kori Onias III, babban firist na Yahudiya, wanda ake alamta shi a matsayin “Shugaban alkawalin”.

Sarkin kudu: Ptolemy VI

Sarkin Arewa: Antakiyaus III

Sarkin kudu ya mallaki Yahudiya

"²³ Zai ci gaba da yaudarar kansa, zai ci gaba da yin yaƙi ta hanyar babbar al'umma. ”

Josephus ya ba da labarin cewa a cikin Yahuza akwai gwagwarmayar iko wanda Onias [III] Babban Firist ya ci nasara a lokacin. Ko yaya dai, wata ƙungiya, 'ya'yan Tobiya,Wata karamar al'umma ”, sun haɗa kansu da Antakiya. [xviii]

Josephus ya ci gaba da ba da labarin cewa “Bayan shekara biyu, sai sarki ya iso Urushalima, kamar suna zaman lafiya, Ya mallaki gari ta hanyar yaudara; A lokacin ne bai bar waɗanda suka shigar da shi ba, saboda yawan dukiyar da take a Haikali ”[xix]. Haka ne, ya ci gaba da ruɗi, ya kuwa ci Urushalima saboda Ubangiji “Karamar al'umma” na mayaudara Yahudawa.

"²⁴ A lokacin 'yanci daga kulawa, har zuwa cikin tasirin gundarin ikon da zai shiga ciki da aikata abin da kakanninsa da kakannin kakanninsa ba su yi ba. Zai washe ganima da kayayyaki a cikinsu. Zai kuma yi yaƙi da manyan wuraren da za su ɓuya, amma har zuwa wani lokaci. ”

Josephus yaci gaba da cewa “; amma, da sha'awar zuciyarsa, (don ya ga akwai zinare masu yawa a ciki, da kayan ado da yawa da aka keɓe a gare shi da tamani sosai,) kuma don kwace dukiyarsa, sai ya yi ƙoƙarin rushe kayan. league da yayi. Ya bar Haikalin, ya kwashe fitila na zinariya, da bagaden ƙona turare na tebur, da tebur ɗin, da bagaden hadayar ƙonawa. kuma ba ya hana har da mayafin da aka yi da lallausan lilin da mulufi. Ya kuma tona asirin dukiyar ta asirta, bai bar kome ba ko kaɗan. Ta wannan hanya kuma suka jefa Yahudawa cikin babbar makoki, gama ya hana su yin waɗannan hadayu na yau da kullum da suka saba wa Allah bisa ga doka. ” [xx]

Ba tare da kula da abin da ya haifar ba Antakiyaus ta huɗu ta ba da umarnin a ƙwace Haikalin Yahudiya daga cikin taskokinsa. Wannan wani abu “kakanninsa da kakanninsa ba su yi ba ”, duk da kwace Kudus da yawan sarakunan kudu suka yi a lokutan baya. Bugu da kari, da hani ga yin hadayu na yau da kullun a cikin haikali ya wuce duk abin da haƙurinsa ya yi.

²⁵ “Zai iza ikonsa da zuciyarsa a kan sarkin kudu da babbar runduna. Sarkin kudu kuma zai ba da kansa ga yin yaƙi da rundunar sojoji mai girma da ƙarfi. Kuma ba zai tsaya ba, domin za su shirya makirci a kansa. ²⁶ Kuma waɗanda suke cin abincinsa za su kawo ƙarshen nasa. ”

Bayan ya dawo gida ya tsara al'amuran mulkinsa, 2 Maccabees 5: 1 ya rubuta cewa Antiyaku ya sake kai wa Masar hari na biyu, sarkin kudu.[xxi] Sojojin Antakiya sun cika cikin Masar.

"Kuma amma sojojinsa, za a ambaliyar da shi,

A Pelusium, cikin ƙasar Masar, sojojin Ptolemy sun ƙafe a gaban Antakiya.

Kuma da yawa za su faɗi cikin wadanda aka kashe.

Koyaya, lokacin da Antiyaku ya ji labarin yaƙin a Urushalima, yana tsammani Yahuda ta tayar da hankali (2 Maccabees 5: 5-6, 11). Saboda haka, ya bar ƙasar Masar ya koma Yahudiya, yana karkashe yahudawa da yawa kamar yadda yake zuwa ya washe haikalin. (2 Maccabees 5: 11-14).

Wannan yanka kenan daga wane "Yahuza Maccabeus, tare da wasu tara, sun tafi jeji" wanda ya fara tawayen Maccabees (2 Maccabees 5:27).

²⁷ “Game da waɗannan sarakuna biyu, zuciyarsu za ta himmantu ga aikata mugunta, za su ci gaba da faɗar teburin cin abinci. Amma babu abin da zai yi nasara, domin ƙarshen har yanzu yana kan lokaci.

Wannan ya nuna yana nufin yarjejeniya tsakanin Antakiya ta III da Ptolemy VI, bayan da aka ci Ptolemy VI a Memphis a farkon farkon yakin tsakanin su. Antiochus yana wakiltar kansa a matsayin mai kare yarinyar Ptolemy VI akan Cleopatra II da Ptolemy VIII kuma suna fatan za su ci gaba da fada da juna. Koyaya, Ptolemies biyu sun yi sulhu kuma daga nan sai Antakiya ta sake zama mamayewa ta biyu kamar yadda aka rubuta a 2 Maccabees 5: 1. Duba Daniel 11:25 a sama. A cikin wannan yarjejeniya, sarakunan biyu sun kasance masu rarrabewa, don haka bai yi nasara ba, saboda ƙarshen yaƙi tsakanin Sarkin kudu da sarkin arewa na wani lokaci ne, “Ƙarshen har yanzu ga ajali ambatacce”.[xxii]

²⁸ Zai koma ƙasarsa da dukiya da yawa, zuciyarsa za ta yi tsattsarka da tsattsarkan alkawari. Zai yi aiki yadda yakamata ya koma ƙasarsa.

Wannan ga alama ga taƙaitaccen al'amuran da aka bayyana dalla dalla a cikin ayoyin nan, 30b, da 31-35.

²⁹ “A lokacin da aka shirya za ya koma, ba zai yi yaƙi da kudu ba, amma ba zai zama na ƙarshe daidai da na farko ba. ³⁰ Kuma jiragen ruwa na Kitim zasu auka masa da kan sa, kuma zai yi baƙin ciki.

Wannan ya nuna ana maganar cigaba da karo na biyu da Antakiyaus na huɗu, sarkin arewa ya yiwa Ptolemy VI, sarkin kudu. Yayinda ya yi nasara a kan Ptolemy, har ya isa Alexandria a wannan taron, Romawa, “Jiragen Kittim", ya zo ya matsa masa ya yi ritaya daga Alexandria a Masar.

"Daga majalisar dattijai ta Roma, Popillius Laenas ya kai wa Antakiya wasika wacce ta hana shi shiga yaki tare da Masar. Lokacin da Antakiya ya nemi lokacin yin la’akari, sai jakadan ya zana da'ira a cikin yashi a kusa da Antakiya kuma ya nemi ya ba da amsar kafin ya fita daga cikin da'irar. Antiyakuus ya mika wa Rome bukatun sa na yin tsayayya da ya kasance na shelanta yaki akan Rome. ” [xxiii]

"^30bZai koma ya yi la'anta a kan tsattsarkan alkawarin ya yi aiki mai kyau; Zai koma ya kuma yi tunani ga waɗanda suke barin tsattsarkan alkawari. ³¹ Kuma waɗansu makamai za su tsaya, suna gudana daga gare shi; Za su ƙazantar da Wuri Mai Tsarki, da kagara, da masu ɗorewa

.

“Hakanan za su sa abin ƙyama da ke lalatarwa.”

Josephus ya ba da labarin waɗannan a cikin Yaƙin Yahudawa, Littafin I, Babi na 1, para 2, “A Antakiya bai gamsu da yadda ya ci birni ba, da satar da ta yi, ko kisan gilla da ya yi a can. Amma ya yi nasara da shi, ya kuma tuna da wahalar da ya sha lokacin da aka kewaye shi, ya tilasta wa Yahudawa su yar da dokar ƙasarsu, su kuma sa 'ya'yansu marasa kaciya, su kuma yanka naman alade a bisa bagade. ”. Josephus, Yaƙe-yaƙe na Yahudawa, Littafin I, Babi na 1, para 1 shi ma ya gaya mana cewa “Ya [Antakiyaus na III] ya lalatar da haikalin, ya kuma dakatar da yin ta kowace rana ta shekara shekara ta kafara da shekara uku da watanni shida.”

³² “Waɗanda suka saɓi mugunta a kan alkawarin, zai bi da su ta hanyar kalmomi masu daɗi. Amma game da mutanen da suka san Allahnsu, za su yi nasara, su yi aiki yadda ya kamata. ”

Waɗannan ayoyin suna bayyana rukuni biyu, ɗaya yana yin mugunta da alkawarin (Musa), kuma yana goyan baya tare da Antakiya. Wickedungiyoyin mugaye sun haɗa da Jason Babban Firist (bayan Onias), wanda ya gabatar da Yahudawa ga hanyar rayuwar Girkawa. Duba 2 Maccabees 4: 10-15.[xxiv]  1 Maccabees 1: 11-15 ya taƙaita wannan ta hanya: " A kwanakin nan waɗansu 'yan tawaye suka fito daga Isra'ila, suka ɓatar da mutane da yawa, suna cewa, Bari mu je mu yi yarjejeniya da sauran alumma waɗanda ke kewaye da mu, gama tun daga ɓoye masifu da yawa suka same mu. ¹² Wannan shawara ta gamsu da su, ¹³ Wasu daga cikin mutane kuma suka tafi wurin sarki, wanda ya ba su izinin kiyaye dokokin al'ummai. ¹⁴ Don haka suka gina ɗakin motsa jiki a Urushalima, bisa ga al'adar Al'ummai, ¹⁵ Ya kawar da alamun rashin kaciya. Sun yi cuɗanya da sauran alumma, suka sayar da kansu don aikata mugunta.

 Sauran 'yan firist, Mattatiyaas da' ya'yansa maza guda biyar, daya daga cikinsu Yahuda Maccabeus ne suka tayar da wannan “mugunta. Sun tashi cikin tawaye kuma bayan yawancin abubuwan da aka ambata a sama, sun sami damar cin nasara a ƙarshe.

 ³³ Kuma ma'abuta ilimi a cikin mutane, za su koya wa mutane da yawa. Za su yi tuntuɓe da takobi, da harshen wuta, da kansu, a kwashe su ganima.

An kashe Yahuza da wani ɓangare na sojojinsa da takobi (1 Maccabees 9: 17-18).

Aka kashe Jonatan ɗan wani tare da mutum dubu ɗaya. Babban mai karbar haraji na Antakiya ya ƙone Urushalima da wuta (1 Maccabees 1: 29-31, 2 Maccabees 7).

³⁴ Amma idan suka yi tuntuɓe, za a taimake su da taimako kaɗan; Da yawa kuma da yawa za su haɗa kai da su ta hanyar aminci.

Yahuza da yanuwansa sau da yawa sun ci manyan rundunonin sojoji da yawa waɗanda aka aiko da su da taimakon kima.

 ³⁵ Wasu daga cikin waɗanda ke da basira za su yi tuntuɓe, don su yi aikin gyaran su saboda su, a kuma tsarkake su, har zuwa ƙarshen lokaci. domin har yanzu lokacin ajali ne.

Iyalin Mattathias sun zama firistoci da malamai a cikin tsararraki da yawa har zuwa ƙarshen zamanin Hasmonean tare da Aristobulus wanda Hirudus ya kashe.[xxv]

Dakatar da ayyukan sarakunan arewa da sarakunan kudu waɗanda suka shafi jama'ar Yahudawa.

Kasar Yahudiya ta yi mulkin Daular Hasmonean ta Yahudiya, ta hannun kai tsaye karkashin sarkin arewa

"Domin har yanzu lokacin da aka ƙayyade."

Lokacin da ya biyo bayan waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin sarkin arewa da sarki na kudu ya kasance na zaman lafiya tare da yahudawa suna da ikon mulkin kai kamar yadda babu magadan waɗannan sarakunan da ke da ƙarfin ikon yin tasiri ko iko da Yahudiya. Wannan ya faru ne daga misalin 140 BC zuwa 110 BC, a lokacin ne daular Seleucid ta wargaje (sarkin arewa). Wannan lokaci na tarihin yahudawa ana kiransa daular Hasmonean. Ya faɗi a kusan 40 KZ - 37 KZ ga Hirudus Mai Girma ɗan Idume wanda ya mai da Yahudiya ƙasar cinikin Rom. Rome ta zama sabon sarki na arewa ta hanyar mamaye ragowar Daular Seleucid a shekara ta 63 BC.

Zuwa yanzu, mun ga martaba da aka ba Xerxes, Alexander mai girma, Seleucids, Ptolemies, Antakiya na Epiphanes da Maccabees. Mataki na ƙarshe na wuyar warwarewa, har zuwa lokacin da Masihi da hallakaswa na ƙarshe na tsarin Yahudawa, ya buƙaci fallasa su.

 

Daniel 11: 36-39

Rikicin da ke tsakanin Sarkin kudu da Sarkin arewa ya sake sabuntawa tare da “sarki”.

³⁶ Sarki zai yi yadda ya ga dama, zai ɗaukaka kansa ya kuma ɗaukaka kansa fiye da kowane alloli. Zai yi magana a kan Allah na alloli. Tabbas zai ci nasara, har ya zuwa lokacin da la'anarsa ta ƙare; Domin abin da aka yanke shawara dole ne a yi shi. ³⁷ Ba zai kula da Allahn kakanninsa ba. kuma ga sha'awar mata da kowane allah ba zai kula ba, amma a bisa kowane mutum zai ɗaukaka kansa. ³⁸ Amma ga allah na birni, a wurinsa zai yi ɗaukaka; kuma ga gumakan da kakanninsa ba su sani ba zai ba da ɗaukaka ta hanyar zinariyar da azurfar da ta dutse mai tamani da abubuwa masu kyau. ³⁹ Zai kuma yi nasara a kan biranen kagara mai ƙarfi, tare da baƙon allah. Duk wanda ya ba shi girmamawa, zai sami ɗaukaka tare da ɗaukaka, ya maishe su su yi mulki a cikin mutane da yawa; [asa mai ƙasa da lada.

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa wannan sashin yana buɗe tare da "Sarki" ba tare da bayyana ko shi sarkin arewa bane ko kuma sarkin kudu. A zahiri, dangane da aya ta 40, ba shine sarkin arewa ko sarkin kudu ba, yayin da yake hada kan sarkin kudu yana gaba da sarkin arewa. Wannan zai nuna shi sarki ne bisa kan Yahudiya. Sarki daya tilo na kowane daraja kuma mai matukar mahimmanci dangane da zuwan Almasihu da ya shafi Yahudiya shine Hirudus mai Girma, kuma shine ya karɓi iko a Yahudiya kusan shekara 40 kafin haihuwar Yesu.

Sarki (Hirudus mai Girma)

"Sarki kuma zai yi yadda ya ga dama. ”

Yaya karfin wannan sarki yake nuna wannan kalmar. Sarakuna kalilan ne suke da ikon yin daidai yadda suke so. A zamanin sarakuna a cikin wannan annabcin sauran sarakunan da za su sami wannan ikon su ne Alexander the Great (Daniyel 11: 3) wanene "Zai yi mulki da babban mulki kuma ya yi yadda ya ga dama" , da kuma Antiochus the Great (III) daga Daniyel 11:16, game da shi wanda ya ce:Wanda ya zo gāba da shi zai yi yadda ya ga dama, ba kuwa wanda zai iya tsayawa a gabansa ”. Hatta Antiochus IV Epiphanes, wanda ya kawo matsala ga Yahudiya, ba shi da wannan ƙarfin iko, kamar yadda aka ci gaba da gwagwarmaya na Maccabees. Wannan yana da nauyi zuwa gano Hirudus mai girma da “sarki".

Zai ɗaukaka kansa, ya ɗaukaka kansa fiye da kowane alloli. Zai yi magana a kan Allah na alloli. ”

Josephus ya rubuta cewa Antipater ya zama Hirudus ya zama gwamna na Galili tun yana ɗan shekara 15.[xxvi] Asusun ya ci gaba da bayanin yadda ya yi sauri ya sami damar ciyar da kansa gaba.[xxvii] Da sauri ya sami suna don mutum ne mai ƙarfi da ƙarfin zuciya.[xxviii]

Ta yaya ya faɗi abubuwan al'ajabi gāba da Allah na alloli?

Ishaya 9: 6-7 da aka annabta “Gama an haife mana ɗa, an taɓa haifa mana ɗa, mulkin sarautar zai zama a kafaɗa. Za a kira sunansa Mashawarci mai ba da shawara, Allah Mabuwãyi, Uba madawwami, Sarkin Salama. Thea'idodin mulkin da zaman lafiya ba su da iyaka.”. Ee, Hirudus ya yi magana game da Allah na alloli [Yesu Kristi, Allah mai iko, sama da allolin al'ummai.] Kamar yadda ya umarci sojojinsa su kashe jaririn Yesu. (Dubi Matta 2: 1-18).

A matsayin tunanin wani bangare, aikata kisan gilla ga marayu kuma ana daukar shi ɗayan manyan laifuffukan ta'addanci da mutum zai iya aikatawa. Wannan musamman saboda yana wahalar da lamirin da Allah ya bashi, kuma aikata irin wannan aika aikar shine cin karo da lamirin da Allah da kuma mahaliccin mu suka bayar.

“Kowane allah” wataƙila yana nufin sauran gwamnoni da masu mulki, (ƙaƙƙarfa) waɗanda ya ɗaukaka kansa. Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa kuma, ya nada surukinsa Aristobulus a matsayin babban firist, bayan haka ba da daɗewa ba, ya kashe shi. [xxix]

Sarki ya mallaki Yahudiya, wanda ya yi wa sabon sarkin arewacin Rome sarauta

“Kuma lalle za ya yi nasara har zuwa lokacin yanke hukuncin. Domin abin da aka yanke shawara dole ne a yi. ”

Ta wace hanya Hirudus ya yi “Yi nasara har sai la'anar [ta yahudawa) ta ƙare.” Ya tabbatar da nasara cikin zuriyarsa sun yi mulkin wasu sassa na al'ummar Yahudawa har zuwa kusan halaka su a shekara ta 70 A.Z. Hirudus Antipas, wanda ya kashe Yahaya Maibaftisma, Hirudus Agaribas na I, wanda ya kashe Yakubu kuma ya daure Peter, yayin da Hirudus Agaribas na II ya aika da Manzo Bulus a cikin sarƙoƙi zuwa Roma, ba da daɗewa ba kafin Yahudawa su yi tawaye ga Romawa, suna jawo wa kansu hallaka.

³⁷ “Ba zai kula da Allah na ubanninsa ba, Ba zai kula da sha'awar mata da kowane irin allah ba, amma a kan kowa ne zai ɗaukaka kansa. ”

Littafi Mai Tsarki yana amfani da kalmar sau da yawa “Allah na kakanninku” koma zuwa ga Allahn Ibrahim, Ishaku, da Yakubu (misali duba Fitowa 3:15). Babban sarki ba Bayahude bane, maimakon haka shi Ba'amurke ne, amma saboda auratayya tsakanin Edomawa da yahudawa, galibi ana daukar Idumewa a matsayin Bayahude, musamman lokacin da suka musulunta. Shi ɗan Antipater ne na Edom. Josephus ya kira shi ɗan bayahude.[xxx]

Har ila yau, Edomawa sun fito daga zuriyar Isuwa, ɗan'uwan Yakubu, don haka Allah na Ibrahim da Ishaku, ya kamata su zama Allahnsa. Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga Josephus, Hirudus ya bayyana kansa a matsayin Bayahude yayin da yake magana da Yahudawa.[xxxi] A zahiri, wasu daga mabiyansa Yahudawa suna kallon shi a matsayin Almasihu. Kamar yadda irin wannan Hirudus ya kamata ya yi la’akari da Allahn kakanninsa, Allahn Ibrahim, amma a maimakon haka ya gabatar da bautar Kaisar.

Babban sha'awar kowace mace Bayahude ita ce ta ɗauki Almasihu, amma kamar yadda za mu gani a ƙasa, bai kula da waɗannan sha'awoyin ba, lokacin da ya kashe duk yara maza a Baitalami a ƙoƙarin kashe Yesu. Bai kuma kula da wani “allah” ba kamar yadda ya kashe duk wani da yake ganin wata barazanar.

³⁸ Amma ga allah na kagara, a cikin matsayinsa zai ɗaukaka; kuma ga gumakan da kakanninsa ba su sani ba zai ba da ɗaukaka ta hanyar zinariyar, ta hanyar azurfi, da ta dutse mai tamani, ta hanyar kyawawan abubuwa. ”

Hirudus ya miƙa wuya ga ikon mulkin Duniyar Romawa, irin na soja, kamar na ƙarfe "Allah na birressesnensu". Ya ba da farko ga Julius Kaisar, sannan ga Antony, sannan ga Antony da Cleopatra VII, sannan ga Augustus (Octavian), ta hanyar wakilai tare da kyautai masu tsada. Ya gina Kaisariya a matsayin babbar tashar jirgin ruwa mai daraja wacce aka sanya wa girmamawa ga Kaisar, daga baya ya sake gina Samariya kuma ya sa masa suna Sebaste (Sebastos yana daidai da Augustus). [xxxii]

Mahaifinsa ba su ma san da wannan allahn ba, watau iko na Duniyar Romawa kamar yadda kwanan nan ya zama daular duniya.

 ³⁹ "Kuma zai yi nasara sosai a kan kagararrun kagara, tare da baƙon allah. Duk wanda ya ba shi girmamawa, zai sami ɗaukaka tare da ɗaukaka, ya maishe su su yi mulki a cikin mutane da yawa; [asa kuwa zai tara kuɗi. ”

Bayan haka, Josephus ya ba da labarin cewa bayan Kaisar ya bai wa Hirudus wani lardin da zai yi sarauta, Hirudus ya kafa gumakan Kaisar don su yi bauta a wurare da yawa kuma ya gina birane da yawa da ake kira Kaisar. [xxxiii] A cikin wannan ya ba “duk wanda ya ba shi daraja…. yalwar girma ”.

Mafi ƙarfi ga ƙarfi a ƙasar Yahudiya shi ne dutsen Haikali. Hirudus ya yi nasara da kyau, ta hanyar sake gina shi, kuma a lokaci guda ya mai da shi kagara don dalilan nasa. A zahiri, ya gina katafaren gida mai ƙarfi a gefen arewa na haikalin, yana kula da shi, wanda ya ba shi suna Hasumiyar Antonia (bayan Mark Antony). [xxxiv]

Josephus kuma ya ba mu labarin wani taron jim kadan bayan Hirudus ya kashe matarsa ​​Mariamne, cewa:Alexandra ta sauka a wannan lokacin a Urushalima; Bayan an sanar da shi halin da Hirudus yake ciki, sai ta yi ƙoƙari ta mallaki wuraren tsafin da ke keɓaɓɓen birni, biyu biyu, ɗaya birni ne, ɗayan na haikali. kuma waɗanda za su iya ba da su a hannunsu su mallaki ƙasar gabansu, domin in ba tare da umarninsu ba zai yiwu a miƙa hadayunsu. ” [xxxv]

Daniel 11: 40-43

⁴⁰ A ƙarshen zamani sarkin kudu zai tasar masa, sarkin arewa kuwa zai tasar masa da karusai, da mahayan dawakai, da jiragen ruwa da yawa. Zai kuma shiga cikin ƙasa, ambaliya kuma ya ratsa ta.

Sarkin kudu: Cleopatra VII na Misira tare da Mark Antony

Sarkin arewa: Augustus (Octavian) na Rome

Kasar Yahudiya ta yi mulkin sarkin arewa (Rome)

“Kuma a ƙarshen zamani”, yana sanya waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru kusa da ƙarshen ƙarshen mutanen Yahudawa, mutanen Daniyel. Don wannan, mun sami daidaituwa masu kama da juna a cikin yakin Actian, inda Antop ya rinjayi Cleopatra VII na Masar (a shekara ta bakwai na mulkin Hirudus akan mulkin Yahudiya). Sarkin kudu wanda ya goyi bayan sa a wannan yakin ya kasance farkon turawa a wannan yakin "Yi aiki tare da shi" by Hirudus mai girma wanda ya ba da kayayyaki.[xxxvi] Antan jariri yawanci yana yanke hukunci ne na yaƙi, amma wannan ya sha bamban saboda yadda sojojin Augustus Caesar suka mamaye kuma suka sami nasara ta sojojin ruwan sa, wanda ya yi nasara a kan babban jirgin ruwan yaki na Actium a bakin tekun Girka. Antony an tura shi don yin yaƙi tare da sojojin ruwa maimakon a ƙasa wanda Cleopatra VII ya fada a cewar Plutarch.[xxxvii]

⁴¹ “Zai shiga ƙasar kyakkyawa, har da ƙasashe da yawa da za su yi tuntuɓe. Waɗannan ne waɗanda za su tsira daga hannunsa, Edomawa da Mowab da manyan 'ya'yan Ammon. ”

Daga nan Augustus ya bi Antony zuwa Masar amma ta ƙasa zuwa Siriya da ƙasar Yahudiya, inda “Hirudus sun karɓe shi da nishaɗin sarauta da arziki ” yin sulhu tare da Augustus ta hanyar canza bangarorin. [xxxviii]

Yayin da Augustus ya tafi kai tsaye zuwa Misira, Augustus ya aika da wasu mutanensa a ƙarƙashin Aelius Gallus waɗanda wasu mutanen Hirudus suka bi ta kan Edom, Mowab, da Ammon (yanki kusa da Amman, Kogin Urdun), amma wannan ya gaza. [xxxix]

⁴² Zai ci ƙarfinsa a kan ƙasashe; Game da ƙasar Masar kuwa, ba za ta kuɓuta ba. ”

Daga baya yayin da aka ci gaba da gwagwarmaya kusa da Alexandria, sojojin ruwa na Antony sun rabu da shi suka shiga cikin rundunar rundunar Augustus. Sojan dokinsa ma sun tafi gefen Augustus. Tabbas, jirgi da yawa da karusai da mahaya da yawa, sun bar sarkin arewa, Augustus ya shawo kan Mark Antony, wanda daga baya ya kashe kansa.[xl] Yanzu Augustus ya sami Egypt. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya ba Hirudus ƙasar da Cleopatra ya ƙwace daga wurin Hirudus.

⁴³ Zai mallaki dukiyoyi na ɓoye na zinariya, da na azurfa, da dukiyar kyawawan abubuwan Masar. Libiya da Italiyan kuma za su kasance a cikin matakansa. ”

Cleopatra na Asiya VII ya ɓoye dukiyar ta a cikin kabarin kusa da haikalin Isis, wanda Augustus ya sami ikon mallaka. [xli]

Libya da Habasha yanzu sun kasance a cikin rahamar Augustus kuma bayan shekaru 11 ya aika da Cornelius Balbus don kama Libya da waccan kudu da kudu maso yamma na Masar.[xlii]

Augustus ya kuma ci gaba da ba lardunan da ke kewayen Yahudiya ikon Hirudus.

Labarin Daniyel ya koma zuwa ga “sarki”, Hirudus.

 

Daniel 11: 44-45

⁴⁴ “Amma za a ba da labari waɗanda za su tayar masa da hankali, daga gabas da arewa, kuma zai fito da hasala mai girma don rushewa da ɓoye mutane da yawa ga hallaka.

Sarki (Hirudus mai Girma)

Kasar Yahudiya ta yi mulkin sarkin arewa (Rome)

Labarin Matta 2: 1 ya gaya mana hakan "Bayan da aka haifi Yesu a Baitalami ta Yahudiya a zamanin sarki Hirudus, sai ku duba masanan taurari daga sassan gabas su zo Urushalima". Haka ne, rahotanni waɗanda suka damu Hirudus mai girma ya fito daga faɗuwar rana daga gabas (inda masanan suka samo asali).

Matta 2:16 ta ci gaba "Bayan da Hirudus ya gani, masanan 'tauraron' yan boko sun ruɗe shi, ya yi hasala da fushi sosai, ya aika aka tura samarin a Baitalami da dukan gundumominsu, tun daga shekara biyu zuwa sama." Haka ne, Hirudus mai girma ya fita cikin tsananin fushi don rusa da kuma sadaukar da mutane dayawa. Matta 2: 17-18 ya ci gaba “Domin haka abin da aka faɗa ta bakin annabi Irmiya ya ce, “An ji wata murya a Rama, kuka da baƙin ciki mai yawa. Rahila ce take kuka saboda 'ya'yanta amma ba ta yarda ta ta'azantar da su ba, domin ba su nan ”. Wannan cikar annabcin Daniyel kuma zai bayar da dalilin haɗa wannan labarin a littafin Matta.

A kusan lokaci guda, wataƙila shekaru 2 ko fiye da haka a baya, rahotannin da suka dagula Hirudus shima ya taho daga arewa. Wata shawara ce daga wani ɗan nasa (Antipater) cewa biyu daga cikin 'ya'yansa maza daga Mariamne suna yin shawara a kansa. Anyi kokarin su a Rome amma aka kubutar dasu. Ko ta yaya, wannan ba kafin Hirudus ya yi tunanin kashe su ba.[xliii]

Akwai wasu batutuwa da dama da suka tabbatar da halin Hirudus don hasala mai girma. Josephus ya ba da labarin a cikin Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XVII, Babi na 6, Para na 3-4, cewa ya ƙona wani Matthias da sahabbansa waɗanda suka rushe da rushe Uwar Roma da Hirudus ya sa a haikalin.

⁴⁵ Zai dasa manyan alfarwansu a tsakanin babban teku da tsattsarkan dutsen ado na ado. kuma zai zo har ya zuwa ƙarshe, kuma babu mataimaki a gare shi.

Hirudus ya gina manyan gidaje biyu “Babban alfarma” a Urushalima. Daya akan bangon Arewa maso Yamma na Babban Birni Kudus akan tudun yamma. Wannan babban mazaunin ƙasar ne. Ya kasance yamma yamma da haikalin “tsakanin babban teku”[Bahar Rum] da “Tsattsarkan dutsen Kayan ado” [Haikali]. Har ila yau, Hirudus yana da wani katafaren fada a kudu kadan daga wannan babban mazaunin, tare da bangon yamma, a yankin da ake kira yau da arasar Armeniya, saboda haka yana da “Tantis".

Hirudus ya ci gaba da mutuwa ta mutu cikin muguwar cuta mai wahala wacce ba magani. Har ma yayi yunƙurin kashe kansa. Tabbas, akwai “Babu mataimaki a gareshi”.[xliv]

Daniel 12: 1-7

Daniyel 12: 1 ta ci gaba da wannan annabcin yana ba da dalilin dalilin da kuma dalilin dalilin da ya sa aka haɗa shi, don nuna Almasihu da ƙarshen zamanin Yahudawa.

Babban Sarki: Yesu da '' dukkan abubuwa sun ƙare '

Kasar Yahudiya ta yi mulkin sarkin arewa (Rome)

 "¹A wannan lokaci Mika'ilu babban shugaba wanda ke a tsaye a madadin 'ya'yan jama'arku ya bayyana. ”

A jerin abubuwan da suka faru yayin da muka bincika su ta hanyar Daniyel 11, yana nufin cewa kamar yadda Matta sura 1 da 2 suka nuna, Yesu Almasihu “babban sarki ”, “Mikayel, wanene kamar Allah?” ya miƙe a wannan lokacin. An haife Yesu a cikin shekaru ɗaya ko biyu na rayuwar sarki da Sarki Hirudus. Ya miƙe ya ​​ceci'ya'yan mutanenka [Daniyel]' bayan shekaru 30 bayan yahaya mai Baftisma ya yi masa baftisma a Kogin Urdun [a 29 AD] (Matta 3: 13-17).

"Kuma lalle za a sami lokacin tashin hankali wanda ba a taɓa faruwa ba tun lokacin da al'umma ta zo har zuwa wannan lokacin”

Yesu ya gargaɗi almajiransa game da lokacin wahala. Matta 24:15, Markus 13:14, da Luka 21:20 sun yi gargaɗin gargaɗin.

Matta 24:15 ya faɗi kalmomin Yesu, “Saboda haka idan kun ga abin ƙyama da ke lalacewa, kamar yadda aka faɗa ta bakin annabi Daniel, suna tsaye a wuri mai tsarki, (sai mai karatu ya yi amfani da hankali), to, waɗanda ke ƙasar Yahudiya su fara gudu zuwa tsaunuka.”

Mark 13:14 rubuce "Duk da haka, idan kun ga mummunan aikin da ke haifar da lalacewa, ya tsaya a inda bai kamata ba, (sai mai karatu ya yi amfani da hankali), to, waɗanda ke cikin ƙasar Yahudiya su fara gudu zuwa tsaunuka."

Luka 21:20 ta gaya mana “Bayan haka, idan kuka ga rundunonin yaƙi sun kewaye ta, to, ku san cewa hallakarwarta ta kusanto. Sa’annan waɗanda ke cikin ƙasar Yahudiya su gudu zuwa kan tsaunuka, sauran waɗanda ke tsakiyar birni kuma su janye, kuma waɗanda ke ƙasar su shiga ta. ”

Wasu suna danganta Daniyel 11: 31-32 da wannan annabcin na Yesu, duk da haka a cikin ci gaba da yanayin Daniyel 11, da kuma cewa Daniel 12 ya ci gaba da shi (surori na zamani ƙaƙƙarfa ne na wucin gadi), ya fi dacewa a danganta annabcin Yesu da Daniyel 12: 1b wanda ke nuna lokacin wahala mafi muni fiye da kowane wanda zai cutar da al'ummar Yahudawa har zuwa wannan lokacin. Yesu ya kuma nuna irin wannan lokacin wahala da tsanani ba zai sake faruwa ga al'ummar yahudawa ba (Matta 24:21).

Ba za mu iya taimaka ba amma lura da kamanni tsakanin Daniel 12: 1b da Matta 24:21.

Daniyel 12:           "Kuma lalle za a sami lokacin tashin hankali wanda ba a taɓa faruwa ba tun lokacin da al'umma ta zo har zuwa wannan lokacin”

Matiyu 24:      “Don a lokacin ne za a yi wata matsananciyar wahala / azaba irin wadda ba a taɓa yi ba tun farkon duniya har yanzu”

Yakin Josephus na yahudawa, karshen littafin II, littafi na III - Littafin VII dalla-dalla wannan lokacin wahala da ta afka wa al'ummar Yahudawa, mafi muni fiye da kowane irin wahala da ta same su a baya, har ma da yin la’akari da halakar Urushalima da Nebukadnezzar mulkin Antakiya na IV.

“A cikin wannan lokaci mutanenki za su tsere, duk wanda aka samu an rubuta shi a littafin.”

Yahudawan da suka yarda da Yesu a matsayin Masihi kuma suka yi masa gargaɗi game da hallakaswa mai zuwa, hakika sun tsere da rayukansu. Eusebius ya rubuta “Amma an ba wa ikilisiyoyin da ke Urushalima wahayi, aka ba wa mazajen da aka yarda da su a can kafin yakin, su bar garin su zauna a wani gari na Perea da ake kira Pella. Kuma a lokacin da waɗanda suka ba da gaskiya ga Kristi suka zo can daga Urushalima, to, kamar garin masarauta na Yahudawa da duk ƙasar Yahudiya ba su da mazajan tsarkaka gaba ɗaya, hukuncin Allah a ƙarshe ya riski waɗanda suka yi irin wannan laifin. Kristi da manzanninsa, kuma sun hallaka wannan ƙarni na mutanen banza. ” [xlv]

Waɗannan Kiristocin masu karatu waɗanda suka yi amfani da fahimi yayin karanta kalmomin Yesu, sun tsira.

"² Da yawa daga cikin waɗanda suke barci a turɓayar ƙasa za su farka, waɗannan zuwa rai madawwami, Waɗanda za su sha kunya da raini har abada. ”

Yesu ya tashi daga matattu sau 3, shi da kansa ya tashi kuma Manzannin sun sake tayar da wasu 2, da kuma labarin Matta 27: 52-53 wanda zai iya nuna tashin mutane a lokacin mutuwar Yesu.

"³ Waɗanda ke da hikima za su haskaka kamar sararin samaniya, waɗanda ke kawo masu yawa zuwa adalci, kamar taurari har abada, har abada abadin. ”

A cikin yanayin fahimtar annabcin Daniyel 11, da Daniyel 12: 1-2, waɗanda suke da fahimi da haskakawa kamar sararin samaniya a tsakanin muguwar ƙungiyar Yahudawa, za su zama waɗannan Yahudawan da suka karɓi Yesu a matsayin Almasihu kuma ya zama Kiristoci.

"⁶ … Har yaushe ne ƙarshen waɗannan abubuwan ban al'ajabi?  ⁷ ... Zai zama na ajali ambatacce, lokatai na yau da rabi."

Kalmar Ibrananci ta fassara “Ban mamaki” yana ɗaukar ma'anar kasancewa ta al'ajabi, mai wuyar fahimta, ko ma'amalar da Allah ya yi da mutanensa, ko kuma hukuncin Allah da fansarsa.[xlvi]

Yaya tsawon hukuncin hukuncin Yahudawa? Daga komawar Romawa zuwa Urushalima zuwa ga lalacewa ya zama lokaci na shekaru uku da rabi.

"Lokacin da aka gama cin nasara ikon tsarkaka, waɗannan abubuwa duka za su ƙare. ”

Rushewar Galila, da kuma Yahudiya ta hanyar Vespasian sannan ɗansa Titus, yana ƙyamar halakar Urushalima, tare da haikalin da ba shi da dutsen da aka bari a kan dutse, ya gama al'ummar Yahudawa a matsayin ƙasa. Tun daga wannan lokacin ba su keɓaɓɓiyar al'umma ba, kuma tare da dukkan bayanan tarihin asalin da aka lalace tare da lalata haikalin, ba wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa su Bayahude ne, ko kabilan da suka fito, kuma ba wanda zai iya yin iƙirarin cewa su masu Masihi. Ee, lalacewar ikon tsarkaka [al'ummar Isra'ila] ya kasance ƙarshe kuma ya kawo wannan annabcin zuwa ƙarshensa da ƙarshe na cikawa.

Daniel 12: 9-13

"⁹ Sai malaikan ya ci gaba da cewa: “tafi, Daniyel, gama an ɓoye kalmomin an rufe su har zuwa ƙarshen lokaci.

An rufe waɗannan kalmomin har zuwa ƙarshen al'ummar Yahudawa. A lokacin ne kawai Yesu ya gargaɗi Yahudawan ƙarni na farko cewa ƙarshen kashi na cikar annabcin Daniyel zai zo kuma cewa zai cika a zamaninsu. Wannan tsararrakin kawai ya tsaya tsawon shekaru 33-37 kafin ɓarnarta tsakanin 66 AD zuwa 70 AD.

"¹⁰ Da yawa zasu tsarkake kansu kuma su yi fari kuma za a sake su. Kuma mugaye za su aikata mugunta, mugayen mutane ba za su fahimta ba; masu hankali za su fahimta. ”

Yawancin yahudawa masu zuciyar kirki sun zama Krista, suna tsarkake kansu ta hanyar baftisma ta ruwa da tuba daga halayensu na dā, kuma suna ƙoƙari su zama kamar Kristi. Hakanan an tsananta su ta hanyar tsanantawa. Koyaya, yawancin yahudawa, musamman shugabannin addini kamar Farisawa da Sadukiyawa suna aikata mugunta, ta hanyar kashe Almasihu da tsananta wa almajiransa. Sun kuma kasa fahimtar mahimmancin gargaɗin Yesu game da hallaka da cikar ƙarshe na annabcin Daniels wanda zai zo musu. Koyaya, waɗanda ke da hankali, waɗanda suke amfani da hankali, sun bi gargaɗin Yesu kuma sun gudu daga Yahudiya da Urushalima da zarar sun sami damar da zarar sun ga sojojin Romawa arna da alamun gumakansu, suna tsaye a cikin Haikalin da bai kamata ba, a cikin 66CE kuma lokacin da sojojin Rome suka ja da baya saboda wasu dalilai da ba a sani ba, suka yi amfani da damar don tserewa.

"¹¹ Tun daga lokacin da aka kawar da abu mai kyau kuma ake sa abin ƙyama da ke lalacewa, za a yi kwana dubu da ɗari biyu da tasa'in. ”

Ma'anar wannan nassi ba a sarari yake ba. Koyaya, yanayin da kullun zai kasance yana nufin miƙa hadayun yau da kullun a Haikali. Wadannan sun daina a haikalin Hirudus a kusa da 5^th Agusta, 70 AD. [xlvii] lokacin da firist ya kasa samun isassun mutanen da za su miƙa ta. Wannan ya dogara ne akan Josephus, Wars of the Yahudawa, Littafin 6, Babi na 2, (94) wanda ya nuna “[Titus] an sanar dashi ranan da ta kasance 17^th ranar Panemus[xlviii] (Tammuz), hadayar da ake kira '' Bautar Hadaya '' ta kasa, kuma ba a miƙa ta ga Allah saboda son mutane ba. ” Wani abin ƙyama da ke haifar da halakarwa, wanda aka fahimci shi ne sojojin Rome da 'allolinsu', ƙaƙƙarfan tallansu, sun kasance suna tsaye a farfajiyar Haikali 'yan shekarun da suka gabata a ranar tsakanin 13^th kuma 23^rd Nuwamba, 66 AD.[xlix]

Kwanaki 1,290 daga 5^th Agusta 70 AD, zai kawo ku zuwa 15^th Fabrairu, 74 AD. Ba a san ainihin lokacin da harin Masada ya fara ba kuma ya ƙare, amma an sami tsabar kuɗin da aka sanya a cikin shekara ta 73 AD. Amma Roman sieges da wuya ya ɗauki tsawon watanni. Kwanaki 45 zai iya zama daidai rata (tsakanin 1290 da 1335) na tege. Ranar da Josephus ya ba da, Wars na Yahudawa, Littafin VII, Babi na 9, (401) shi ne 15^th ranar Xanthicus (Nisan) wanda ya kasance 31 Maris, 74 AD. a cikin Kalandar Yahudawa.[l]

Yayinda kalandar da nayi amfani da su daban-daban, (Taya, sannan yahudawa), da alama babban daidaituwa ne cewa rata ya kasance kwanaki 1,335 tsakanin 5^th Agusta, 70 AD. da 31^st Maris 74 AD., Zuwa ƙarshen juriya ta ƙarshe na tawayen Yahudawa da ƙarshen ƙarshen tashin hankali.

"¹² Albarka ta tabbata ga wanda ya sa zuciya, har ya kai ga kwana dubu da ɗari uku da talatin da biyar. ”

Tabbas, duk wani Bayahude da ya tsira har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakin 1,335 zai iya yin farin ciki don tsira daga mutuwa da lalata, amma musamman, shi ne waɗanda ke kiyaye waɗannan abubuwan da ke faruwa, da Kiristocin waɗanda za su kasance cikin kyakkyawan yanayin kasancewa farin ciki.

"¹³ Amma kai kanka, tafi ƙarshen; Za ka huta, amma a ƙarshen kwanaki za ka tashi ka tsaya cik.

Amma Daniyel ya ƙarfafa shi ya ci gaba da rayuwa har zuwa ƙarshen zamani[li], [lokacin yanke hukunci na tsarin Yahudawa], amma aka gaya masa zai huta [barci cikin mutuwa] kafin wannan lokacin ya zo.

Amma, ƙarfafawa ta ƙarshe da aka ba shi, ita ce cewa zai tashi tsaye [a tashe shi] don karɓar gādonsa, sakamakonsa [nasa], ba a ƙarshen lokaci ba (na tsarin Yahudawa a matsayin al'umma) amma a karshen zamanin, wanda zai zama har yanzu kara a nan gaba.

(Rana ta ƙarshe: kalli Yahaya 6: 39-40,44,54, Yahaya 11:24, Yahaya 12:48)

(Ranar Shari'a: Duba Matta 10:15; Matta 11: 22-24, Matta 12:36, 2 Bitrus 2: 9; 2 Bitrus 3: 7; 1 Yahaya 4:17, Yahuda 6)

A cikin 70 AD,[lii] tare da Romawa a ƙarƙashin Titus suna halakar da Yahudiya da Urushalima “Waɗannan abubuwa duka za su ƙare ”.

Sarkin arewa (Rome) ya lalata Yahudiya da Galili a ƙarƙashin Vespasian da ɗansa Titus

 

Nan gaba, tsarkakan mutanen Allah za su zama waɗannan Kiristocin na gaskiya, za su fito daga asalin Yahudawa da Al'ummai.

 

Takaitawa game da Annabcin Daniels

 

Littafin Daniyel	Sarkin Kudu	Sarkin Arewa	Yahudiya ta mallake ta	Other
11: 1-2			Farisa	4 karin sarakunan Farisa don shafa kan Al'umman Yahudawa Xerxes shine 4th
11: 3-4			Girka	Babban sarki Alexander, 4 Janar
11:5	Ptolemy Na [Egypt]	Seleucus Na Na Karo	Sarkin Kudu
11:6	Ptolemy na II	Antakiya ta II	Sarkin Kudu
11: 7-9	Ptolemy na III	Seleucus na II	Sarkin Kudu
11: 10-12	Ptolemy na hudu	Seleucus na III, Antiochus III	Sarkin Kudu
11: 13-19	Bayanai IV, Ptolemy V	Antiochus III	Sarkin Arewa
11:20	Ptolemy V	Seleucus IV	Sarkin Arewa
11: 21-35	Ptolemy VI	Antakiya na III	Sarkin Arewa	Tashi daga cikin Maccabees
			Daular Hasmonean ta Yahudawa	Era na Maccabees (Semi-kai tsaye a karkashin Sarkin arewa)
11: 36-39			Hirudus, (a ƙarƙashin Sarkin Arewa)	sarki: Hirudus mai Girma
11: 40-43	Cleopatra VII, (Mark Anthony)	Augustus [Roma]	Hirudus, (a ƙarƙashin Sarkin Arewa)	Masarautar kudu ta amshi Sarkin Arewa
11: 44-45			Hirudus, (a ƙarƙashin Sarkin Arewa)	sarki: Hirudus mai Girma
12: 1-3			Sarkin Arewa (Rome)	Babban Sarkin: Yesu, Yahudawa da suka zama Kiristoci sami ceto
12:1, 6-7, 12:9-12		Vespasian, da ɗan Titus	Sarkin Arewa (Rome)	Endarshen al'ummar Yahudawa, Lusionarshen annabcin.
12:13				Ofarshen Zamani, Ranar Lahira, Ranar Shari'a

 

 

References:

[i] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabonidus_Chronicle  Tarihin Nabonidus ya rubuta “Fuskar da Sairus ya yi wa Ecbatana, babban birnin Astyages, an rubuta shi a shekara ta shida ta sarautar Nabonidus. An sake yin wani kamfen da Cyrus ya yi a shekara ta tara, mai yiwuwa yana wakiltar harin da ya kai wa Lydia da kama Sardisu. ” Kamar yadda aka fahimta cewa Babila ta faɗi a cikin 17^th shekarar Nabonidus, wanda ya sanya Cyrus a matsayin Sarkin Farisa aƙalla shekaru 12 kafin cin nasarar Babila. Ya hau gadon sarautar Farisa ne kusan shekaru 7 kafin ya afkawa Astyages, wanda shine Sarkin Media. Shekaru uku bayan haka ya kayar kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin tarihin Nabondius. Gabaɗaya kimanin shekaru 22 kafin faɗuwar Babila.

Bisa lafazin Cyropaedia na Xenophon, bayan shekaru talatin da biyu na kwanciyar hankali, Astyages ya rasa goyon bayan fadawansa yayin yaƙin Cyrus, wanda Xenophon ya fahimta da cewa jikan Astyages ne. Wannan ya haifar da kafuwar daular Fasiya ta Cyrus. (duba Xenophon, 431 KZ-350? KZ a ciki Cyropaedia: Ilimin Sairus - ta Hanyar Gutenberg.)

[ii] https://www.livius.org/articles/place/behistun/  Don tabbatarwa da cewa Darius Mai Girma ya gaji Bardiya / Gaumata / Smerdis duba rubutun Behistun inda Darius [I] ya rubuta tattarawarsa zuwa mulki.

[iii] https://files.romanroadsstatic.com/materials/herodotus.pdf

[iv] ANABASIS OF ALEXANDER, fassarar Arrian the Nicomedian, Babi na XIV, http://www.gutenberg.org/files/46976/46976-h/46976-h.htm, don bayani akan Arrian gani https://www.livius.org/sources/content/arrian/

[v] Cikakken Ayyukan Josephus, Tarihin Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XI, Babi na 8, para 5. P.728 pdf

[vi] An bincika babi na 7 na Daniyel game da wannan labarin.

[vii] An bincika babi na 8 na Daniyel game da wannan labarin.

[viii] https://www.britannica.com/biography/Seleucus-I-Nicator A cewar Encyclopedia Britannica, Seleucus ya yi aiki da Ptolemy na wasu shekaru a matsayin janar Ptolemy kafin ya mallaki Babila kuma ya ba da hanyar 4 da aka cika wanda ya cika annabcin Littafi Mai Tsarki. Cassander da Lysimachus ne suka ba wa Seleucus Siriya lokacin da suka ci Antigonus, amma a halin da ake ciki, Ptolemy ya mamaye kudancin Siriya, kuma Seleucus ya jingina wannan ga Ptolemy, don haka ya tabbatar da Ptolemy, sarki mafi ƙarfi. Shi kuma ɗan Seleucus daga baya ya kashe shi ɗan Ptolemy.

[ix] https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ptolemy-II-Philadelphus “Ptolemy ya kawo karshen yakin tare da Daular Seleucid ta hanyar aurar da‘ yarsa, Berenice — wacce aka ba ta babban sadaki ga abokin gabansa Antiochus II. Za'a iya auna girman wannan dabarun siyasa ta yadda Antiochus, kafin ya auri gimbiya Ptolemaic, ya kori tsohuwar matarsa, Laodice. "

[X] https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ptolemy-III-Euergetes “Ptolemy ya mamaye Coele Syria, don ɗaukar fansar kisan ƙanwarsa, gwauruwa na Seleucid sarki Antiochus II. Sojojin ruwan Ptolemy, wataƙila 'yan tawaye a cikin biranen sun taimaka, sun yi gaba da sojojin Seleucus II har zuwa Thrace, a ƙetaren Hellespont, sannan kuma sun kame wasu tsibirai da ke gefen Minananan Asiya amma an bincika su c. 245. A halin yanzu, Ptolemy, tare da runduna, sun kutsa cikin zurfin Mesofotamiya, sun isa aƙalla Seleucia a kan Tigris, kusa da Babila. A cewar majiyoyin gargajiya an tilasta masa dakatar da ci gabansa saboda matsalolin gida. Yunwa da ƙarancin Kogin Nilu, da kawancen ƙiyayya tsakanin Makidoniya, Seleucid Syria, da Rhodes, wataƙila ƙarin dalilai ne. Yakin a Asiya orarama da Aegean ya ta'azzara yayin da chaeungiyar Achaean, ɗayan ƙungiyoyin Girka, ta haɗa kai da Misira, yayin da Seleucus na II ya sami abokan kawancen biyu a yankin Bahar Maliya. An kori Ptolemy daga Mesopotamia da wani yanki na Arewacin Siriya a 242-241, kuma a shekara mai zuwa an sami zaman lafiya a ƙarshe. ”

[xi] https://www.livius.org/sources/content/mesopotamian-chronicles-content/bchp-11-invasion-of-ptolemy-iii-chronicle/, Musamman, ƙididdigar daga 6^th Karninan malamin Cosmas Indicopleustes “Babban Sarki Ptolemy, ɗan Sarki Ptolemy [II Philadelphus] da Sarauniya Arsinoe, thean’uwa da andaristeruwar Allah, ,a ofan Sarki Ptolemy [I Soter] da Sarauniya Berenice the Gods God, zuriyar a gefen mahaifin Heracles ɗan Zeus, akan mahaifiyar Dionysus ɗan Zeus, ya gaji mahaifinsa mulkin Masar da Libya da Siriya da Finikiya da Cyprus da Lycia da Caria da tsibirin Cyclades, ya jagoranci kamfen zuwa Asiya tare da sojoji mahaya dawakai da rundunar ruwa da giwar Troglodytic da Habasha, waɗanda shi da mahaifinsa ne suka fara farauta daga waɗannan ƙasashe kuma, suka dawo da su Masar, don su dace da aikin soja.

Bayan da na zama mai mulkin duk wannan yankin na Kogin Yufiretis da na Kilikiya da Pamphylia da Ionia da Hellespont da Thrace da na dukkan rundunoni da giwayen Indiya a wadannan kasashen, na kuma ba da sarauta ga dukkan hakimai a yankuna (daban-daban). ya haye Kogin Yufiretis ya kuma ba da kansa ga Mesofotamiya da Babila da Sousiana da Faris da Midiya da sauran ƙasashe duka har zuwa Bactria kuma ya nemi duk abubuwan da ke cikin haikalin waɗanda Farisawa suka kwashe daga Masar suka kawo su. ya dawo da su tare da sauran dukiyar daga yankuna (daban-daban) ya tura rundunoninsa zuwa Masar ta mashigar da aka tona. ” An samo daga [[Bagnall, Derow 1981, No. 26.]

[xii] https://www.livius.org/articles/person/seleucus-ii-callinicus/  Duba shekara ta 242/241 BC

[xiii] Yaƙe-yaƙe na Yahudawa, na Josephus Littafin 12.3.3 p745 na pdf “Amma daga baya, lokacin da Antiochus ya ci nasara kan waɗancan biranen Celesyria wanda Scopas ya mallaka a cikin mallakarsa, da Samariya tare da su, yahudawa, da kansu, suka tafi zuwa gare shi , suka karɓe shi cikin birni [Urushalima], kuma ya ba sojoji da yawa da giwayensa abinci mai yawa, kuma suka taimaka masa da sauri lokacin da ya kewaye sansanin sojoji da ke cikin kagara ta Urushalima ”

[xiv] Jerome -

[xv] Yaƙe-yaƙe na Yahudawa, wanda Josephus ya rubuta, littafi na 12.6.1 pg.747 na pAD “Bayan wannan Antakiya ta yi abokantaka da Ptolemy, ta kuma aurar masa da 'yarsa Cleopatra, ta kuma ba shi' yar Silassiya, da Samariya, da kuma Yahudiya. , da Fenikiya, ta hanyar sadaqa. Bayan rukunin kuɗin haraji tsakanin sarakunan biyu, manyan masu mulki suka biya harajin ƙasashensu da dama, suka tara kuɗin da aka biya dominsu, suka biya daidai ga sarakunan biyu. A wannan lokaci kuwa Samariyawa suna cikin koshin lafiya, suka wahalar da Yahudawa sosai, suna yanyanke wani yanki na ƙasarsu, suka kwashe bayi. ”

[xvi] https://www.livius.org/articles/person/antiochus-iii-the-great/ Duba Shekarar 200BC.

[xvii] https://www.livius.org/articles/person/antiochus-iv-epiphanes/

[xviii] Yaƙin Yahudawa, wanda Josephus, Littafin I, Fasali na 1, sakin layi 1 pg. Sigar 9 pdf

[xix] Tarihin Ka'idar Yahudawa, ta Josephus, Littafi na 12, Babi na 5, Para 4, pg.754 pdf version

[xx] Tarihin Ka'idar Yahudawa, ta Josephus, Littafi na 12, Babi na 5, Para 4, pg.754 pdf version

[xxi] https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Maccabees+5&version=NRSV "A lokacin nan Antakiya ta biyu ta yi yaƙi da Misira. ”

[xxii] https://www.livius.org/articles/concept/syrian-war-6/ musamman abubuwan da suka faru na 170-168 BC.

[xxiii] https://www.livius.org/articles/person/antiochus-iv-epiphanes/ Duba 168 BC. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Antiochus-IV-Epiphanes#ref19253 sakin layi na 3

[xxiv] "Lokacin da sarki ya yarda kuma Jason^[d] ya zo ofis, nan da nan ya canza ƙauyukansa zuwa hanyar rayuwar Girka. ¹¹ Ya keɓe Yahudawa ta hannun Yarjejeniyar, ta hannun Yahaya mahaifin Eupolemus, wanda ya ci gaba da aiki don kafa abokantaka da abokantaka da Romawa; kuma ya lalata hanyoyin rayuwa na halal da gabatar da sabbin al'adu waɗanda sabanin doka. ¹² Ya ji daɗin kafa gidan motsa jiki daidai ƙarƙashin katangar, kuma ya sa manyan samari su sa hat ɗin Girka. ¹³ Akwai irin wannan tsangwama ta rashin wayewa da karuwa da karɓar hanyoyin baƙon saboda mafi girman mugunta na Jason, wanda ba shi da ibada kuma ba gaskiya ba.^[e] babban firist, ¹⁴ firistocin ba su da niyyar hidimtawa a bagaden. Neman Wuri Mai Tsarki da watsi da hadayu, sai suka yi sauri su shiga cikin abubuwan da suka saba wa doka a fagen fama bayan siginar don tattaunawa, ¹⁵ raina darajojin da kakanninsu suka girmama tare da sanya babbar daraja a cikin manyan daraja ta Girka. ” 

[xxv] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 3, para 3.

[xxvi] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XIV, babi na 2, (158).

[xxvii] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XIV, babi na 2, (159-160).

[xxviii] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XIV, babi na 2, (165).

[xxix] Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 5, (5)

[xxx] Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 15, (2) "Kuma wani Idumean, watau rabin Bayahude"

[xxxi] Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 11, (1)

[xxxii] Josephus, Tarihi na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 8, (5)

[xxxiii] Josephus, Yaƙin Yahudawa, Littafin I, Babi Na 21 sakin layi na 2,4

[xxxiv] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 11, (4-7)

[xxxv] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XV, Babi na 7, (7-8)

[xxxvi] Plutarch, Rayuwar Antony, Babi na 61 http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0007:chapter=61&highlight=herod

[xxxvii] Plutarch, Rayuwar Antony, Babi na 62.1 http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0007%3Achapter%3D62%3Asection%3D1

[xxxviii] Josephus, Yaƙe-yaƙe na Yahudawa, Littafin I, Babi na 20 (3)

[xxxix] Tarihin Tarihin Tarihi na Duniya Vol XIII, p 498 da Pliny, Strabo, Dio Cassius da aka nakalto cikin Prideaux Connections Vol II. pp605

[xl] Plutarch, Rayuwar Antony, Babi na 76 http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0007%3Achapter%3D76

[xli] Plutarch, Rayuwar Antony, Babi na 78.3  http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0007%3Achapter%3D78%3Asection%3D3

[xlii] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Cornelius_Balbus_(proconsul)#cite_note-4

[xliii] Josephus, Yaƙin Yahudawa, Littafin I, Babi Na 23 Sakin layi na 2

[xliv] Josephus, Antiquities na Yahudawa, Littafin XVII, babi na 6, para 5 - Babi na 8, para 1 https://www.ccel.org/j/josephus/works/ant-17.htm

[xlv] https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/250103.htm Eusebius, Tarihi na Littafin Ikilisiya III, Babi na 5, para 3.

[xlvi] https://biblehub.com/hebrew/6382.htm

[xlvii] https://www.livius.org/articles/concept/roman-jewish-wars/roman-jewish-wars-5/  don matsaloli tare da bayar da ainihin Dating don wannan lokacin. Na ɗauka kwanakin Taya anan.

[xlviii] Panemus wata ne na watan Makedoniya - wata na Yuni (kalandar wata), kwatankwacin Tammuz na Yahudawa, watan farko na rani, wata na huɗu, daga Yuni zuwa Yuli ya danganta da ainihin farawar Nisan - ko Maris ko Afrilu.

[xlix] https://www.livius.org/articles/concept/roman-jewish-wars/roman-jewish-wars-5/  don matsaloli tare da bayar da ainihin Dating don wannan lokacin.

[l] https://www.livius.org/articles/concept/roman-jewish-wars/roman-jewish-wars-5/  don matsaloli tare da bayar da ainihin Dating don wannan lokacin. Na dauki ranar yahudawa a nan.

[li] Duba Daniel 11:40 don irin wannan kalmar

[lii] Madadin, 74 AD. Tare da faduwar Masada da sauran abin da ya rage na mulkin yahudawa.